MGT 400 ASU EXAM 1 CH.2, 14 - 15 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Leadership - Answers -ability of an individual to influence, motivate, and enable others
to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organizations of which they
are members (GLOBE def.)
Global Leader Definition - Answers -must have the skills & the abilities to interact with
and manage people from the diverse cultural backgrounds that populate his or her
multinational company
Global Leaders=The New Breed
What are the three classic models of leadership? - Answers --Leadership traits
-Leader behavior
-Contingency Leadership
Leadership Traits - Answers -(A.K.A Great Person Theory) innate personal qualities
that make for a successful leader
Examples: Alexander the Great, Muhammad
U.S Perspectives On Leadership Behaviors - Answers -Two majors types of leadership
behaviors:
- A task-centered leader
- A person-centered leader
A Task-Centered Leader - Answers -gives specific directions to subordinates so that
they can complete tasks.
A Person-centered leader - Answers -one who focuses on meeting employees' social
and emotional needs
autocratic leadership - Answers -A form of leadership in which the leader makes
decisions on his or her own and then announces those decisions to the group.
democratic leadership - Answers -a leadership style in which managers work with
employees to make decisions
participative leadership - Answers -a leadership style in which the leader consults
employees for their suggestions and input before making decisions
, Japanese Perspectives on Leader Behaviors - Answers -Performance Maintenance
(PM) theory
Performance Maintenance (PM) theory - Answers -P-Performance Function (P) is
similar to task centered leadership, but in this case manager guides subordinates to
achieve increasing levels of group performance
M- Maintenance Function (M) represents behaviors that promote group stability & social
interaction
Contingency Theories - Answers -propose that the effectiveness of a particular style of
leader behavior depends on the situation
Fielder's Contingency Theory - Answers -Proposes that managers tend to be either
task-or person-centered leaders
Depends on three contingencies(or characteristics)
Fielder's contingency theory and the success of the leaders depend on what three
contingencies of the work situation? - Answers --Relationship between leader &
Subordinates
-The degree to which subordinates' tasks are easily and clearly defined
-Formal power of a position (of the leader)
Path-Goal Theory - Answers -a leadership theory that states that leaders can increase
subordinate satisfaction and performance by clarifying and clearing the paths to goals
and by increasing the number and kinds of rewards available for goal attainment
Path-Goal Theory and the four types of leadership styles that a manager might choose
depending on the situation - Answers --Directive Style (specific goals)
-Supportive Style (shows concerns for needs)
-Participative Style (consults with subordinates)
-Achievement- Oriented Style (set goal and reward goal accomplishment)
Leadership example of Toyota (Japan) - Answers -Toyoda understood his leadership
style had to be changed if he expected to lead Toyota out of the crisis
National-Context Contingency Model or leadership - Answers -Model that explains how
culture and related social institutions affect leadership practices, similar to the classic
contingency theories of leadership
How does the National context affect leadership behaviors, traits, and contingencies? -
Answers -Different nations and their cultures preferred certain leader behaviors and
traits, have subordinates with unique characteristics and the work setting may differ.
ANSWERS
Leadership - Answers -ability of an individual to influence, motivate, and enable others
to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organizations of which they
are members (GLOBE def.)
Global Leader Definition - Answers -must have the skills & the abilities to interact with
and manage people from the diverse cultural backgrounds that populate his or her
multinational company
Global Leaders=The New Breed
What are the three classic models of leadership? - Answers --Leadership traits
-Leader behavior
-Contingency Leadership
Leadership Traits - Answers -(A.K.A Great Person Theory) innate personal qualities
that make for a successful leader
Examples: Alexander the Great, Muhammad
U.S Perspectives On Leadership Behaviors - Answers -Two majors types of leadership
behaviors:
- A task-centered leader
- A person-centered leader
A Task-Centered Leader - Answers -gives specific directions to subordinates so that
they can complete tasks.
A Person-centered leader - Answers -one who focuses on meeting employees' social
and emotional needs
autocratic leadership - Answers -A form of leadership in which the leader makes
decisions on his or her own and then announces those decisions to the group.
democratic leadership - Answers -a leadership style in which managers work with
employees to make decisions
participative leadership - Answers -a leadership style in which the leader consults
employees for their suggestions and input before making decisions
, Japanese Perspectives on Leader Behaviors - Answers -Performance Maintenance
(PM) theory
Performance Maintenance (PM) theory - Answers -P-Performance Function (P) is
similar to task centered leadership, but in this case manager guides subordinates to
achieve increasing levels of group performance
M- Maintenance Function (M) represents behaviors that promote group stability & social
interaction
Contingency Theories - Answers -propose that the effectiveness of a particular style of
leader behavior depends on the situation
Fielder's Contingency Theory - Answers -Proposes that managers tend to be either
task-or person-centered leaders
Depends on three contingencies(or characteristics)
Fielder's contingency theory and the success of the leaders depend on what three
contingencies of the work situation? - Answers --Relationship between leader &
Subordinates
-The degree to which subordinates' tasks are easily and clearly defined
-Formal power of a position (of the leader)
Path-Goal Theory - Answers -a leadership theory that states that leaders can increase
subordinate satisfaction and performance by clarifying and clearing the paths to goals
and by increasing the number and kinds of rewards available for goal attainment
Path-Goal Theory and the four types of leadership styles that a manager might choose
depending on the situation - Answers --Directive Style (specific goals)
-Supportive Style (shows concerns for needs)
-Participative Style (consults with subordinates)
-Achievement- Oriented Style (set goal and reward goal accomplishment)
Leadership example of Toyota (Japan) - Answers -Toyoda understood his leadership
style had to be changed if he expected to lead Toyota out of the crisis
National-Context Contingency Model or leadership - Answers -Model that explains how
culture and related social institutions affect leadership practices, similar to the classic
contingency theories of leadership
How does the National context affect leadership behaviors, traits, and contingencies? -
Answers -Different nations and their cultures preferred certain leader behaviors and
traits, have subordinates with unique characteristics and the work setting may differ.
