NSG 5240 Advanced Pharmacology Final
Practice Exam Questions And Correct
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1. Which pharmacokinetic process describes the movement of a
drug from the bloodstream into body tissues?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Answer: B. Distribution
Rationale: Distribution refers to the movement of a drug from the
systemic circulation to body tissues and organs. Factors affecting
,distribution include blood flow, protein binding, lipid solubility, and
tissue permeability.
2. Which phase of drug metabolism primarily involves cytochrome
P450 enzymes?
A. Phase I
B. Phase II
C. Phase III
D. Phase IV
Answer: A. Phase I
Rationale: Phase I metabolism involves oxidation, reduction, or
hydrolysis reactions, primarily mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes
in the liver. These reactions often create more polar metabolites.
3. A drug that produces the maximum possible therapeutic response
is said to have:
A. Potency
B. Efficacy
C. Bioavailability
D. Clearance
,Answer: B. Efficacy
Rationale: Efficacy refers to the maximum effect a drug can produce
regardless of dose. It is different from potency, which refers to the
amount of drug needed to achieve a specific effect.
4. Which factor most significantly affects oral drug bioavailability?
A. Renal clearance
B. Hepatic first-pass metabolism
C. Plasma protein binding
D. Drug half-life
Answer: B. Hepatic first-pass metabolism
Rationale: First-pass metabolism occurs in the liver after oral
absorption, significantly reducing the concentration of active drug
reaching systemic circulation.
5. Which antihypertensive medication class works by blocking
angiotensin II receptors?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. Beta blockers
, C. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
D. Calcium channel blockers
Answer: C. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Rationale: ARBs block the binding of angiotensin II to AT1 receptors,
preventing vasoconstriction and aldosterone release, thereby lowering
blood pressure.
6. Which medication is most commonly associated with a persistent
dry cough?
A. Losartan
B. Lisinopril
C. Amlodipine
D. Hydrochlorothiazide
Answer: B. Lisinopril
Rationale: ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril increase bradykinin levels,
which can cause a persistent dry cough in some patients.
7. Which diuretic is considered potassium-sparing?
Practice Exam Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf| South College
1. Which pharmacokinetic process describes the movement of a
drug from the bloodstream into body tissues?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Answer: B. Distribution
Rationale: Distribution refers to the movement of a drug from the
systemic circulation to body tissues and organs. Factors affecting
,distribution include blood flow, protein binding, lipid solubility, and
tissue permeability.
2. Which phase of drug metabolism primarily involves cytochrome
P450 enzymes?
A. Phase I
B. Phase II
C. Phase III
D. Phase IV
Answer: A. Phase I
Rationale: Phase I metabolism involves oxidation, reduction, or
hydrolysis reactions, primarily mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes
in the liver. These reactions often create more polar metabolites.
3. A drug that produces the maximum possible therapeutic response
is said to have:
A. Potency
B. Efficacy
C. Bioavailability
D. Clearance
,Answer: B. Efficacy
Rationale: Efficacy refers to the maximum effect a drug can produce
regardless of dose. It is different from potency, which refers to the
amount of drug needed to achieve a specific effect.
4. Which factor most significantly affects oral drug bioavailability?
A. Renal clearance
B. Hepatic first-pass metabolism
C. Plasma protein binding
D. Drug half-life
Answer: B. Hepatic first-pass metabolism
Rationale: First-pass metabolism occurs in the liver after oral
absorption, significantly reducing the concentration of active drug
reaching systemic circulation.
5. Which antihypertensive medication class works by blocking
angiotensin II receptors?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. Beta blockers
, C. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
D. Calcium channel blockers
Answer: C. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Rationale: ARBs block the binding of angiotensin II to AT1 receptors,
preventing vasoconstriction and aldosterone release, thereby lowering
blood pressure.
6. Which medication is most commonly associated with a persistent
dry cough?
A. Losartan
B. Lisinopril
C. Amlodipine
D. Hydrochlorothiazide
Answer: B. Lisinopril
Rationale: ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril increase bradykinin levels,
which can cause a persistent dry cough in some patients.
7. Which diuretic is considered potassium-sparing?
