Natural Science CLEP exam questions and

Mitochondrion - Correct Answers The chief site of energy production in the cell Ribosome - Correct Answers The site of protein synthesis in the cell Tuberculosis - Correct Answers The disease that is NOT genetically inherited Phenylketonuria - Correct Answers The disease that can be controlled merely through regulation of diet C6H12O6 (glucose) - Correct Answers As a direct result of photosynthesis, energy is stored in molecules of which of the following fats - Correct Answers A person whose gallbladder has been removed has a decreased ability to store bile and therefore to digest A species - Correct Answers The classification characteristics that define the genus of an animal or a plant are usually more general than those defining Forms insoluble precipitates when boiled or when used with soap - Correct Answers Hard water is undesirable and is often softened because hard water _ A thickened epidermis and cuticle - Correct Answers Which of the following adaptations is more likely to be found in the leaves of desert plants than in those of plants that grow in moist regions? The leaves would be unable to get sufficient water - Correct AnswersIf all the xylem from a section of tree trunk could be removed, which of the following would most likely happen first? Chemical - Correct AnswersWhereas the ultimate source of energy for most organisms is sunlight, the immediate source is Epidermal cells - Correct AnswersIn embryonic origin, nerve cells are most similar to Species - Correct AnswersIn the name Homo sapiens, the word sapiens refers to the A similar experiment had been set up without sunlight - Correct AnswersA student placed sprig of green water plant under a funnel in a glass vessel full of water and then placed a test tube full of water southward over the stem of the funnel. After the setup had been exposed to sunlight for several hours, the student tested a has that had collected in the test tube and concluded that the plant had produced oxygen. The results of this experiment could have been interpreted more satisfactorily if __ Insects probably occupy the greatest number of niches - Correct AnswersAmong multicellular animals, the insects exhibit the greatest diversity of life-forms; therefore _____ Increase the growth rates of algae in lakes and rivers - Correct AnswersThe percentage of phosphates in commercial detergents was reduced primarily because phosphates were shown to Starch - Correct AnswersCarbohydrates are most commonly stored in plants in the form of All of his sons only - Correct AnswersA father will transmit the genes of his Y chromosome to Vegetative reproduction of the new variety - Correct AnswersIn many cultivated plants (such as oranges, bananas, and potatoes), favorable characteristics often are created by careful genetic crosses. Of the following, which would be the best way to maintain the traits of a new variety with favorable characteristics? Pancreas - Correct AnswersIn mammals, insulin is produced in which of the following structures The homologous pairs of chromosomes separate - Correct AnswersWhich of the following occurs during anaphase 1 of meiosis? Plasma membrane - Correct AnswersAll living cells have which of the following structures? Stomach - Correct AnswersDigestion of proteins in mammals begins in which of the following organs? Tropical rain forest - Correct AnswersWhich of the following terrestrial biomes typically has the greatest species diversity? Transmission electron microscope - Correct AnswersWhich of the following instruments would be most useful for studying the internal structure of a chloroplast? II and III only - Correct AnswersA hawk can have which of the following ecological roles? I. primary consumer II. secondary consumer III. tertiary consumer Changes in gene expression - Correct AnswersWhich of the following most directly leads to changes in cellular specialization during embryonic development? Squirrel - Correct AnswersWhich of he following animals is most closely related to the cheetah? Mosquito - Correct AnswersWhich of the following organisms typically transmits the West Nile virus to humans? Both chloroplasts and mitochondria - Correct AnswersA photosynthetic eukaryotic cell typically contains No experiments can be designed to test it - Correct AnswersA theory fails to meet the criteria of scientific methodology if ___ Absorption of energy by atoms in the outer layers of the Sun - Correct AnswersDark lines in the Sun's spectrum are explained as resulting from 4.6 billion years - Correct AnswersScientists estimate the age of the Sun to be about Relatively low temperatures