JCAHPO COA EXAM PRACTICE REVIEW 2026
TESTED QUESTIONS
◉ Headaches caused by refractive error will not appear during?
Answer: 1. Not appear at night
2. Will not appear during sleep
3. Will not appear when you wake up
◉ Where is the aqueous humor located? Answer: Between the lens
and the cornea.
◉ How many rods are there? Answer: 125 million
◉ Where are the rods located? Answer: In the retina
◉ How many cones are there? Answer: 6 million
◉ Where are the cones located? Answer: In the retina.
◉ Rods are best in what lighting condition? Answer: dim light
◉ Without rods what condition will occur? Answer: night-blindness
,◉ Rods are good in what color light? Answer: Red
◉ What type of drops are used to dilate the eyes? Answer: Mydriatic
drops
◉ What type of drops are used to dilate the eyes and paralyze the
fine focusing muscle for near vision? Answer: Cycloplegic drops
◉ Measuring PD starts from where and ends where? Answer: Nasal
side of right pupil to the temporal side of the pupil on the patients
left eye.
◉ What is Rhodopsin? Answer: Rod pigment. (allows for visual
purple)
◉ Rhodopsin forms in ______ and is destroyed by _____? Answer:
forms in dark, and is destroyed by light
◉ Rhodopsin is composed of what Vitamin? Answer: Vitamin A
(deficiency causes night blindness)
◉ What is Adie's Syndrome? Answer: Tonic Pupil. (pupil responds to
light stimulation very slowly)
,◉ How do you measure a patient's PD when they can only see from
one eye? Answer: measure from center of the pupil of the good eye
to the center of the bridge of the nose
◉ How do you measure a patient's PD when they have unequal
pupils? Answer: measure from nasal side of the limbus of patients
right eye to the temporal side of the limbus of the left eye.
◉ How do you measure a patient's PD when they have a squint?
Answer: Measure from the inner canthus of one eye to the outer
canthus of the opposite eye.
◉ What are the most important disorders to ask patients about?
Answer: Diabetes
High Blood Pressure (HTN)
Heart Health/ Cardiovascular Issues
Arthritis
◉ What are the main symptoms of diplopia? Answer: Loss of
alignment of eyes
(covering one eye will always eliminate the second image)
, ◉ What is the cause of light flashes? Answer: Retinal detachment
◉ What is the cause of Ptosis? Answer: 3rd Nerve palsy or Diabetes
◉ What is the cause of Diplopia? Answer: Thyroid Disorder
Diabetes
3rd Nerve Palsy
Myathenia Gravis
◉ What is the cause of sudden loss of vision? Answer: Macular
degeneration
Retinal Detachment
Retinal Vein or Artery Occlusion
Retrobulbar Neuritis
◉ What is the cause of Foreign Body Sensation (FBS)? Answer:
Corneal Abrasion
Herpes Simplex
◉ What is the cause of blurred distance vision in adults? Answer:
Diabetes
Cataracts
TESTED QUESTIONS
◉ Headaches caused by refractive error will not appear during?
Answer: 1. Not appear at night
2. Will not appear during sleep
3. Will not appear when you wake up
◉ Where is the aqueous humor located? Answer: Between the lens
and the cornea.
◉ How many rods are there? Answer: 125 million
◉ Where are the rods located? Answer: In the retina
◉ How many cones are there? Answer: 6 million
◉ Where are the cones located? Answer: In the retina.
◉ Rods are best in what lighting condition? Answer: dim light
◉ Without rods what condition will occur? Answer: night-blindness
,◉ Rods are good in what color light? Answer: Red
◉ What type of drops are used to dilate the eyes? Answer: Mydriatic
drops
◉ What type of drops are used to dilate the eyes and paralyze the
fine focusing muscle for near vision? Answer: Cycloplegic drops
◉ Measuring PD starts from where and ends where? Answer: Nasal
side of right pupil to the temporal side of the pupil on the patients
left eye.
◉ What is Rhodopsin? Answer: Rod pigment. (allows for visual
purple)
◉ Rhodopsin forms in ______ and is destroyed by _____? Answer:
forms in dark, and is destroyed by light
◉ Rhodopsin is composed of what Vitamin? Answer: Vitamin A
(deficiency causes night blindness)
◉ What is Adie's Syndrome? Answer: Tonic Pupil. (pupil responds to
light stimulation very slowly)
,◉ How do you measure a patient's PD when they can only see from
one eye? Answer: measure from center of the pupil of the good eye
to the center of the bridge of the nose
◉ How do you measure a patient's PD when they have unequal
pupils? Answer: measure from nasal side of the limbus of patients
right eye to the temporal side of the limbus of the left eye.
◉ How do you measure a patient's PD when they have a squint?
Answer: Measure from the inner canthus of one eye to the outer
canthus of the opposite eye.
◉ What are the most important disorders to ask patients about?
Answer: Diabetes
High Blood Pressure (HTN)
Heart Health/ Cardiovascular Issues
Arthritis
◉ What are the main symptoms of diplopia? Answer: Loss of
alignment of eyes
(covering one eye will always eliminate the second image)
, ◉ What is the cause of light flashes? Answer: Retinal detachment
◉ What is the cause of Ptosis? Answer: 3rd Nerve palsy or Diabetes
◉ What is the cause of Diplopia? Answer: Thyroid Disorder
Diabetes
3rd Nerve Palsy
Myathenia Gravis
◉ What is the cause of sudden loss of vision? Answer: Macular
degeneration
Retinal Detachment
Retinal Vein or Artery Occlusion
Retrobulbar Neuritis
◉ What is the cause of Foreign Body Sensation (FBS)? Answer:
Corneal Abrasion
Herpes Simplex
◉ What is the cause of blurred distance vision in adults? Answer:
Diabetes
Cataracts
