PN VATI NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN EXAM
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL
ANSWERS VERIFIED
◉ What is the purpose of atraumatic care? Answer: Eliminate or
minimize distress
Prevent or minimize separation from the family
Promote sense of control
Prevent or minimize bodily injury and pain
Examples:
- Foster the parent-child relationship
- Prepare child before any treatment or procedure
- Control pain
- Provide play activities for expression of fear and aggression
◉ Name a safety consideration of pediatric nursing Answer: 1.
Young children crawl and can get into things that they should not get
into!
2. Infection is more of a concern due to a weakened immune system
3. Choking should be considered
There are many more!
,◉ What is the difference between consent and assent? Answer:
Consent is legally binding permission for care. Assent is agreement
that is not legally sufficient. A child can assent but cannot consent.
◉ What is informed consent? Answer: A patient's agreement to
undergo a procedure after being told what to expect and all risks
and possible benefits.
◉ Who obtains consent? Answer: The provider, not the nurse. The
nurse serves to make sure that consent has been obtained and is
sometimes a witness.
◉ Reasons for legal emancipation at age 16/17: Answer: 1. Active
duty member
2. Financial independence
3. Pregnant under 18
4. Person who is married under 18
5. Living apart from a parent under 18
◉ What is a mature minor Answer: Mature minor: A person who is
under 18 who can make an informed decision about giving consent
to contraceptive care or psychological assessment. No lower limit in
Virginia.
,◉ What is EMTLA? Answer: Emergency Medical Treatment and
Active Labor Act
This is an act that ensures that all individuals are offered treatment
who need it. This means that hospitals must treat those who are not
able to give consent due to critical condition.
◉ What is assent? Answer: When clients (minors or incapacitated
adults) cannot legally give consent, they can give assent (which is an
agreement to treatment)
◉ When do parental and the child's rights conflict Answer: When a
decision is made by the parents that is not ethical. One example
could be when a child's parents refuse a blood transfusion when the
child's life is in danger. The state can make certain decisions for
pediatric patients when deemed appropriate.
◉ Why is family centered care important? Answer: The family
provides support and safety for the child. Establishing partnership is
important to form trust.
◉ What is culture? Answer: The body of customary beliefs, material
traits, and social forms that constitute the distinct tradition of a
group of people.
, ◉ How does culture influence healthcare? Answer: It can influence
the communications, the interactions between patient and doctor,
can impact the treatment they receive, and the outcome of the
patient
◉ What is a common barrier to cultural humility? Answer:
Ethnocentrism
◉ What is an outcome of cultural humility? Answer: Trust
◉ What are the most common monosomies? Answer: Cri-du-chat
syndrome
Turner syndrome
◉ What is the most common trisomy? Answer: Trisomy 21 (Down
Syndrome)
◉ Autosomal dominant condition example Answer: Dwarfism &
Huntington's disease
◉ Autosomal recessive disease example Answer: Sickle cell disease
& cystic fibrosis
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL
ANSWERS VERIFIED
◉ What is the purpose of atraumatic care? Answer: Eliminate or
minimize distress
Prevent or minimize separation from the family
Promote sense of control
Prevent or minimize bodily injury and pain
Examples:
- Foster the parent-child relationship
- Prepare child before any treatment or procedure
- Control pain
- Provide play activities for expression of fear and aggression
◉ Name a safety consideration of pediatric nursing Answer: 1.
Young children crawl and can get into things that they should not get
into!
2. Infection is more of a concern due to a weakened immune system
3. Choking should be considered
There are many more!
,◉ What is the difference between consent and assent? Answer:
Consent is legally binding permission for care. Assent is agreement
that is not legally sufficient. A child can assent but cannot consent.
◉ What is informed consent? Answer: A patient's agreement to
undergo a procedure after being told what to expect and all risks
and possible benefits.
◉ Who obtains consent? Answer: The provider, not the nurse. The
nurse serves to make sure that consent has been obtained and is
sometimes a witness.
◉ Reasons for legal emancipation at age 16/17: Answer: 1. Active
duty member
2. Financial independence
3. Pregnant under 18
4. Person who is married under 18
5. Living apart from a parent under 18
◉ What is a mature minor Answer: Mature minor: A person who is
under 18 who can make an informed decision about giving consent
to contraceptive care or psychological assessment. No lower limit in
Virginia.
,◉ What is EMTLA? Answer: Emergency Medical Treatment and
Active Labor Act
This is an act that ensures that all individuals are offered treatment
who need it. This means that hospitals must treat those who are not
able to give consent due to critical condition.
◉ What is assent? Answer: When clients (minors or incapacitated
adults) cannot legally give consent, they can give assent (which is an
agreement to treatment)
◉ When do parental and the child's rights conflict Answer: When a
decision is made by the parents that is not ethical. One example
could be when a child's parents refuse a blood transfusion when the
child's life is in danger. The state can make certain decisions for
pediatric patients when deemed appropriate.
◉ Why is family centered care important? Answer: The family
provides support and safety for the child. Establishing partnership is
important to form trust.
◉ What is culture? Answer: The body of customary beliefs, material
traits, and social forms that constitute the distinct tradition of a
group of people.
, ◉ How does culture influence healthcare? Answer: It can influence
the communications, the interactions between patient and doctor,
can impact the treatment they receive, and the outcome of the
patient
◉ What is a common barrier to cultural humility? Answer:
Ethnocentrism
◉ What is an outcome of cultural humility? Answer: Trust
◉ What are the most common monosomies? Answer: Cri-du-chat
syndrome
Turner syndrome
◉ What is the most common trisomy? Answer: Trisomy 21 (Down
Syndrome)
◉ Autosomal dominant condition example Answer: Dwarfism &
Huntington's disease
◉ Autosomal recessive disease example Answer: Sickle cell disease
& cystic fibrosis
