NRSG 220 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026
What are the actions of antibiotics? - Answers - Affect target organism's structure, metabolism, or life
cycle
- Goal -- Eliminate patogen
- Bactericidal --kill bacteria
- Bacteriostatic -- slow growth of bacteria
- May be used for prophylactic treatment of people with suppressed or compromised immune
systems
Considerations of antibiotics - Answers - Make sure pt knows to finish all antibiotics
- Do not share
- Keep away from children
- Educate that antibiotics reduce oral contraceptive pills and to use back up birth control
- Teach when to take with food or when to avoid certain foods
- Teach clients to wear medic-alert vracelets if allergic
- Inform as to SE (skin, teeth, tendons, ears, kidneys)
- Assess renal and hepatic function (esp. in elderly) = 2.2lb
- Assess for persistent diarrhea in children
- Tell pts to take probiotics (1-2x/day) to counter antibiotic
- Monitor for hypersensitivity with first dose
- Make sure pt's know S&S of allergic reaction
- most antibiotics are best taken on an empty stomach
Role of the nurse: penicillins - Answers - Assess previous drug reactions to penicillin
- Assess animal products exposed to antibiotics
- Avoid cephalosporins if client has history of severe penicillin allergy
- Monitor for hyperkalemia and hypernatremia
- Increased risk in pt with DM or on dialysis (think kidneys)
- Monitor cardiac status, including ECG changes
Role of the Nurse: Cephalosporin therapy - Answers - Assess for presence or history of bleeding
disorders
- Cephalosporins may reduce prothrombin levels
- Assess renal and hepatic function (especially in elderly)
- Assess for persistent diarrhea in children
- Avoid alcohol
- Some cephalosporins cause disulfiram (antabuse)-like reaction with alcohol
Role of the nurse: Tetracycline therapy - Answers - decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives
- Alternate birth-control method should be used while taking med
- increased potential for yeast infection while taking oral contraceptive pills and this drug
- Use with caution in clients with impaired kidney or liver function
- Take on an empty stomach (increased absorption)
- Photosensitivity may result
- Do not take with milk products, iron supplements, magnesium-containing laxatives, or antacids
(fluoros)
- Watch for supra infection such as pseudomembranous colitis
Role of the nurse: Macrolide therapy - Answers - Watch liver with (EES) erythromycin estolate
- Multiple drug-drug interactions occur with this antibiotic (CYP)
- Monitor - exacerbates heart disease
- Cause a metallic taste in mouth
What is antibiotic class is more toxic than most antibiotics? - Answers Aminoglycosides
Aminoglycosides have the potential to cause which serious adverse effects - Answers - Ototoxicity
(worse if given with Lasix (furosemide))
- Nephrotoxicity (worse if given with Zovirax (acyclovir))
- Neuromuscular blockage (including respiratory paralysis
What doesn't work with aminoglycosides and macroslides? - Answers last names
What decreases fluoroquinolones by 90% - Answers Vitamins:
- calcium
- magnesium
What are the actions of antibiotics? - Answers - Affect target organism's structure, metabolism, or life
cycle
- Goal -- Eliminate patogen
- Bactericidal --kill bacteria
- Bacteriostatic -- slow growth of bacteria
- May be used for prophylactic treatment of people with suppressed or compromised immune
systems
Considerations of antibiotics - Answers - Make sure pt knows to finish all antibiotics
- Do not share
- Keep away from children
- Educate that antibiotics reduce oral contraceptive pills and to use back up birth control
- Teach when to take with food or when to avoid certain foods
- Teach clients to wear medic-alert vracelets if allergic
- Inform as to SE (skin, teeth, tendons, ears, kidneys)
- Assess renal and hepatic function (esp. in elderly) = 2.2lb
- Assess for persistent diarrhea in children
- Tell pts to take probiotics (1-2x/day) to counter antibiotic
- Monitor for hypersensitivity with first dose
- Make sure pt's know S&S of allergic reaction
- most antibiotics are best taken on an empty stomach
Role of the nurse: penicillins - Answers - Assess previous drug reactions to penicillin
- Assess animal products exposed to antibiotics
- Avoid cephalosporins if client has history of severe penicillin allergy
- Monitor for hyperkalemia and hypernatremia
- Increased risk in pt with DM or on dialysis (think kidneys)
- Monitor cardiac status, including ECG changes
Role of the Nurse: Cephalosporin therapy - Answers - Assess for presence or history of bleeding
disorders
- Cephalosporins may reduce prothrombin levels
- Assess renal and hepatic function (especially in elderly)
- Assess for persistent diarrhea in children
- Avoid alcohol
- Some cephalosporins cause disulfiram (antabuse)-like reaction with alcohol
Role of the nurse: Tetracycline therapy - Answers - decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives
- Alternate birth-control method should be used while taking med
- increased potential for yeast infection while taking oral contraceptive pills and this drug
- Use with caution in clients with impaired kidney or liver function
- Take on an empty stomach (increased absorption)
- Photosensitivity may result
- Do not take with milk products, iron supplements, magnesium-containing laxatives, or antacids
(fluoros)
- Watch for supra infection such as pseudomembranous colitis
Role of the nurse: Macrolide therapy - Answers - Watch liver with (EES) erythromycin estolate
- Multiple drug-drug interactions occur with this antibiotic (CYP)
- Monitor - exacerbates heart disease
- Cause a metallic taste in mouth
What is antibiotic class is more toxic than most antibiotics? - Answers Aminoglycosides
Aminoglycosides have the potential to cause which serious adverse effects - Answers - Ototoxicity
(worse if given with Lasix (furosemide))
- Nephrotoxicity (worse if given with Zovirax (acyclovir))
- Neuromuscular blockage (including respiratory paralysis
What doesn't work with aminoglycosides and macroslides? - Answers last names
What decreases fluoroquinolones by 90% - Answers Vitamins:
- calcium
- magnesium
