CADS 1600 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

CADS 1600 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 non-store retailers - Answers -distributes products to consumers through means other than a traditional brick-and-mortar store front -In the last 20+ years non store retailing has seen tremendous growth -many were formerly mail-order only -convenience of delivery -catalogs have become more & more expensive to produce and reach more people via web! Examples of non retailers? - Answers Lands End and J. Crew E-commerce - Answers -is the term often used to describe online retailing via the Internet -internet allows for easy access to Global Markets -Not necessary to have an actual store nor spend money on mail catalogs to reach customers -It is to shop ANYTIME - day or night or in any time zone Examples of E-commerce - Answers Amazon USPS Some issues facing E-commerce - Answers -cyber & data security -online identity verification -targeting the best customer for YourStore, Brand, etc. -customer experience -customer loyalty -converting shoppers into paying customers -competition & competitor analysis -price and shopping -product return & refund policies -choosing best technology for You & your customers It cost 5X more to acquire... - Answers a new customer then it does to retain an old customer Television Shopping - Answers -includes shopping networks and infomercials to sell merchandise -only about 20% sales are apparel ----- still that is millions and millions of dollars examples of TV shopping - Answers QVC and HSN Issues Facing Television Shopping - Answers -shrinking audience -non- covid -struggled during Covid because it is thought of slashed advertising budgets -last year, QVC reported that 86% of sales came from repeat shoppers -hasn't really updated since inception motives for consumer buying - Answers -in past people could often only buy when necessary -now, discretionary income often larger -women still make over 75% of clothing purchases Reasons people wear clothing? - Answers fashionable, attractive, impress others, be accepted by friends, peer groups or colleagues, fill an emotional need Criteria consumers use in fashion selection - Answers aesthetic considerations & practical considerations aesthetic considerations - Answers appearance, color, texture, style practical decisions for buying new clothes - Answers price, fit, comfort, appropriateness, brand or designer label, fabric performance and care, quality For what reasons do you buy new clothes for yourself? - Answers worn out, discount, dont look good anymore, new occasion, dont fit Fashion - Answers is the style or styles that are popular at a given time Style - Answers -is any particular characteristic or look in apparel & accessories -this may come and go in fashion but that specific style will remain that style Specific styles that remain the same? - Answers Bell Bottoms, Chanel Jacket Timeliness/Change - Answers occurrence at the right time Fashion changes because... - Answers 1. It reflects changes in people's lifestyle and current events 2. People's needs change 3. People get bored with what they have Fashion is a product of success... - Answers Timing is the key to success acceptance implies - Answers that consumers must buy and wear a style to make it a fashion Advertising helps what? - Answers stimulate the publics desire for new fashions Acceptance does not imply that a design is necessarily beautiful... - Answers only that its timing is right Fashion cycles - Answers "The way in which fashion change is usually referred to" What are fashion cycles used for? - Answers home furnishings, food, travel, entertainment, etc. A trend is the direction in which a style is? - Answers Moving This is usually depicted as a bell shaped curve? - Answers Fashion Cycle Introduction of a new style - Answers here fashion implies style and newness; not accepted by everyone Increase in popularity - Answers new style purchased; worn and seen by many people, attracts attention Popularity - Answers this can increase copying and adaptation of new styles and range of customers peak of popularity - Answers - fashion is at its height of popularity - it is being copied at all price points and modified Knock off - Answers an unlicensed copy of something especially fashion clothing, intended to be sold at lower price than the original This also plays an important role in the overall dissemination and the life cycle of trends, helping to feed demand for more and more fashion? - Answers Knock offs Decline in popularity - Answers people begin to tire of style; start looking for something new Rejection of style or obsolescence - Answers last phase of fashion cycle, people have already turned to new looks Length of Fashion Cycles - Answers - all fashions follow a cyclical pattern - some fashions fade quickly others never completely disappear Classics - Answers some styles never become completely obsolete, but remain more or less accepted for an extended time period Examples of a classic? - Answers Chanel jacket, Twin set, Polo shirts FADS - Answers -short lived fashions that come and go in a single season -generally affect a narrow consumer group and flood the market in a very short time -the public gets tired of fads quickly and they die out Interrupted cycles - Answers -consumer buying can be halted prematurely; -this can happen because manufacturers no longer wish to risk producing the product or by an upheaval, be it social, economic, or political FLOP - Answers - a fashion cycle rejected by all consumer segments almost immediately - even the few people that buy it discard it very quickly - there are very few consumers in the marketplace that will try anything that is introduced in the market place Diffusion of Fashion = - Answers consumers Fashion Innovators = - Answers leaders Avant Garde = - Answers ahead of the pack or fashion forward These people can be found in every market segment - Answers Fashion leaders fashion followers - Answers -insecure about their taste or what to wear -what is seen as more of a sure thing -imitate people they admire -want to fit in with their friends or peer group Fashion laggard - Answers -have no interest in fashion, clothing only serves a functional purpose, oblivious Adoption of Fashion = - Answers Basic fashion theories Traditional Fashion Adoption Theory or Trickle Down - Answers - oldest theory of fashion adoption - down from the elite or upper class to the lower strata in society - supposedly, primary factor in this process was the lower classes motivation to imitate the upper class Reverse Adoption or Trickle-Up Theory - Answers - designers, manufacturers, etc. pay attention to consumer innovation - watch people on the streets to find ideas - the "grunge" look of the early 1990s is a good example of a street look that made it to the runway Mass Dissemination or Trickle Across Theory - Answers -easy to see when manufacturers copy new styles almost immediately after they are seen/worn - no longer one channel of distribution Horizontal flow theory - Answers - The theory of fashion adoption that holds that fashions move horizontally between groups on similar social levels rather than vertically from one level to another. - Also called the mass-market theory. Principles of fashion - Answers 1. Consumers establish fashions by accepting or rejecting the styles offered 2. Fashions are not based on price 3. Fashions are evolutionary in nature; they are rarely revolutionary 4. No amount of sales promotion can change the direction in which fashions are moving. 5. All Fashions end in excess haute couture - Answers - refers to the highest quality of clothing made - "made to measure" specifically for an individual - high sewing - only 4,000 people across the world can afford this - most fashionable and most exclusive - cost $$$$ - outfit easily starts at 10,000 Bespoke - Answers made to an individual order; custom-made making or selling such clothes equivalent to haute couture except for mens tailoring Designer - Answers in highest sense, this clothing can by synonymous with couture However, today term greatly diluted Usually, high quality garments, but ready-to-wear not custom made Bridge Wear - Answers - Falls between better and designer merchandise - "bridges" the gap between the two - Neiman Marcus, Nordstrom Mass Merchandise - Answers from french pret-a-porter literally means "ready to carry" Brits - "off-the-peg" Better lines - Answers highest of mass merchandise price lines better lines often feature well-known labels Pendleton, Hilfiger Relatively low-price designer names Moderate - Answers middle line of goods moderate quality standards for the less sophisticated for the "average" consumer can be difficult to define and stores can carry multiple price points Sage Harbor, Private Label, Levis Budget - Answers Lowest of mass merchandise price lines consumers tend to equate budget with lower quality not necessarily the case Faded glory, Merona, George Top 3 fastest growing sectors - Answers Secondhand Rental Subscription