SURGERY EOR EXAM [PAEA
BLUEPRINT] EXAM (2026) WITH
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How should syncope be initially evaluated? - ANSWERS-It is important to distinguish
syncope from cardiac arrest from other nonsyncopal conditions causing LOC
Syncope d/d: Prodrome or aura usually associated with ____. - ANSWERS-seizures (as
is loss of continence)
Cardiac syncope's onset is usually ____without a prodrome. Monitor vitals regularly,
EKG, orthostatic challenge, neuro exam etc. - ANSWERS-sudden
In a surgery patient with dyspnea on exertion, what should be ruled out? - ANSWERS-
PE or pneumothorax
What are some chronic dyspnea on exertion causes? - ANSWERS-asthma, COPD,
interstitial lung disease, myocardial dysfunction, obesity
,What are some acute dyspnea on exertion causes? - ANSWERS-angioedema,
anaphylaxis, foreign objects, airway trauma, pulmonary infection, pleural effusion,
peritonitis/ruptured viscous, bowel obstruction
__________is pain, cramping, or both of the lower extremity (usually calf muscle) after
walking a specific distance; then resolves for a specific amount of time while standing. -
ANSWERS-Claudication
What is claudication associated with? - ANSWERS-peripheral vascular occlusion
D/D of lower extremity claudication? - ANSWERS-neurogenic/nerve entrapment/discs,
arthritis, coartation of the aorta, popliteal artery syndrome, neuromas, anemia, diabetic
neuropathy pain
A _________is an abnormal dilation of an artery. Involve all layers of the arterial wall. -
ANSWERS-aneurysm
_______is the most important anesthetic complication. Anesthesia causes an
uncontrolled increase in skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism, which overwhelms the
body's capacity to supply oxygen, remove CO2, and regulative body temperature. -
ANSWERS-Malignant hyperthermia
If patient is hyperkalemic (normal range 3.8-5.0), how should you treat the patient? -
ANSWERS-treat with glucose/insulin, and calcium +/-bicarb
_______is the reversing agent for opiods. - ANSWERS-Naloxone
_______is the reversing agent for benzodiazipines. - ANSWERS-Flumazenil
What is the best indicator used to monitor nutritional status? - ANSWERS-prealbumin -
every 2-3 days
,_________require central access and indicated when no enteral feeding for > 7 days. -
ANSWERS-TPN - total peripheral nutrition
Guidelines for the use of antibiotics include administration within _______ of surgery
and redosing after 4 hours. What is the abx of choice? - ANSWERS-1 hour
Abx of choice: cefazolin for all except colorectal then cefazolin/metronidazole
Pre-op -- Metabolic disease/syndrome -- what are the 5 criteria? - ANSWERS-3/5 to
diagnose:
1 - diabetes
2 - central obesity
3 - HTN
4 - high serum triglycerrides
5 - low HDL levels
______should be monitored before surgery bc it is a stimulant and vasoconstrictor --
can lead to severe tachycardia - ANSWERS-Cocaine
Pre-Op -- What are the indications for EKG and CXR? - ANSWERS-EKG - men >40,
women>50, known CAD, DM, or HTN
CXR - age >50, known cardiac or pulmonary disease
What are the 5 classic "W's" of post operative fever? - ANSWERS-W - wind
(atelectasis)
W - water (UTI)
W - wound (wound infection)
W - walking (DVT/thrombophlebitis)
W - wonder drugs (drug fever)
If the post op fever occurs within the first 24 hours of surgery, what is the most likely
cause? - ANSWERS-wind/atelectasis
, If the post op fever occurs within days 3-5 post op, what is the most likely cause? -
ANSWERS-water/UTI, catheter related phlebitis, pneumonia
If the post op fever occurs within days 5-10 post op, what is the most likely cause? -
ANSWERS-wound infection, pneumonia, abscess, infected hematoma, C diff colitis,
anastomotic leak, DVT, peritoneal abscess, drug fever, PE, parotitis
The _________is the most important part of the history before surgery. - ANSWERS-
cardiac history -- history of MI, unstable angina, valvular disease
In patients with known cardiac disease, aggressive intraoperative lowering of
myocardial oxygen demand with ____ has been shown in RCT's to improve outcomes
and should be used. - ANSWERS-beta blockers
When accessing cardiac disease prior to surgery, what is the most important thing to
access? - ANSWERS-aortic stenosis -- crescendo diastolic rumble at apex
_______is the most common pathogen in wound infections and around foreign bodies. -
ANSWERS-Staph aureus
_______invades the inner ear and enteric tissues as well as the lung. - ANSWERS-
Klebsiella
______organisms are often found together with anaerobes. - ANSWERS-Enteric
organisms ie. enterobacteriaceae and enterococci
Among the anaerobes, ___&___are often present in surgical infections and
_____species are major pathogens in ischemic tissue. - ANSWERS-Bacteroides &
Peptostreptococci; Clostridium
___&___are usually nonpathogenic surface contaminants but may be opportunistic.
BLUEPRINT] EXAM (2026) WITH
Recent Newest Verified And Well
ANALYZED Questions EXAM (Actual
Exam) 2026-2027 ACTUAL (2026)
COMPLETE EXAM Questions With
Correct Detailed & Verified ANSWERS
(100% Accurate Solutions) ||ALREADY
GRADED A+||Exam Guarantee Pass!!
