PNCB PEDIATRIC PRIMARY CARE EXAM 2
ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS
◉ 2. The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner understands that,
to achieve the greatest world-wide
reduction in child mortality from pneumonia and diarrhea, which
intervention is most effective?
a. Antibiotics
b. Optimal nutrition
c. Vaccinations
d. Water purification Answer: ANS: C
Rotavirus is the most common cause of diarrhea globally and Strep
pneumonia is the leading cause of
pneumonia, and together these are the leading infectious causes of
childhood morbidity and mortality
globally. Both are vaccine-preventable diseases. Antibiotics to treat
pneumonia, optimal nutrition, and
clean water all help to reduce morbidity and mortality, but
vaccination prevents the diseases from
occurring.
,◉ 3. When providing well child care for an infant in the first year of
life, the primary care pediatric nurse
practitioner is adhering to the most recent American Academy of
Pediatrics Recommendations for
Preventive Pediatric Health Care guidelines by :
a. focusing less on development and more on illness prevention and
nutrition.
b. following guidelines established by the Bright Futures publication.
c. scheduling well-baby visits to coincide with key developmental
milestones.
d. seeing the infant at ages 2, 4, 6, and 12 months when
immunizations are due. Answer: ANS: C
In the most recent AAP Recommendations for Preventive Pediatric
Health Care, there is a greater
emphasis on behavioral and developmental issues and a
recommendation that well child care be based on
child and family development rather than the periodicity of
immunization schedules. This will require a
revision of the current recommendations in Bright Futures.
◉ 4. Which is true about the health status of children in the United
States?
a. Globalism has relatively little impact on child health measures in
the U.S.
,b. Obesity rates among 2- to 5-year-olds have shown a recent
significant decrease.
c. The rate of household poverty is lower than in other economically
developed nations.
d. Young children who attend preschool or day care have higher food
insecurity. Answer: ANS: B
Obesity rates are a major concern for child health in the U.S. but
recently have stabilized in the rate of
increase and have declined among 2- to 5-year-olds between 2004
and 2013. Globalism has an increasing
effect on child health in the U.S. The rate of household poverty in the
U.S. is higher than in other
economically developed nations. Young children who attend
preschool or day care have lower food
insecurity.
◉ 5. Which region globally has the highest infant mortality rate?
a. Indonesia
b. Southern Asia
c. Sub-Saharan Africa
d. Syria Answer: ANS: C
Although Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia together account for
81% of the infant mortality rate
, globally, Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest infant mortality rate in
the world.
◉ 1. The parent of a toddler is concerned that the child may have
autism. The primary care pediatric nurse
practitioner completes a Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers
(M-CHAT) tool, which indicates
several areas of concern. What will the nurse practitioner do?
a. Administer a Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) in the clinic.
b. Consult a specialist to determine appropriate early intervention
strategies.
c. Refer the child to a behavioral specialist for further evaluation.
d. Tell the parent that this result indicates that the child has autism.
Answer: ANS: C
The M-CHAT is a screening tool and is useful for detecting behaviors
that may indicate autism. This
instrument has been found to have acceptable sensitivity, specificity,
and significant positive predictive
value. If these behaviors are detected, the PNP should refer the child
to a specialist for further assessment,
using more diagnostic tools. The CARS may be used but requires
specialty training and proper
credentials. Until the diagnosis is determined, strategies for
intervention are not discussed. The M-CHAT
ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS
◉ 2. The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner understands that,
to achieve the greatest world-wide
reduction in child mortality from pneumonia and diarrhea, which
intervention is most effective?
a. Antibiotics
b. Optimal nutrition
c. Vaccinations
d. Water purification Answer: ANS: C
Rotavirus is the most common cause of diarrhea globally and Strep
pneumonia is the leading cause of
pneumonia, and together these are the leading infectious causes of
childhood morbidity and mortality
globally. Both are vaccine-preventable diseases. Antibiotics to treat
pneumonia, optimal nutrition, and
clean water all help to reduce morbidity and mortality, but
vaccination prevents the diseases from
occurring.
,◉ 3. When providing well child care for an infant in the first year of
life, the primary care pediatric nurse
practitioner is adhering to the most recent American Academy of
Pediatrics Recommendations for
Preventive Pediatric Health Care guidelines by :
a. focusing less on development and more on illness prevention and
nutrition.
b. following guidelines established by the Bright Futures publication.
c. scheduling well-baby visits to coincide with key developmental
milestones.
d. seeing the infant at ages 2, 4, 6, and 12 months when
immunizations are due. Answer: ANS: C
In the most recent AAP Recommendations for Preventive Pediatric
Health Care, there is a greater
emphasis on behavioral and developmental issues and a
recommendation that well child care be based on
child and family development rather than the periodicity of
immunization schedules. This will require a
revision of the current recommendations in Bright Futures.
◉ 4. Which is true about the health status of children in the United
States?
a. Globalism has relatively little impact on child health measures in
the U.S.
,b. Obesity rates among 2- to 5-year-olds have shown a recent
significant decrease.
c. The rate of household poverty is lower than in other economically
developed nations.
d. Young children who attend preschool or day care have higher food
insecurity. Answer: ANS: B
Obesity rates are a major concern for child health in the U.S. but
recently have stabilized in the rate of
increase and have declined among 2- to 5-year-olds between 2004
and 2013. Globalism has an increasing
effect on child health in the U.S. The rate of household poverty in the
U.S. is higher than in other
economically developed nations. Young children who attend
preschool or day care have lower food
insecurity.
◉ 5. Which region globally has the highest infant mortality rate?
a. Indonesia
b. Southern Asia
c. Sub-Saharan Africa
d. Syria Answer: ANS: C
Although Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia together account for
81% of the infant mortality rate
, globally, Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest infant mortality rate in
the world.
◉ 1. The parent of a toddler is concerned that the child may have
autism. The primary care pediatric nurse
practitioner completes a Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers
(M-CHAT) tool, which indicates
several areas of concern. What will the nurse practitioner do?
a. Administer a Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) in the clinic.
b. Consult a specialist to determine appropriate early intervention
strategies.
c. Refer the child to a behavioral specialist for further evaluation.
d. Tell the parent that this result indicates that the child has autism.
Answer: ANS: C
The M-CHAT is a screening tool and is useful for detecting behaviors
that may indicate autism. This
instrument has been found to have acceptable sensitivity, specificity,
and significant positive predictive
value. If these behaviors are detected, the PNP should refer the child
to a specialist for further assessment,
using more diagnostic tools. The CARS may be used but requires
specialty training and proper
credentials. Until the diagnosis is determined, strategies for
intervention are not discussed. The M-CHAT
