Page 1 of 64
ACVPM EPIDEMIOLOGY AND BIOSTATS EXAM
2026 BANK ALL COMPLETE (273) CURRENT
TESTING QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
CORRECT ANSWERS|GUARANTEED PASS.
ACVPM
Prepare for the ACVPM Epidemiology and Biostats Exam with
this concise study resource covering study design, data
analysis, and population health concepts. It reinforces key
topics aligned with certification standards from the American
College of Veterinary Preventive Medicine. Suitable for
veterinary and public health professionals preparing for ACVPM
certification exams.
what are the two major modes of transmission ✓ ✓ ......
ANSWER ....... horizontal (direct, indirect, airborne), and
vertical (in utero and colostrum)
describe mechanisms of direct transmission mode ✓ ✓
...... ANSWER ....... direct contact, droplet spread
describe mechanisms of indirect transmission mode ✓ ✓
...... ANSWER ....... vehicle borne - fomite, vector borne -
, Page 2 of 64
mechanical or biological (think env contamination and
intermediate hosts)
describe biological transmission via vectors ✓ ✓ ......
ANSWER ....... requires multiplication, cyclic
development or both before vector can transmit infective
form - period called extrinsic incubation period (versus
intrinsic required for host to become infective), disease
agent transmitted vertical (transovarial) or horizontal
(transstadial - through stages)
what are two mechanisms of airborne transmission ✓ ✓
...... ANSWER ....... droplet nuclei (small residues from
evaporation of fluid from droplets) and dust - airborne
transmission involves disseminations of microbial aerosols
that are particle suspensions in air consisting of disease
agents
define communicability ✓ ✓ ...... ANSWER ....... the ease
with which a disease agent is spread within a population and
expressed by the basic repro number (R knot)
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what are the 3 time periods of life cycle of disease agent ✓
✓ ...... ANSWER ....... 1) prepatent (intrinsic incubation
period) 2) communicable period 3) extrinsic incubation
period
what is minimal infective dose ✓ ✓ ...... ANSWER .......
the lower this dose is the more readily agent is transmitted
describe droplets in transmission of disease agent ✓ ✓ ......
ANSWER ....... size wise > 100 micrometers in diameter,
settling velocity is > 1 foot/second, suspension time < 3
secs, flight range = 1-2m
describe dust and droplet nuclei in transmission ✓ ✓ ......
ANSWER ....... BOTH are SMALLER than droplets by direct
projection - dust particles sized 10-100 micrometers in
diameter, settling velocity 1foot/min - 1 foot/sec, hover in
clouds and can be removed by filtration and electrostatic
precipitation, reduce by cleaning air and moisten or oil
contaminated sources
droplet nuclei sized 2-10 micrometer diameter, settling
velocity < 1 foot/min, most efficient dispersal in confined
places, suspension time limited by ventilation, can be
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removed from air by electrostatic precipitation and droplet
spread reduced via sanitary ventilation (air
change/disinfection)
what are the most common economic modeling approaches
in vet med ✓ ✓ ...... ANSWER ....... partial budgeting,
cost-benefit analysis, decision analysis
describe partial budgeting ✓ ✓ ...... ANSWER ....... Fixed
costs (labor, machinery, operating building, rent) are
excluded. Places farm budget items into 1) additional
returns (due to adoption of proposed control program) 2)
forgone returns (income lost from reduced number of culled
animals) 3) additional costs incurred (due to control
procedure such as drugs), 4) costs no longer incurred (vet
expenses). Adopt control program if 1 + 4 > 2 + 3
describe benefit-cost analysis ✓ ✓ ...... ANSWER ....... to
estimate profitability of disease control over an extended
period of time. 3 elements involved 1) enumeration of
benefits and costs 2) selection and application for a
discount rate to benefits and costs 3) specification of a
decision criterion.
ACVPM EPIDEMIOLOGY AND BIOSTATS EXAM
2026 BANK ALL COMPLETE (273) CURRENT
TESTING QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
CORRECT ANSWERS|GUARANTEED PASS.
ACVPM
Prepare for the ACVPM Epidemiology and Biostats Exam with
this concise study resource covering study design, data
analysis, and population health concepts. It reinforces key
topics aligned with certification standards from the American
College of Veterinary Preventive Medicine. Suitable for
veterinary and public health professionals preparing for ACVPM
certification exams.
what are the two major modes of transmission ✓ ✓ ......
ANSWER ....... horizontal (direct, indirect, airborne), and
vertical (in utero and colostrum)
describe mechanisms of direct transmission mode ✓ ✓
...... ANSWER ....... direct contact, droplet spread
describe mechanisms of indirect transmission mode ✓ ✓
...... ANSWER ....... vehicle borne - fomite, vector borne -
, Page 2 of 64
mechanical or biological (think env contamination and
intermediate hosts)
describe biological transmission via vectors ✓ ✓ ......
ANSWER ....... requires multiplication, cyclic
development or both before vector can transmit infective
form - period called extrinsic incubation period (versus
intrinsic required for host to become infective), disease
agent transmitted vertical (transovarial) or horizontal
(transstadial - through stages)
what are two mechanisms of airborne transmission ✓ ✓
...... ANSWER ....... droplet nuclei (small residues from
evaporation of fluid from droplets) and dust - airborne
transmission involves disseminations of microbial aerosols
that are particle suspensions in air consisting of disease
agents
define communicability ✓ ✓ ...... ANSWER ....... the ease
with which a disease agent is spread within a population and
expressed by the basic repro number (R knot)
, Page 3 of 64
what are the 3 time periods of life cycle of disease agent ✓
✓ ...... ANSWER ....... 1) prepatent (intrinsic incubation
period) 2) communicable period 3) extrinsic incubation
period
what is minimal infective dose ✓ ✓ ...... ANSWER .......
the lower this dose is the more readily agent is transmitted
describe droplets in transmission of disease agent ✓ ✓ ......
ANSWER ....... size wise > 100 micrometers in diameter,
settling velocity is > 1 foot/second, suspension time < 3
secs, flight range = 1-2m
describe dust and droplet nuclei in transmission ✓ ✓ ......
ANSWER ....... BOTH are SMALLER than droplets by direct
projection - dust particles sized 10-100 micrometers in
diameter, settling velocity 1foot/min - 1 foot/sec, hover in
clouds and can be removed by filtration and electrostatic
precipitation, reduce by cleaning air and moisten or oil
contaminated sources
droplet nuclei sized 2-10 micrometer diameter, settling
velocity < 1 foot/min, most efficient dispersal in confined
places, suspension time limited by ventilation, can be
, Page 4 of 64
removed from air by electrostatic precipitation and droplet
spread reduced via sanitary ventilation (air
change/disinfection)
what are the most common economic modeling approaches
in vet med ✓ ✓ ...... ANSWER ....... partial budgeting,
cost-benefit analysis, decision analysis
describe partial budgeting ✓ ✓ ...... ANSWER ....... Fixed
costs (labor, machinery, operating building, rent) are
excluded. Places farm budget items into 1) additional
returns (due to adoption of proposed control program) 2)
forgone returns (income lost from reduced number of culled
animals) 3) additional costs incurred (due to control
procedure such as drugs), 4) costs no longer incurred (vet
expenses). Adopt control program if 1 + 4 > 2 + 3
describe benefit-cost analysis ✓ ✓ ...... ANSWER ....... to
estimate profitability of disease control over an extended
period of time. 3 elements involved 1) enumeration of
benefits and costs 2) selection and application for a
discount rate to benefits and costs 3) specification of a
decision criterion.
