NUR 257 Exam 3 Questions With Complete Solutions
Prevention of infectious diseases of the heart?
IV dressings (3 days or based off policy), assess- BUN and
creatine, allergies and expect to give IV fluids to renal patients.
ABX, oral hygiene, immunizations.
Pulsus paradoxus
is when you feel for a pulse radially and during the inhale you
lose the pulse and it returns with the exhale this can be a sign of
cardiac tamponade and CHF...often an emergency.
Pharmacologic Stress Test
This test is appropriate for patients with physical
limitation. Medications such as adenosine, dipyridamole,
regadenoson, or dobutamine are given intravenously through an
IV line to cause the heart rate to climb to the target level or the
same symptoms and EKG changes as the exercise test develop.
The test is concluded after 85% of the target heart rate is
achieved.
Continuous ECG monitoring, BP and HR monitoring.
NPO previous to the PST
This tests for CAD and valvular disease
Remove accumulated fluid and sodium
,Diuretics, (lasix) monitor serum K+ levels closely
fluid restriction and possible sodium restriction
Strict I&O and daily weights
Decrease cardiac demands
-limit physical activity &encourage bed rest, limit crying, cluster
care
-avoid extreme body temperatures
-promptly treat infections
-position- semi-fowler, upright to reduce breathing effort
-small frequent feedings
-cool humidified o2 as needed
Antacid medication with heart medications
need to wait at least an hour before taking them or after heart
medication
myocardium
muscular, middle layer of the heart
T-wave
ventricular repolarization
most dramatic in the body responds to cardiac arrythmias,
electrolyte imbalance and scars from previous heart attacks
In the event of coronary blockage a nurse may anticipate
an external temporary pacer
procedures on the heart can cause irritation to the cells making
arrhythmias occur that are life threatening.
CHF-fluid overload is going to be on
, lasix/ bumex be careful not to cause a kidney injury
Water goes sodium and potassium follows
Potassium sticks with magnesium so give magnesium first
Losing K because of diuresis with loop dieuretics know your
electrolyte values
Sodium and potassium replacements cause a lot of lab work
Diastole
the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and
allows the chambers to fill with blood.
Atrial systole
the last phase of a diastole during which the ventricular filling is
completed
Ventricular systole
the blood vessels are distended by the heart forcing blood from
the ventricles into the systemic (or pulmonic) system
atrial diastole/ventricular systole
is the very first event of the cardiac cycle. It occurs some
milliseconds before the electrical signal from the SA node
arrives at the atria
Ventricular systole refers to the period of contraction of the
ventricles.
Stroke volume
Amount of blood ejected with each heartbeat:
Preload: degree of stretch of cardiac muscle fibers at end of
diastole
Prevention of infectious diseases of the heart?
IV dressings (3 days or based off policy), assess- BUN and
creatine, allergies and expect to give IV fluids to renal patients.
ABX, oral hygiene, immunizations.
Pulsus paradoxus
is when you feel for a pulse radially and during the inhale you
lose the pulse and it returns with the exhale this can be a sign of
cardiac tamponade and CHF...often an emergency.
Pharmacologic Stress Test
This test is appropriate for patients with physical
limitation. Medications such as adenosine, dipyridamole,
regadenoson, or dobutamine are given intravenously through an
IV line to cause the heart rate to climb to the target level or the
same symptoms and EKG changes as the exercise test develop.
The test is concluded after 85% of the target heart rate is
achieved.
Continuous ECG monitoring, BP and HR monitoring.
NPO previous to the PST
This tests for CAD and valvular disease
Remove accumulated fluid and sodium
,Diuretics, (lasix) monitor serum K+ levels closely
fluid restriction and possible sodium restriction
Strict I&O and daily weights
Decrease cardiac demands
-limit physical activity &encourage bed rest, limit crying, cluster
care
-avoid extreme body temperatures
-promptly treat infections
-position- semi-fowler, upright to reduce breathing effort
-small frequent feedings
-cool humidified o2 as needed
Antacid medication with heart medications
need to wait at least an hour before taking them or after heart
medication
myocardium
muscular, middle layer of the heart
T-wave
ventricular repolarization
most dramatic in the body responds to cardiac arrythmias,
electrolyte imbalance and scars from previous heart attacks
In the event of coronary blockage a nurse may anticipate
an external temporary pacer
procedures on the heart can cause irritation to the cells making
arrhythmias occur that are life threatening.
CHF-fluid overload is going to be on
, lasix/ bumex be careful not to cause a kidney injury
Water goes sodium and potassium follows
Potassium sticks with magnesium so give magnesium first
Losing K because of diuresis with loop dieuretics know your
electrolyte values
Sodium and potassium replacements cause a lot of lab work
Diastole
the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and
allows the chambers to fill with blood.
Atrial systole
the last phase of a diastole during which the ventricular filling is
completed
Ventricular systole
the blood vessels are distended by the heart forcing blood from
the ventricles into the systemic (or pulmonic) system
atrial diastole/ventricular systole
is the very first event of the cardiac cycle. It occurs some
milliseconds before the electrical signal from the SA node
arrives at the atria
Ventricular systole refers to the period of contraction of the
ventricles.
Stroke volume
Amount of blood ejected with each heartbeat:
Preload: degree of stretch of cardiac muscle fibers at end of
diastole
