RNSG 2213 (M.H.) - Exam 1, Modlule 3:Clinical Assessment and Evidence-
Based Management of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Bipolar I & II,
Cyclothymic Disorder, Postpartum Adaptation, Maternal-Neonatal Attachment,
Psychopharmacology, Mood Stabilization, Delusions, Hallucinations, Positive
and Negative Symptoms, Cognitive Dysfunction, Rapid Cycling, Mixed Episodes,
Lithium Monitoring, Antipsychotic Therapy, Electroconvulsive Therapy,
Psychosocial Interventions, Therapeutic Milieu, Safety and Seclusion Protocols,
Family Education, Crisis Management, Postpartum Hemodynamics, Fundal
Involution, Lochia Assessment, Perineal Healing, Breastfeeding Support, En Face
Bonding, REEDA Wound Evaluation, Kegel Exercises, and Puerperal Adaptation
Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales
Latest Updated 2026
8. Be able to define/differentiate between delusions and hallucinations and give 5 examples of each.
Key Difference:
Delusions involve false beliefs that the mind interprets as real, even when contradictory evidence is
presented.
Hallucinations involve false sensory experiences that feel real, even though nothing is stimulating the
senses.
5 Examples of Delusions:
Persecutory Delusion: Believing that others are plotting to harm or spy on them, such as thinking the
government is monitoring their every move.
Grandiose Delusion: Believing they have exceptional abilities or are famous, such as thinking they are a
famous historical figure or have superpowers.
Referential Delusion: Believing that certain gestures, comments, or events are specifically directed at
them, like thinking a TV show is sending them personal messages.
,Somatic Delusion: Believing something is physically wrong with their body, such as thinking they have an
insect infestation under their skin when there is no evidence.
Erotomanic Delusion: Believing that someone, often a stranger or celebrity, is in love with them despite
no contact or interaction.
5 Examples of Hallucinations:
Auditory Hallucinations: Hearing voices or sounds that aren't there, such as hearing someone calling
their name when alone.
Visual Hallucinations: Seeing people, shapes, or lights that don’t exist, like seeing shadows or figures in
an empty room.
Olfactory Hallucinations: Smelling scents that aren't present, such as the smell of smoke or decay when
there is none.
Tactile Hallucinations: Feeling physical sensations that aren’t happening, such as feeling bugs crawling
on their skin.
Gustatory Hallucinations: Tasting something unusual or unpleasant that isn't there, like tasting metal or
poison in their food.
simple nursing study guides
schizo s/s
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1K3r8iwhbThRDYcFjJwKRG26UqDwvF4bJ/view?usp=sharing
,schizo communication
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wn-5R-G75KHQDQSQ3jwVxEAit_fT-UIc/view?usp=sharing
schizo pharm
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1atdZWt8lYxiAEuU-k8BbonjJwuOZNSO5/view?usp=sharing
antipsychotics
https://drive.google.com/file/d/126Gwf4r4zadI9OSpwfTVLqqjvs89pW1B/view?usp=sharing
simple nursing video links
https://simplenursing.com/video-playlist/?category=schizophrenia
https://simplenursing.com/video-playlist/?category=psych-meds-playlist
osmosis link - schizo
https://youtu.be/PURvJV2SMso?si=OCKIAh4fpL9slK5Q
schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders
A group of disorders on a spectrum
¢We will focus mostly on schizophrenia but be aware:
, Brief psychotic disorder: sudden onset - one month, never happens again
Schizophreniform disorder: one to six months
Schizoaffective disorder: features of schizophrenia and a mood disorder
You will see in personality disorders: schizoid and schizotypal under Cluster A
Schizophrenia - Overview
¢Characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior and other
symptoms that cause substantial social and/ or occupational dysfunctions.
What category do these fall into?
