Antivirals, Antituberculars, Antineoplastics, Hormonal
Therapies, Immunomodulators, Colony Stimulating Factors,
and Antiemetics — Mechanisms, Spectrum, and Clinical
Applications Exam Questions Verified and Provided with
Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Tazobactam + piperacillin
β-lactamase Inhibitor + Penicillin Combo, Gen. IV
clindamycin (Cleocin)
lincosamide antibiotic;
protein synthesis inhibitor; bacteriostatic; adverse effect C. diff associated disease (CDAD)
Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)
urinary tract antiseptic
Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)
Urinary Tract Analgesic
Vancomycin (Vancocin) (aka Vanc)
miscellaneous antibiotics class: bacteriacidal - inhibits cell wall synthesis
Indication: life threatening infections, sepsis, C-diff, MRSA, endocarditis
, Metronidazole (Flagyl)
Antimicrobial= Antibacterial/Antiprotozoal:
bacteriacidal - inhibits DNA replication/causes strand breakage.
Treats C-diff, bacterial vaginosis (trich), amoebic dysentery
Warning: NO ALCOHOL= disulfiriam like reaction
ethambutal (Myambutol)
Antitubercular
isonazid (INH, Nydazid)
Antitubercular
Rifampin (Rifadin)
Antitubercular
stains urine & tears
pyrazinamide (Tebrazide)
Antitubercular
amantadine (Symmetrel)
Antiviral:
for Influenza A