E109 MODULE 3 EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026
The Effect of Endurance Training on Muscle Fiber Type - Answers 1. Increased oxidative fibers
2. decreased glycolytic fibers
3. fast myosin isoforms
4. increased slow myosin isoforms
5. decreased calcium ATPase in SR
The Effect of Endurance Training on Muscle Fiber - Answers 1. decreased fiber diameter
2. decreased capillary diffusion distance
3. increased capillary density
4. increased blood flow to muscle
The Effect of Endurance Training on Blood - Answers 1. increased total blood volume
2. increased plasma volume
3. increased RBC number
4. increased hematocrit proportion
5. decreased blood viscosity
The Effect of Endurance Training on Heart - Answers 1. increased thickness of left ventricle
2. increased left ventricle contractibility
3. increased stroke volume
The Effect of Endurance Training on Respiratory system - Answers 1. small increase in total lung
capacity
2. small increase in vital capacity
3. small decrease in residual volume
4. large increase in tidal volume
The Effect of Endurance Training on VO2 Max - Answers 1. decreased O2 debt
2. smaller EPOC
3. increased VO2 max
What are the function of the digestive system? - Answers Digestion, motility, absorption, secretion
The mouth digestion function - Answers mechanical and chemical (starches & fats) digestion
mechanical: mastication
chemical: salivary amylase (breaks down carbs/starches), lipase (breaks down fats), lysozyme
(antimicrobial)
The stomach function in digestion - Answers 1. highly acidic; gastrin triggers HCL secretion from
parietal cells
2. pepsinogen from chief cells break down proteins
3. bicarbonate mucus protects stomach from acidity
The small intestine function in digestion - Answers - first neutralize the acidic chyme
- smooth muscle: circular and longitudinal layers
- stem cells at the bottom of crypts that replenish intestinal cells; endocrine cells secrete digestive
hormones
- plicae and villi: increases surface area and compare to stomach rugae
what does duodenum do? - Answers food breakdown (starches, far, proteins); hormones (CCK,
secretin)
what does jejunum do? - Answers breakdown into monomers; nutrient absorption
what does ileum do? - Answers immune response, completes nutrient absorption, bile salt recycling
Large intestine (colon) function? - Answers 1. microbiome:
bacteria help break down food that we are unable to digest ourselves
fermentation
produces some vitamins
2. fluid + electrolyte absorption
gallblader function - Answers bile storage (breaks down fats) made in liver
Liver function - Answers metabolism, synthesis, detoxification, storage, filtration, etc
pancreas function - Answers acini for digestive enzymes, duct cells for sodium bicarbonate buffers,
and islet cells for hormone synthesis (insulin/glucagon)
exocrine=digestive enzymes
endocrine=regulatory hormones
The Effect of Endurance Training on Muscle Fiber Type - Answers 1. Increased oxidative fibers
2. decreased glycolytic fibers
3. fast myosin isoforms
4. increased slow myosin isoforms
5. decreased calcium ATPase in SR
The Effect of Endurance Training on Muscle Fiber - Answers 1. decreased fiber diameter
2. decreased capillary diffusion distance
3. increased capillary density
4. increased blood flow to muscle
The Effect of Endurance Training on Blood - Answers 1. increased total blood volume
2. increased plasma volume
3. increased RBC number
4. increased hematocrit proportion
5. decreased blood viscosity
The Effect of Endurance Training on Heart - Answers 1. increased thickness of left ventricle
2. increased left ventricle contractibility
3. increased stroke volume
The Effect of Endurance Training on Respiratory system - Answers 1. small increase in total lung
capacity
2. small increase in vital capacity
3. small decrease in residual volume
4. large increase in tidal volume
The Effect of Endurance Training on VO2 Max - Answers 1. decreased O2 debt
2. smaller EPOC
3. increased VO2 max
What are the function of the digestive system? - Answers Digestion, motility, absorption, secretion
The mouth digestion function - Answers mechanical and chemical (starches & fats) digestion
mechanical: mastication
chemical: salivary amylase (breaks down carbs/starches), lipase (breaks down fats), lysozyme
(antimicrobial)
The stomach function in digestion - Answers 1. highly acidic; gastrin triggers HCL secretion from
parietal cells
2. pepsinogen from chief cells break down proteins
3. bicarbonate mucus protects stomach from acidity
The small intestine function in digestion - Answers - first neutralize the acidic chyme
- smooth muscle: circular and longitudinal layers
- stem cells at the bottom of crypts that replenish intestinal cells; endocrine cells secrete digestive
hormones
- plicae and villi: increases surface area and compare to stomach rugae
what does duodenum do? - Answers food breakdown (starches, far, proteins); hormones (CCK,
secretin)
what does jejunum do? - Answers breakdown into monomers; nutrient absorption
what does ileum do? - Answers immune response, completes nutrient absorption, bile salt recycling
Large intestine (colon) function? - Answers 1. microbiome:
bacteria help break down food that we are unable to digest ourselves
fermentation
produces some vitamins
2. fluid + electrolyte absorption
gallblader function - Answers bile storage (breaks down fats) made in liver
Liver function - Answers metabolism, synthesis, detoxification, storage, filtration, etc
pancreas function - Answers acini for digestive enzymes, duct cells for sodium bicarbonate buffers,
and islet cells for hormone synthesis (insulin/glucagon)
exocrine=digestive enzymes
endocrine=regulatory hormones
