FCCN 1 2026 EXAMINATION TEST
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ADH (antidiuretic hormone). Answer: - water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
◉ADH pathway. Answer: - hypothalamus senses low blood volumed
and increased serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum
osmolality
◉ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide). Answer: - cardiac hormone stored
in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
,*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing
intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
◉hydrostatic pressure. Answer: - forces fluids and solutes through
the capillary wall and into the tissue spaces
◉colloid osmotic pressure. Answer: - pulling force of albumin in the
intravascular spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
◉maintenance fluid therapy. Answer: - replaces normal ongoing
losses of water and electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
◉replacement therapy. Answer: - corrects any existing water and or
electrolyte deficits
◉isotonic fluids. Answer: - tonicity equal to plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally concentrated
, - LR
- NS
- D5W
◉hypotonic fluids. Answer: - lower concentration of solutes in the
vasculature than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
◉hypertonic fluid. Answer: - higher concentration of solutes in the
vasculature than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
◉colloids. Answer: - pull fluid into bloodstream
Albumin
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ADH (antidiuretic hormone). Answer: - water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
◉ADH pathway. Answer: - hypothalamus senses low blood volumed
and increased serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum
osmolality
◉ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide). Answer: - cardiac hormone stored
in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
,*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing
intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
◉hydrostatic pressure. Answer: - forces fluids and solutes through
the capillary wall and into the tissue spaces
◉colloid osmotic pressure. Answer: - pulling force of albumin in the
intravascular spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
◉maintenance fluid therapy. Answer: - replaces normal ongoing
losses of water and electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
◉replacement therapy. Answer: - corrects any existing water and or
electrolyte deficits
◉isotonic fluids. Answer: - tonicity equal to plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally concentrated
, - LR
- NS
- D5W
◉hypotonic fluids. Answer: - lower concentration of solutes in the
vasculature than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
◉hypertonic fluid. Answer: - higher concentration of solutes in the
vasculature than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
◉colloids. Answer: - pull fluid into bloodstream
Albumin
