RNSG 2432 - Exam 1 - Module 4: Hemodynamic Monitoring & Heart Failure|Hemodynamic Monitoring, Cardiac Output Assessment, Preload, Afterload, Stroke Volume, Ejection Fraction, Pulmonary Artery Pressure, Central Venous Pressure, Systemic Vascular Resistance

RNSG 2432 - Exam 1 - Module 4: Hemodynamic Monitoring & Heart Failure|Hemodynamic Monitoring, Cardiac Output Assessment, Preload, Afterload, Stroke Volume, Ejection Fraction, Pulmonary Artery Pressure, Central Venous Pressure, Systemic Vascular Resistance, Pulmonary Vascular Resistance, Arterial Line Management, MAP Calculation, Tissue Perfusion, Invasive Pressure Techniques, Trends Analysis, Low Cardiac Output Detection, Left-Sided Heart Failure, Right-Sided Heart Failure, Systolic Dysfunction, Diastolic Dysfunction, Fluid Overload, Edema, Pulmonary Congestion, Frank-Starling Law, Ventricular Hypertrophy, Oxygen Delivery, Dyspnea, Orthopnea, Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea, Rales, Frothy Pink Sputum, UNLOAD FAST Interventions, Nursing Responsibilities in Critical Cardiac Care Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 What is Hemodynamic Monitoring? •It is measuring the pressures (volume) in the heart. •Did we do this before technology was available? How?? yes assessing the pt. •**Single hemodynamic values are rarely significant. Look at trends!! How We Measured Before Technology- (How you can tell low cardiac output) •Baseline assessment data obtained (low cardiac output) •General appearance •Level of consciousness •Skin color/temperature •Vital signs •Peripheral pulses •Urine output- indirect measurement of CO Purpose of Hemodynamic Monitoring- (Look at pressures volume in the heart) 1 - •Establish baseline values and evaluate trends •Determine presence and degree of dysfunction 2- •Implement and guide interventions early to prevent complications. Hemodynamic Monitoring Components Heart Rate Blood Pressure and MAP CVP Pulmonary Artery Pressures Systemic Vascular Pressure (SVR) (arterial blood pressure) Pulmonary Vascular Pressure (PVR) (lung pressure)- pulmonary hypertension Cardiac Output/ Cardiac Index Stroke Volume How much blood is in the ventricle before systole- How much is "loaded" pre contraction Afterload is end-systolic wall stress or resistance Comparing Hemodynamics to IV pump •Fluid =preload •Pump= CO or contractility (needs electricity) •Tubing =afterload Types of Invasive Pressure Monitoring-Arterial Line- Blood Pressure