PN HESI FUNDAMENTALS EXAMS 2 FINAL
PAPER 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ After completing an assessment and determining that a client has
a problem, which action should the nurse perform next?
A. Determine the etiology of the problem.
B. Prioritize nursing care interventions.
C. Plan appropriate interventions.
D. Collaborate with the client to set goals. Answer: A. Determine the
etiology of the problem.
(Before planning care, the nurse should determine the etiology, or
cause, of the problem (A), because this will help determine (B, C, and
D). )
◉ What is the most important reason for starting intravenous
infusions in the upper extremities rather than the lower extremities
of adults?
A. It is more difficult to find a superficial vein in the feet and ankles.
B. A decreased flow rate could result in the formation of a
thrombosis.
C. A cannulated extremity is more difficult to move when the leg or
foot is used.
,D. Veins are located deep in the feet and ankles, resulting in a more
painful procedure. Answer: B. A decreased flow rate could result in
the formation of a thrombosis.
(Venous return is usually better in the upper extremities.
Cannulation of the veins in the lower extremities increases the risk
of thrombus formation (B) which, if dislodged, could be life-
threatening. Superficial veins are often very easy (A) to find in the
feet and legs. Handing a leg or foot with an IV (C) is probably not
anymore difficult than handling an arm or hand. Even if the nurse
did believe moving a cannulated leg was more difficult, that is not
the most important reason for using the upper extremities. Pain (D)
is not a consideration. )
◉ The nurse is administering medications through a nasogastric
tube (NGT) which is connected to suction. After ensuring correct
tube placement, what action should the nurse take next?
A. Clamp the tube for 20 minutes.
B. Flush the tube with water.
C. Administer the medications as prescribed.
D. Crush the tablets and dissolve in sterile water. Answer: B. Flush
the tube with water.
(The NGT should be flushed before, after, and in between each
medication administered (B). Once all medications are administered,
the NGT should be clamped for 20 minutes (A). (C and D) may be
implemented only after the tubing has been flushed.)
, ◉ A client is in the radiology department at 0900 when the
prescription levofloxacin (Levaquin) 500 mg IV q24h is scheduled to
be administered. The client returns to the unit at 1300. What is the
best intervention for the nurse to implement?
A. Contact the healthcare provider and complete a medication
variance form.
B. Administer the Levaquin at 1300 and resume the 0900 schedule
in the morning.
C. Notify the charge nurse and complete an incident report to
explain the missed dose.
D. Give the missed dose at 1300 and change the schedule to
administer daily at 1300. Answer: D. Give the missed dose at 1300
and change the schedule to administer daily at 1300.
(To ensure that a therapeutic level of medication is maintained, the
nurse should administer dose as soon as possible, and revise the
administration schedule accordingly to prevent dangerously
increasing the level of medication in the bloodstream (D). The nurse
should document the reason for the late dose, but (A and C) are not
warranted. (B) could result in increased blood levels of the drug.)
◉ While instructing a male client's wife in the performance of
passive range-of-motion exercises to his contracted shoulder, the
nurse observes that she is holding his arm above and below the
elbow. What nursing action should the nurse implement?
A. Acknowledge that she is supporting the arm correctly.
B. Encourage her to keep the joint covered to maintain warmth.
PAPER 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ After completing an assessment and determining that a client has
a problem, which action should the nurse perform next?
A. Determine the etiology of the problem.
B. Prioritize nursing care interventions.
C. Plan appropriate interventions.
D. Collaborate with the client to set goals. Answer: A. Determine the
etiology of the problem.
(Before planning care, the nurse should determine the etiology, or
cause, of the problem (A), because this will help determine (B, C, and
D). )
◉ What is the most important reason for starting intravenous
infusions in the upper extremities rather than the lower extremities
of adults?
A. It is more difficult to find a superficial vein in the feet and ankles.
B. A decreased flow rate could result in the formation of a
thrombosis.
C. A cannulated extremity is more difficult to move when the leg or
foot is used.
,D. Veins are located deep in the feet and ankles, resulting in a more
painful procedure. Answer: B. A decreased flow rate could result in
the formation of a thrombosis.
(Venous return is usually better in the upper extremities.
Cannulation of the veins in the lower extremities increases the risk
of thrombus formation (B) which, if dislodged, could be life-
threatening. Superficial veins are often very easy (A) to find in the
feet and legs. Handing a leg or foot with an IV (C) is probably not
anymore difficult than handling an arm or hand. Even if the nurse
did believe moving a cannulated leg was more difficult, that is not
the most important reason for using the upper extremities. Pain (D)
is not a consideration. )
◉ The nurse is administering medications through a nasogastric
tube (NGT) which is connected to suction. After ensuring correct
tube placement, what action should the nurse take next?
A. Clamp the tube for 20 minutes.
B. Flush the tube with water.
C. Administer the medications as prescribed.
D. Crush the tablets and dissolve in sterile water. Answer: B. Flush
the tube with water.
(The NGT should be flushed before, after, and in between each
medication administered (B). Once all medications are administered,
the NGT should be clamped for 20 minutes (A). (C and D) may be
implemented only after the tubing has been flushed.)
, ◉ A client is in the radiology department at 0900 when the
prescription levofloxacin (Levaquin) 500 mg IV q24h is scheduled to
be administered. The client returns to the unit at 1300. What is the
best intervention for the nurse to implement?
A. Contact the healthcare provider and complete a medication
variance form.
B. Administer the Levaquin at 1300 and resume the 0900 schedule
in the morning.
C. Notify the charge nurse and complete an incident report to
explain the missed dose.
D. Give the missed dose at 1300 and change the schedule to
administer daily at 1300. Answer: D. Give the missed dose at 1300
and change the schedule to administer daily at 1300.
(To ensure that a therapeutic level of medication is maintained, the
nurse should administer dose as soon as possible, and revise the
administration schedule accordingly to prevent dangerously
increasing the level of medication in the bloodstream (D). The nurse
should document the reason for the late dose, but (A and C) are not
warranted. (B) could result in increased blood levels of the drug.)
◉ While instructing a male client's wife in the performance of
passive range-of-motion exercises to his contracted shoulder, the
nurse observes that she is holding his arm above and below the
elbow. What nursing action should the nurse implement?
A. Acknowledge that she is supporting the arm correctly.
B. Encourage her to keep the joint covered to maintain warmth.
