CIVIL AIR PATROL SPAATZ EXAM -
AEROSPACE CUMULATIVE STUDY
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 100% PASS
Escape Trajectory - Answer-A spacecraft must accelerate to its escape velocity
which causes the velocity of the spacecraft to be so high and the inertia so great that
the spacecraft comes under the influence of another body's gravity before it reaches
its apogee.
Escape Velocity - Answer-The speed at which an object is able to overcome the
gravitational pull of the earth.
Evaporation - Answer-The process by which liquid water molecules change to a gas
or vapor state and enter the Earth's atmosphere.
Evaporation Fog - Answer-Steam that occurs when cold air moves over warm water;
the water's normal evaporation process saturates the cooler air with water vapor,
and the dew point is reached.
Exosphere - Answer-The top of the atmosphere above the Heterosphere. Known as
the "region of escape."
Expansion Wave - Answer-A shock wave that is formed when the air must fill back in
as the trailing edge passes.
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) - Answer-The United States Government
agency, which is responsible for regulating air commerce.
Fixed-Base Operation (FBO) - Answer-A service station for airplanes.
Fixed Landing Gear - Answer-Usually on less expensive, smaller airplanes because
it is much less costly to build and maintain.
Flaps - Answer-Attached to the trailing edge of the wing. When cruising, the flaps
simply continue the streamlined shape of the wing's airfoil.
Flight Instruments - Answer-Inform the pilot of the altitude, the airspeed, and the
attitude of the aircraft.
Flight Service Station (FSS) - Answer-Provides all types of weather information for
pilots.
Fog - Answer-A large mass of water vapor condensed to fine particles, at or just
above the earth's surface.
,Force - Answer-The cause of motion. Power or energy exerted against an object in a
given direction.
Form Drag - Answer-The shape of the aircraft that creates drag.
Forward-Swept Wings - Answer-Wings sweeping which goes back more than 100
years. The design needed to be structurally stronger in high-speed flight.
Fracto - Answer-A combining term which means broken and/or ragged.
Free Fall - Answer-The motion of a body in space when the only force acting on it is
that of a gravitational field.
Freezing Level - Answer-May be around 15,000 feet during summer and perhaps as
low as 1,000 feet above ground level on warm winter days.
Friction Drag - Answer-Caused by the friction of air particles rubbing against the
parts of an airplane.
Frost - Answer-a feathery deposit of minute ice crystals or grains upon a surface or
object, formed directly from vapor in the air.
Fuel System - Answer-Includes everything that involves delivery of fuel to the engine
including fuel tanks and fuel lines.
Fuselage - Answer-The basic structure of the airplane to which all the other parts are
attached.
Galaxy - Answer-A grouping of billions of stars apparently merging into a luminous
band that extends across the sky.
Geostationary Orbit - Answer-An orbit stationed above one point on Earth's surface.
Global Positioning System (GPS) - Answer-Consists of about 24 satellites in orbit
around the Earth, several ground tracking stations, and a receiver in the aircraft.
Graviation - Answer-The term used to describe the force of attraction that exists
between all matter within the universe.
Gravity - Answer-When gravitation involves Earth and a body or mass on or near the
Earth.
Great Circle - Answer-Any circle on the Earth's surface that is made by a plane
crossing through the Earth's center.
Grid System (Graticule) - Answer-A system of coordinates that involves numbers
across the top and letters down the left side. The Earth graticule uses 18 primary
great circles going north-south and parallel small circles and two poles going east-
west.
, Ground Speed - Answer-A measure of how fast the aircraft is going across the
surface of the Earth. This is important in determining how long it will take to get from
a start point to the destination.
Guidance Rocket System - Answer-A self-contained electronic unit that employs a
computer and an inertial platform and may also have a star-tracking unit for space
navigation.
Gyroscopic Stability - Answer-A spinning flat weight that tends to line up on one of its
axes. That axis is the one perpendicular to the face of the weight. Once the weight is
aligned on the axis, it will remain there.
Hail - Answer-Pellets or lumps of frozen rain or snow sometimes precipitated during
a thunderstorm.
Hangar - Answer-A garage for airplanes which protects it from weather damage.
Haze - Answer-A concentration of water vapor, lighter than fog or clouds, but thick
enough to reduce visibility.
Heat - Answer-The sum total energy of all moving molecules within a substance.
Helium Gas - Answer-A very light inert gas used to inflate airships.
Hemisphere - Answer-Half-sphere
Heterosphere - Answer-Begins at about 55 to 60 miles in altitude where the
molecules and atoms of the gases are spaced much farther apart. At this level,
gravity influences the gases according to mass with the heaviest found in the lower
part and the lighter gases found in the upper part.
High-Inversion Fog - Answer-A low cloud fog formed by condensation of water vapor
at or near the top of cool air that is covered by a warmer air layer.
Hohmann Transfer - Answer-Minimum energy transfer that was developed by a
German engineer named Walter Hohmann and is a practical method of space
maneuver to this day.
Homosphere - Answer-Extends from Earth's surface up to an altitude of about 60
miles. That region in which the gaseous composition and mixing are relatively
constant.
Humidity - Answer-The amount of water vapor in the air.
Hydraulic Systems - Answer-May operate the brakes, lower the landing gear, move
the flight controls, and extend and lower the flaps. The mechanical advantage of this
system allows the pilot to exert great pressure on the aircraft control systems or
structures.