How should syncope be initially evaluated? - ANSWERS-It is important to distinguish
syncope from cardiac arrest from other nonsyncopal conditions causing LOC
Syncope d/d: Prodrome or aura usually associated with ____. - ANSWERS-seizures (as
is loss of continence)
Cardiac syncope's onset is usually ____without a prodrome. Monitor vitals regularly,
EKG, orthostatic challenge, neuro exam etc. - ANSWERS-sudden
In a surgery patient with dyspnea on exertion, what should be ruled out? - ANSWERS-
PE or pneumothorax
What are some chronic dyspnea on exertion causes? - ANSWERS-asthma, COPD,
interstitial lung disease, myocardial dysfunction, obesity
,What are some acute dyspnea on exertion causes? - ANSWERS-angioedema,
anaphylaxis, foreign objects, airway trauma, pulmonary infection, pleural effusion,
peritonitis/ruptured viscous, bowel obstruction
__________is pain, cramping, or both of the lower extremity (usually calf muscle) after
walking a specific distance; then resolves for a specific amount of time while standing. -
ANSWERS-Claudication
What is claudication associated with? - ANSWERS-peripheral vascular occlusion
D/D of lower extremity claudication? - ANSWERS-neurogenic/nerve entrapment/discs,
arthritis, coartation of the aorta, popliteal artery syndrome, neuromas, anemia, diabetic
neuropathy pain
A _________is an abnormal dilation of an artery. Involve all layers of the arterial wall. -
ANSWERS-aneurysm
_______is the most important anesthetic complication. Anesthesia causes an
uncontrolled increase in skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism, which overwhelms the
body's capacity to supply oxygen, remove CO2, and regulative body temperature. -
ANSWERS-Malignant hyperthermia
If patient is hyperkalemic (normal range 3.8-5.0), how should you treat the patient? -
ANSWERS-treat with glucose/insulin, and calcium +/-bicarb
_______is the reversing agent for opiods. - ANSWERS-Naloxone
_______is the reversing agent for benzodiazipines. - ANSWERS-Flumazenil
What is the best indicator used to monitor nutritional status? - ANSWERS-prealbumin -
every 2-3 days
,_________require central access and indicated when no enteral feeding for > 7 days. -
ANSWERS-TPN - total peripheral nutrition
Guidelines for the use of antibiotics include administration within _______ of surgery
and redosing after 4 hours. What is the abx of choice? - ANSWERS-1 hour
Abx of choice: cefazolin for all except colorectal then cefazolin/metronidazole
Pre-op -- Metabolic disease/syndrome -- what are the 5 criteria? - ANSWERS-3/5 to
diagnose:
1 - diabetes
2 - central obesity
3 - HTN
4 - high serum triglycerrides
5 - low HDL levels
______should be monitored before surgery bc it is a stimulant and vasoconstrictor --
can lead to severe tachycardia - ANSWERS-Cocaine
Pre-Op -- What are the indications for EKG and CXR? - ANSWERS-EKG - men >40,
women>50, known CAD, DM, or HTN
CXR - age >50, known cardiac or pulmonary disease
What are the 5 classic "W's" of post operative fever? - ANSWERS-W - wind
(atelectasis)
W - water (UTI)
W - wound (wound infection)
W - walking (DVT/thrombophlebitis)
W - wonder drugs (drug fever)
If the post op fever occurs within the first 24 hours of surgery, what is the most likely
cause? - ANSWERS-wind/atelectasis
, If the post op fever occurs within days 3-5 post op, what is the most likely cause? -
ANSWERS-water/UTI, catheter related phlebitis, pneumonia
If the post op fever occurs within days 5-10 post op, what is the most likely cause? -
ANSWERS-wound infection, pneumonia, abscess, infected hematoma, C diff colitis,
anastomotic leak, DVT, peritoneal abscess, drug fever, PE, parotitis
The _________is the most important part of the history before surgery. - ANSWERS-
cardiac history -- history of MI, unstable angina, valvular disease
In patients with known cardiac disease, aggressive intraoperative lowering of
myocardial oxygen demand with ____ has been shown in RCT's to improve outcomes
and should be used. - ANSWERS-beta blockers
When accessing cardiac disease prior to surgery, what is the most important thing to
access? - ANSWERS-aortic stenosis -- crescendo diastolic rumble at apex
_______is the most common pathogen in wound infections and around foreign bodies. -
ANSWERS-Staph aureus
_______invades the inner ear and enteric tissues as well as the lung. - ANSWERS-
Klebsiella
______organisms are often found together with anaerobes. - ANSWERS-Enteric
organisms ie. enterobacteriaceae and enterococci
Among the anaerobes, ___&___are often present in surgical infections and
_____species are major pathogens in ischemic tissue. - ANSWERS-Bacteroides &
Peptostreptococci; Clostridium
___&___are usually nonpathogenic surface contaminants but may be opportunistic.
