PPL CAAP NAVIGATION TEST WITH PRACTICE
EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
● What are 3 common ways to navigate. Answer: Know approximate position at all times or
be able to determine it at will; 3 ways to do this: A) pilotage — reference to visible landmarks
B) dead reackoning — compute direction and distance from a known position C) radio
navigation — use of radio aids PHAK
● What type of aeronautical charts are available for use in VFR navigation?. Answer: AIM
9-1-4 A) sectional charts — designed for visual nav in slow to medium speed aircraft; 1 IN =
6.86 NM; revised semiannually, Alaska annually B) VFR terminal area charts (TACs) — depict
class B airspace; more detailed than sectionals due to larger scale; 1 IN = 3.43 NM; revised
semiannually, PR & Virgin Islands annually C) VFR flyway planning charts — printed on TAC
reverse; covers same areas as TAC; depict flight altitudes recommended for use to bypass
high traffic areas
● Are EFB approved for use in replacement of paper reference material (POH, supplements,
charts) in the cockpit?. Answer: AC 91-78 YES; so long as: — info displayed is functional
equivalent of paper reference material replaced — info is current, up-to-date, & valid — paper
backups recommended
● Isogonic line. Answer: Broken magenta lines that connect points of equal magnetic
variation; show amount and direction of magnetic variation PHAK
● Magnetic variaton. Answer: Angle between true north (TN) and magnetic north (MN)
Expressed as east variation or west variation, depending on whether MN is to the east or west
of TN PHAK
● Converting true direction to magnetic direction. Answer: True course or heading to
magnetic course or heading: Note variation shown by nearest isogonic line (E-, W+): East is
Least, West is Best! PHAK
● Lines of latitude and longitude. Answer: Parallels of latitude: circles parallel to the equator,
lines running east to west; allow us to measure distance in degrees latitude north or south of
equator Meridians of longitude: lines drawn from N Pole to S Pole that pass through the
equator at right angles Prime Meridian: passes thru Greenwich, England; used as zero line
EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
● What are 3 common ways to navigate. Answer: Know approximate position at all times or
be able to determine it at will; 3 ways to do this: A) pilotage — reference to visible landmarks
B) dead reackoning — compute direction and distance from a known position C) radio
navigation — use of radio aids PHAK
● What type of aeronautical charts are available for use in VFR navigation?. Answer: AIM
9-1-4 A) sectional charts — designed for visual nav in slow to medium speed aircraft; 1 IN =
6.86 NM; revised semiannually, Alaska annually B) VFR terminal area charts (TACs) — depict
class B airspace; more detailed than sectionals due to larger scale; 1 IN = 3.43 NM; revised
semiannually, PR & Virgin Islands annually C) VFR flyway planning charts — printed on TAC
reverse; covers same areas as TAC; depict flight altitudes recommended for use to bypass
high traffic areas
● Are EFB approved for use in replacement of paper reference material (POH, supplements,
charts) in the cockpit?. Answer: AC 91-78 YES; so long as: — info displayed is functional
equivalent of paper reference material replaced — info is current, up-to-date, & valid — paper
backups recommended
● Isogonic line. Answer: Broken magenta lines that connect points of equal magnetic
variation; show amount and direction of magnetic variation PHAK
● Magnetic variaton. Answer: Angle between true north (TN) and magnetic north (MN)
Expressed as east variation or west variation, depending on whether MN is to the east or west
of TN PHAK
● Converting true direction to magnetic direction. Answer: True course or heading to
magnetic course or heading: Note variation shown by nearest isogonic line (E-, W+): East is
Least, West is Best! PHAK
● Lines of latitude and longitude. Answer: Parallels of latitude: circles parallel to the equator,
lines running east to west; allow us to measure distance in degrees latitude north or south of
equator Meridians of longitude: lines drawn from N Pole to S Pole that pass through the
equator at right angles Prime Meridian: passes thru Greenwich, England; used as zero line