compared with the surrounding surface - Correct AnswersSunspots on the surface of the Sun are correlated with which of the following? Earth absorbs short-wave radiation from the Sun and radiates long-wave radiation, which is absorbed by the atmosphere - Correct AnswersWhich of the following best describes the principal way in which Earth's atmosphere is heated? The oceans - Correct AnswersMost of Earth's water exists in Are implicated in the reduction of ozone levels in the upper stratosphere - Correct AnswersThe release of chlorofluorocarbon gases into the environment has caused great concern to scientists and the public because these compounds Natural gas, petroleum, anthracite coal, and bituminous coal - Correct AnswersWhich of the following natural resources are fossil fuels? Cambrian period, age of birds - Correct AnswersAll of the following geologic time intervals are characterized correctly except Andromeda galaxy - Correct AnswersWhich of the following is the farthest, on average, from Earth? 28g - Correct AnswersCaO + CO2 - CaCO3: What mass of CaO is needed to absorb 22 grams of CO2 according to the balanced chemical equation above?(Molar masses: CaO = 56g/mol, CO2 = 44g/mol) After 5,600 years the sample will contain only 5 grams of 14/6C. - Correct AnswersThe half-life of 14/6C is 5,600 years. Which of the following statements about a 10-gram sample of 14/6C is correct? The Moon has no wind and is geologically inactive - Correct AnswersImpact craters dominate the Moon's surface, yet are rare on Earth's surface. Reasons for this difference are what? Direct proportion - Correct AnswersAt a fixed pressure, when the temperature of a gas sample increases, its volume increases. This relationship between the temperature and the volume of a gas is best described as which of the following? An element with 8 electrons - Correct AnswersThe notation 1s2 2s2 2p4 represents ____ Essentially the same as it was before use - Correct AnswersIn old-fashioned flashbulbs, light was produced by the reaction of magnesium metal, Mg, sealed in the bulb with oxygen gas, O2. After the flash, the mass of the sealed bulb was ___ is seen only in the morning or the evening sky - Correct AnswersOf the following planets that are visible with the naked eye -Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn-- only Venus has an orbit smaller than that of Earth. This means that Venus They easily form negative ions - Correct AnswersWhich of the following is NOT generally true of metals? Electrostatic - Correct AnswersWithin molecules of a compound, atoms are held together by chemical bonds that are primarily Glacial ice - Correct AnswersAn unsorted mixture of clay, boulders, sand, and silt would most likely be deposited from which of the following? Glaciers - Correct AnswersValleys with U-shaped cross sections are most likely the result of erosion by which of the following? Crop irrigation - Correct AnswersOn a global basis, for which of the following activities is the most water used each day? Radio waves - Correct AnswersWhich of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has photons of the LEAST energy? 75% - Correct AnswersThe atomic mass of carbon is 12 and the atomic mass of hydrogen is 1. What is the percent by mass of carbon in methane gas, CH4? 1,000 - Correct AnswersSouthern California experienced an earthquake that registered magnitude 3.5 on the Richter scale. One month later the same area experienced an earthquake that registered 5.5. About how many times as much energy was released by the magnitude 5.5 earthquake than by the magnitude 3.5 earthquake? Xenolith inclusions in igneous rocks - Correct AnswersThe study of which of the following would likely be the most helpful in providing information about the composition of Earth's upper mantle? Neutrons - Correct AnswersWhich of the following are found in greater number in the nuclei of carbon-14 atoms than in the nuclei of carbon-12 atoms? Counterclockwise - Correct AnswersWhich of the following best describes the wind circulation associated with low pressure systems in the Northern Hemisphere? X-ray radiation - Correct AnswersWhich of the following types pf radiation is typically produced in the laboratory by a high-voltage electron beam impacting a metallic target? Dilute hydrochloric acid - Correct AnswersIn order to produce a stream of hydrogen has for this reaction, one should add which of the following through the thistle tube? Much hydrogen gas would escape without coming in contact with the copper oxide - Correct AnswersAfter the production of hydrogen gas starts, withdrawing the thistle tube would result in___?