DocGuy
ANATOMY
Medicine Made Simple
, PHARYNX
Introduction
Fibromuscular tube
Anteriorly incomplete open into nasal cavity, oral cavity and larynx, posteriorly in front of prevertebral muscle.
Acts as a common entrance for RS & GIT
Base of the skull=> => Soft palate=> => Tip of Epiglottis => =>Esophagus
1.Nasopharynx 2. Oropharynx 3. Laryngopharynx
[Pharyngeal isthmus][C6]
Extent
Superiorly => Base of the skull –pterygomandibular raphe, mandible, hamulus
Medial pterygoid plate
Pharyngotympanic tube
Petrous temporal
Basal part of Occipital
Inferiorly => Esophagus
Anteriorly => From above downwards – Posterior nasal apertures [Choanae]
Oropharyngeal isthmus
Laryngeal inlet
Posteriorly =>Vertebral column
On either side => styloid process and muscles attached to it
Common carotid, internal and external carotid arteries
Waldeyer’s Lymphatic ring
Several aggregations of lymphoid tissues in relation to naso-oropharyngeal isthmus
Most important, right and left palatine tonsils (Between palatoglossus and palatopharyngeal arches)
Nasopharyngeal tonsils (posteriorly and above)
Tubal tonsils (laterally and above on tubal elevation)
Lingual tonsils (inferiorly at dorsum of tongue)
All lymphatics ultimately drain into deep
cervical lymph nodes
Pharyngeal wall
From inside to outside
• Mucosa
• Submucosa
• Pharyngobasilar fascia: Thickest in upper part
From pharyngeal raphe posteriorly, Deficient below superior
constrictor
1
ANATOMY
Medicine Made Simple
, PHARYNX
Introduction
Fibromuscular tube
Anteriorly incomplete open into nasal cavity, oral cavity and larynx, posteriorly in front of prevertebral muscle.
Acts as a common entrance for RS & GIT
Base of the skull=> => Soft palate=> => Tip of Epiglottis => =>Esophagus
1.Nasopharynx 2. Oropharynx 3. Laryngopharynx
[Pharyngeal isthmus][C6]
Extent
Superiorly => Base of the skull –pterygomandibular raphe, mandible, hamulus
Medial pterygoid plate
Pharyngotympanic tube
Petrous temporal
Basal part of Occipital
Inferiorly => Esophagus
Anteriorly => From above downwards – Posterior nasal apertures [Choanae]
Oropharyngeal isthmus
Laryngeal inlet
Posteriorly =>Vertebral column
On either side => styloid process and muscles attached to it
Common carotid, internal and external carotid arteries
Waldeyer’s Lymphatic ring
Several aggregations of lymphoid tissues in relation to naso-oropharyngeal isthmus
Most important, right and left palatine tonsils (Between palatoglossus and palatopharyngeal arches)
Nasopharyngeal tonsils (posteriorly and above)
Tubal tonsils (laterally and above on tubal elevation)
Lingual tonsils (inferiorly at dorsum of tongue)
All lymphatics ultimately drain into deep
cervical lymph nodes
Pharyngeal wall
From inside to outside
• Mucosa
• Submucosa
• Pharyngobasilar fascia: Thickest in upper part
From pharyngeal raphe posteriorly, Deficient below superior
constrictor
1