-feeling strange sensations = halucinations
-believing you are close to curing a disease = ideas of grandeur
-believing the police are following you = paranoia
-repeating another person’s words by imitation = echolalia
-extreme purposeless motor activity = hyper-catatonia
¢Symptoms fall into four categories: positive, negative, cognitive and mood ** know the differences
Based Management of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Bipolar I & II,
Cyclothymic Disorder, Postpartum Adaptation, Maternal-Neonatal Attachment,
Psychopharmacology, Mood Stabilization, Delusions, Hallucinations, Positive
and Negative Symptoms, Cognitive Dysfunction, Rapid Cycling, Mixed Episodes,
Lithium Monitoring, Antipsychotic Therapy, Electroconvulsive Therapy,
Psychosocial Interventions, Therapeutic Milieu, Safety and Seclusion Protocols,
Family Education, Crisis Management, Postpartum Hemodynamics, Fundal
Involution, Lochia Assessment, Perineal Healing, Breastfeeding Support, En Face
Bonding, REEDA Wound Evaluation, Kegel Exercises, and Puerperal Adaptation
Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales
Latest Updated 2026
8. Be able to define/differentiate between delusions and hallucinations and give 5 examples of each.
Key Difference:
Delusions involve false beliefs that the mind interprets as real, even when contradictory evidence is
presented.
Hallucinations involve false sensory experiences that feel real, even though nothing is stimulating the
senses.
5 Examples of Delusions:
Persecutory Delusion: Believing that others are plotting to harm or spy on them, such as thinking the
government is monitoring their every move.
Grandiose Delusion: Believing they have exceptional abilities or are famous, such as thinking they are a
famous historical figure or have superpowers.
Referential Delusion: Believing that certain gestures, comments, or events are specifically directed at
them, like thinking a TV show is sending them personal messages.
,Somatic Delusion: Believing something is physically wrong with their body, such as thinking they have an
insect infestation under their skin when there is no evidence.
Erotomanic Delusion: Believing that someone, often a stranger or celebrity, is in love with them despite
no contact or interaction.
5 Examples of Hallucinations:
Auditory Hallucinations: Hearing voices or sounds that aren't there, such as hearing someone calling
their name when alone.
Visual Hallucinations: Seeing people, shapes, or lights that don’t exist, like seeing shadows or figures in
an empty room.
Olfactory Hallucinations: Smelling scents that aren't present, such as the smell of smoke or decay when
there is none.
Tactile Hallucinations: Feeling physical sensations that aren’t happening, such as feeling bugs crawling
on their skin.
Gustatory Hallucinations: Tasting something unusual or unpleasant that isn't there, like tasting metal or
poison in their food.
simple nursing study guides
schizo s/s
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1K3r8iwhbThRDYcFjJwKRG26UqDwvF4bJ/view?usp=sharing
,schizo communication
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wn-5R-G75KHQDQSQ3jwVxEAit_fT-UIc/view?usp=sharing
schizo pharm
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1atdZWt8lYxiAEuU-k8BbonjJwuOZNSO5/view?usp=sharing
antipsychotics
https://drive.google.com/file/d/126Gwf4r4zadI9OSpwfTVLqqjvs89pW1B/view?usp=sharing
simple nursing video links
https://simplenursing.com/video-playlist/?category=schizophrenia
https://simplenursing.com/video-playlist/?category=psych-meds-playlist
osmosis link - schizo
https://youtu.be/PURvJV2SMso?si=OCKIAh4fpL9slK5Q
schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders
A group of disorders on a spectrum
¢We will focus mostly on schizophrenia but be aware:
, Brief psychotic disorder: sudden onset - one month, never happens again
Schizophreniform disorder: one to six months
Schizoaffective disorder: features of schizophrenia and a mood disorder
You will see in personality disorders: schizoid and schizotypal under Cluster A
Schizophrenia - Overview
¢Characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior and other
symptoms that cause substantial social and/ or occupational dysfunctions.
What category do these fall into?
-feeling strange sensations = halucinations
-believing you are close to curing a disease = ideas of grandeur
-believing the police are following you = paranoia
-repeating another person’s words by imitation = echolalia
-extreme purposeless motor activity = hyper-catatonia
¢Symptoms fall into four categories: positive, negative, cognitive and mood ** know the differences
