ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY MCGRAW HILL PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+RECENT VERSION

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY MCGRAW HILL PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+RECENT VERSION 1) Organization - ANSWER Complex structure and order 2) Metabolism - ANSWER Sum of all chemical reactions in the body 3) Anabolism - ANSWER Small molecules joined to form larger ones 4) Catabolism - ANSWER Large molecules broken down into smaller ones 5) Responsiveness - ANSWER Ability to sense and react to stimuli 6) Regulation - ANSWER Ability to adjust internal bodily function to accommodate environment changes 7) Reproduction - ANSWER Needed for maintenance, growth and repair 8) Chemical - ANSWER Atoms and molecules 9) Atoms - ANSWER Smallest unit of matter 10) Molecule - ANSWER Two or more atoms bonded together 11) Cellular - ANSWER Cell 12) Tissue - ANSWER A group of similar cells that perform the same function. 13) Epithelial tissue - ANSWER Covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways, forms glands 14) Connective tissue - ANSWER Protects, supports, and binds structures and organs 15) Muscle tissue - ANSWER Movement 16) Nervous tissue - ANSWER Nerve impulses for communication 17) Organ - ANSWER Two or more tissues working together 18) Organ system level - ANSWER Multiple organs working together 19) Integumentary system - ANSWER Protects against environmental hazards; helps control body temperature 20) Muscular System - ANSWER Responsible for the movement of the human body 21) Nervous system - ANSWER Regulates movement and posture 22) Endocrine system - ANSWER Consists of glands that control many of the body's activities by producing hormones 23) Cardiovascular system - ANSWER Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, and hormones 24) Lymphatic system - ANSWER Transportation of fluids, lymphocyte production, body defence 25) Respiratory system - ANSWER Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and air and regulates blood pH. Consists of the lungs and respiratory passages. 26) Urinary system - ANSWER Filters the blood and removes waste products from the blood, concentrates waste products in the form of urine, and expels urine from the body 27) Digestive system - ANSWER Mechanically and chemically digests food materials, absorbs nutrients, and expels waste products 28) Reproductive system - ANSWER Reproduce offspring- produce male sex cells (sperm) and female sex cells (oocytes) 29) Supine - ANSWER Lying down, facing upward 30) Anatomical position - ANSWER A standard position in which the body is facing forward, the feet are parallel to each other, and the arms are at the sides with the palms facing forward 31) Section - ANSWER Cut or slice through a structure 32) Plane - ANSWER Imaginary flat surface passing through the body 33) Coronal plane - ANSWER An imaginary plane where the body is cut into front and back parts (Anterior and posterior) 34) Transverse plane - ANSWER Horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions (Superior and inferior) 35) Midsagittal plane - ANSWER Divides the body into equal right and left sides 36) Sagittal plane - ANSWER A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts 37) Parasagittal plane - ANSWER Divides body into unequal right and left sides 38) Oblique plane - ANSWER A minor plane that passes through the specimen at an angle 39) Anterior - ANSWER Front of the body 40) Posterior - ANSWER Back of body 41) Dorsal - ANSWER Toward the back of the body 42) Ventral - ANSWER Toward the belly 43) Superior - ANSWER Closer to the head ; going up 44) Inferior - ANSWER Closer to the feet ; going down 45) Cranial - ANSWER Toward the head 46) Caudal - ANSWER Towards the rear or tail end 47) Rostral - ANSWER Towards the nose or mouth 48) Medial - ANSWER Toward the midline of the body 49) Lateral - ANSWER Away from the midline of the body 50) Ipsilateral - ANSWER On the same side of the body 51) Contralateral - ANSWER On the opposite side of the body 52) Deep - ANSWER Away from the body surface; more internal 53) When a woman is giving birth, the head of the baby pushes against her cervix and stimulates the release of the hormone oxytocin. Oxytocin travels in the blood and stimulates the uterus to contract. Labor contractions become more and more intense until the baby is expelled. This is an example of __________. - ANSWER Positive Feedback 54) Which of the following gives a cell structural support, determines the shape of a cell, and directs the movement of substances through a cell? - ANSWER The Cytoskeleton 55) __________ differ from one another in their number of neutrons and atomic mass - ANSWER Isotopes 56) The sternum (breastbone) is __________ to the vertebral column. - ANSWER Anterior 57) Three common components of a feedback loop are _________, __________, and __________. - ANSWER receptor, integrating (control) center, effector 58) Which of these is an example of active transport? - ANSWER Transport of Na+ from a place of low concentration to a place of higher concentration 59) A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. This means the concentration of solutes in the solution is __________ than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular fluid, and will cause the cell to ______________. - ANSWER higher, shrink 60) Chemicals in a solution can move down a concentration gradient. This means the chemical will move from the area of __________ concentration to the area of _________ concentration. - ANSWER high, low 61) During exercise, one generates excess heat and the body temperature rises. As a response, blood vessels dilate in the skin, warm blood flows closer to the body surface, and heat is lost. This is an example of __________. - ANSWER Negative Feedback 62) Osteology - ANSWER The study of bones 63) What tissues are found in bones? - ANSWER Cartilage, ligaments, tendons, marrow, nerves and blood vessels 64) Functions of bones - ANSWER support, protect, movement, blood formation, energy, electrolyte balance and acid-base balance 65) What creates energy storage in bones? - ANSWER adipose tissue 66) What bones provide protection? - ANSWER Flat bones, the ribs and skull 67) Ligaments - ANSWER Connect bone to bone 68) Tendons - ANSWER Connect muscle to bone 69) Muscles function - ANSWER pull, never push