PNCB PEDIATRIC PRIMARY CARE EXAM 2
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS
◉ An 8-year-old female with ADHD is currently taking
methylphenidate (Concerta) with successful control of her
symptoms. The parents want to try atomoxetine HCI (Strattera)
because the child has had weight loss associated with decreased
appetite from the methylphenidate. Which is the BEST response?
Atomoxetine can cause vomiting, but not appetite suppression.
Non-stimulants are equally as effective as stimulants for symptom
control in females.
Atomoxetine may also cause appetite suppression.
Non-stimulants are more effective than stimulants for symptom
control in females.. Answer: Atomoxetine may also cause appetite
suppression.
Atomoxetine is considered the next drug of choice for children with
ADHD who do not respond to stimulant medication, but this drug
,still has the possibility of causing weight loss related to appetite
suppression. Clinical trials comparing non-stimulant to stimulant
medications for the treatment of ADHD generally demonstrate that
stimulants are more effective in the treatment of ADHD than are
non-stimulants such as atomoxetine. Atomoxetine might be the first
choice to use in a child if there are substance abuse issues in the
family. Other management can be considered to support growth and
weight gain if current treatment success with a stimulant is being
accomplished.
◉ A newborn fails the initial hearing screen by otoacoustic
emissions. Which method of testing provides the MOST accurate
reassessment?
auditory brainstem response
behavioral observation audiometry
repeat otoacoustic emissions
visual reinforced audiometry. Answer: auditory brainstem response
Auditory brainstem response (ABR) is minimally affected by
external or middle ear debris, and yields the lowest false positive
rate. It is the best choice after a positive otoacoustic emission test
,(OAE). Repeating the OAE may continue to yield the same results.
Because it is significantly affected by outer and middle ear debris it
is less accurate than the ABR in detecting hearing loss. Behavioral
observation audiometry assesses auditory function and perception
and is subject to examiner bias. Visual reinforced audiometry is
insensitive to unilateral hearing loss. The child responds at softer
levels. Further, hearing impaired infants achieve early language
milestones such as smiling, cooing and babbling at the normal times,
making behavioral interpretation less accurate.
◉ Which of the following PRIMARY interventions assists in the
prevention of adolescent depression?
recommending the allocation of social isolation time
anticipatory guidance that mild depression is normal
recommending help from professionals rather than friends
discussing changes associated with adolescence. Answer: discussing
changes associated with adolescence
Health practitioners must engage in early interventions in the
recognition and prevention of adolescent depression, despite the
fact that evidence has not proven success of any specific prevention
, programs. Distancing and social isolation are associated with a lack
of motivation and a spiraling downward in depression but do not
prevent depression. The presence of positive family and peer
relationships aid in the identification and resolution of depression in
adolescents. Studies have found that depression is not part of
normal adolescent behavior. In help seeking behaviors, many
adolescents feel most comfortable reaching out to a friend or
someone who cares about them for validation of their feelings.
Education is the primary issue in prevention of depression. Children
should be educated regarding the changes of adolescence as they
approach this stage and parents and educators should have
education to recognize depression early.
◉ Advice for adolescents on the health risks of smoking cigarettes is
based on current research which has concluded that:
early cigarette initiation age often results in adult nicotine
dependency and is associated with other risk behaviors.
cigarette use frequently decreases as the grade in school increases.
adolescent males are more likely to report cigarette use in the past
thirty days.
pregnant adolescent females are less likely to smoke during
pregnancy than adult women.. Answer: early cigarette initiation age
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS
◉ An 8-year-old female with ADHD is currently taking
methylphenidate (Concerta) with successful control of her
symptoms. The parents want to try atomoxetine HCI (Strattera)
because the child has had weight loss associated with decreased
appetite from the methylphenidate. Which is the BEST response?
Atomoxetine can cause vomiting, but not appetite suppression.
Non-stimulants are equally as effective as stimulants for symptom
control in females.
Atomoxetine may also cause appetite suppression.
Non-stimulants are more effective than stimulants for symptom
control in females.. Answer: Atomoxetine may also cause appetite
suppression.
Atomoxetine is considered the next drug of choice for children with
ADHD who do not respond to stimulant medication, but this drug
,still has the possibility of causing weight loss related to appetite
suppression. Clinical trials comparing non-stimulant to stimulant
medications for the treatment of ADHD generally demonstrate that
stimulants are more effective in the treatment of ADHD than are
non-stimulants such as atomoxetine. Atomoxetine might be the first
choice to use in a child if there are substance abuse issues in the
family. Other management can be considered to support growth and
weight gain if current treatment success with a stimulant is being
accomplished.
◉ A newborn fails the initial hearing screen by otoacoustic
emissions. Which method of testing provides the MOST accurate
reassessment?
auditory brainstem response
behavioral observation audiometry
repeat otoacoustic emissions
visual reinforced audiometry. Answer: auditory brainstem response
Auditory brainstem response (ABR) is minimally affected by
external or middle ear debris, and yields the lowest false positive
rate. It is the best choice after a positive otoacoustic emission test
,(OAE). Repeating the OAE may continue to yield the same results.
Because it is significantly affected by outer and middle ear debris it
is less accurate than the ABR in detecting hearing loss. Behavioral
observation audiometry assesses auditory function and perception
and is subject to examiner bias. Visual reinforced audiometry is
insensitive to unilateral hearing loss. The child responds at softer
levels. Further, hearing impaired infants achieve early language
milestones such as smiling, cooing and babbling at the normal times,
making behavioral interpretation less accurate.
◉ Which of the following PRIMARY interventions assists in the
prevention of adolescent depression?
recommending the allocation of social isolation time
anticipatory guidance that mild depression is normal
recommending help from professionals rather than friends
discussing changes associated with adolescence. Answer: discussing
changes associated with adolescence
Health practitioners must engage in early interventions in the
recognition and prevention of adolescent depression, despite the
fact that evidence has not proven success of any specific prevention
, programs. Distancing and social isolation are associated with a lack
of motivation and a spiraling downward in depression but do not
prevent depression. The presence of positive family and peer
relationships aid in the identification and resolution of depression in
adolescents. Studies have found that depression is not part of
normal adolescent behavior. In help seeking behaviors, many
adolescents feel most comfortable reaching out to a friend or
someone who cares about them for validation of their feelings.
Education is the primary issue in prevention of depression. Children
should be educated regarding the changes of adolescence as they
approach this stage and parents and educators should have
education to recognize depression early.
◉ Advice for adolescents on the health risks of smoking cigarettes is
based on current research which has concluded that:
early cigarette initiation age often results in adult nicotine
dependency and is associated with other risk behaviors.
cigarette use frequently decreases as the grade in school increases.
adolescent males are more likely to report cigarette use in the past
thirty days.
pregnant adolescent females are less likely to smoke during
pregnancy than adult women.. Answer: early cigarette initiation age