AEROSPACE CUMULATIVE STUDY
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 100% PASS
Escape Trajectory - Answer-A spacecraft must accelerate to its escape velocity
which causes the velocity of the spacecraft to be so high and the inertia so great that
the spacecraft comes under the influence of another body's gravity before it reaches
its apogee.
Escape Velocity - Answer-The speed at which an object is able to overcome the
gravitational pull of the earth.
Evaporation - Answer-The process by which liquid water molecules change to a gas
or vapor state and enter the Earth's atmosphere.
Evaporation Fog - Answer-Steam that occurs when cold air moves over warm water;
the water's normal evaporation process saturates the cooler air with water vapor,
and the dew point is reached.
Exosphere - Answer-The top of the atmosphere above the Heterosphere. Known as
the "region of escape."
Expansion Wave - Answer-A shock wave that is formed when the air must fill back in
as the trailing edge passes.
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) - Answer-The United States Government
agency, which is responsible for regulating air commerce.
Fixed-Base Operation (FBO) - Answer-A service station for airplanes.
Fixed Landing Gear - Answer-Usually on less expensive, smaller airplanes because
it is much less costly to build and maintain.
Flaps - Answer-Attached to the trailing edge of the wing. When cruising, the flaps
simply continue the streamlined shape of the wing's airfoil.
Flight Instruments - Answer-Inform the pilot of the altitude, the airspeed, and the
attitude of the aircraft.
Flight Service Station (FSS) - Answer-Provides all types of weather information for
pilots.
Fog - Answer-A large mass of water vapor condensed to fine particles, at or just
above the earth's surface.
,Force - Answer-The cause of motion. Power or energy exerted against an object in a
given direction.
Form Drag - Answer-The shape of the aircraft that creates drag.
Forward-Swept Wings - Answer-Wings sweeping which goes back more than 100
years. The design needed to be structurally stronger in high-speed flight.
Fracto - Answer-A combining term which means broken and/or ragged.
Free Fall - Answer-The motion of a body in space when the only force acting on it is
that of a gravitational field.
Freezing Level - Answer-May be around 15,000 feet during summer and perhaps as
low as 1,000 feet above ground level on warm winter days.
Friction Drag - Answer-Caused by the friction of air particles rubbing against the
parts of an airplane.
Frost - Answer-a feathery deposit of minute ice crystals or grains upon a surface or
object, formed directly from vapor in the air.
Fuel System - Answer-Includes everything that involves delivery of fuel to the engine
including fuel tanks and fuel lines.
Fuselage - Answer-The basic structure of the airplane to which all the other parts are
attached.
Galaxy - Answer-A grouping of billions of stars apparently merging into a luminous
band that extends across the sky.
Geostationary Orbit - Answer-An orbit stationed above one point on Earth's surface.
Global Positioning System (GPS) - Answer-Consists of about 24 satellites in orbit
around the Earth, several ground tracking stations, and a receiver in the aircraft.
Graviation - Answer-The term used to describe the force of attraction that exists
between all matter within the universe.
Gravity - Answer-When gravitation involves Earth and a body or mass on or near the
Earth.
Great Circle - Answer-Any circle on the Earth's surface that is made by a plane
crossing through the Earth's center.
Grid System (Graticule) - Answer-A system of coordinates that involves numbers
across the top and letters down the left side. The Earth graticule uses 18 primary
great circles going north-south and parallel small circles and two poles going east-
west.
, Ground Speed - Answer-A measure of how fast the aircraft is going across the
surface of the Earth. This is important in determining how long it will take to get from
a start point to the destination.
Guidance Rocket System - Answer-A self-contained electronic unit that employs a
computer and an inertial platform and may also have a star-tracking unit for space
navigation.
Gyroscopic Stability - Answer-A spinning flat weight that tends to line up on one of its
axes. That axis is the one perpendicular to the face of the weight. Once the weight is
aligned on the axis, it will remain there.
Hail - Answer-Pellets or lumps of frozen rain or snow sometimes precipitated during
a thunderstorm.
Hangar - Answer-A garage for airplanes which protects it from weather damage.
Haze - Answer-A concentration of water vapor, lighter than fog or clouds, but thick
enough to reduce visibility.
Heat - Answer-The sum total energy of all moving molecules within a substance.
Helium Gas - Answer-A very light inert gas used to inflate airships.
Hemisphere - Answer-Half-sphere
Heterosphere - Answer-Begins at about 55 to 60 miles in altitude where the
molecules and atoms of the gases are spaced much farther apart. At this level,
gravity influences the gases according to mass with the heaviest found in the lower
part and the lighter gases found in the upper part.
High-Inversion Fog - Answer-A low cloud fog formed by condensation of water vapor
at or near the top of cool air that is covered by a warmer air layer.
Hohmann Transfer - Answer-Minimum energy transfer that was developed by a
German engineer named Walter Hohmann and is a practical method of space
maneuver to this day.
Homosphere - Answer-Extends from Earth's surface up to an altitude of about 60
miles. That region in which the gaseous composition and mixing are relatively
constant.
Humidity - Answer-The amount of water vapor in the air.
Hydraulic Systems - Answer-May operate the brakes, lower the landing gear, move
the flight controls, and extend and lower the flaps. The mechanical advantage of this
system allows the pilot to exert great pressure on the aircraft control systems or
structures.
