Kines 350 exam 1 PSU
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9udjvr
1. Skeletal
What are the three types of muscle? 2. Cardiac
3. Smooth
what are the two types of striated muscle? skeletal and cardiac
- striated, tubular and multinucleated fibers.
define characteristics of skeletal muscle - typically connected to the skeleton
- is voluntary
Skeletal muscle is involuntary (T or F) False
- striated, tubular, branched, uninucleate fibers
define characteristic of cardiac muscle - occurs in the walls of the heart
- involuntary
- narrow, tapered rod-shaped cells
- non striated
define characteristics of smooth muscle - uninucleate fibers
- occurs in walls of internal organs and blood vessels
- is involuntary
1. anatomical: muscle fascicles
skeletal muscle structure (levels of organization; anatom-
2. cellular: muscle fibers
ical-> cellular -> molecular)
3. molecular: myofibrils
muscle, fascicles, fibers, myofibrils, sarcomeres, myosin
levels of organization: muscle
and actin
what surrounds the entire muscle? epimysium
The Epimysium consists of... many bundles called fasciculi
fasciculi are surrounded by perimysium
perimysium consists of individual muscle cells or muscle fibers
muscle fibers are surrounded by endomysium
muscle fibers consist of
, Kines 350 exam 1 PSU
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9udjvr
myofibrils divided into sarcomeres (actin, myosin, en-
zymes, substrates, nuclei)
mass muscle structure goes from ______ to _______ to
epimysium to perimysium to endomysium
_______
the structure that is seen on a piece of meat that surrounds
define the mass muscle structure: epimysium
the other layers
define the mass muscle structure: perimysium wraps muscle fascicles
define the mass muscle structure: endomysium layer between individual muscle fibers
a) sarcolemma
b) sarcoplasm
what is the structure of the muscle fiber: (cellular)?
c) T-tubules (run around myofibrils)
d) myofibrils)
- replacing nuclei to help the muscle repair
- reserve cells of the muscle
what is the function of satellite cells?
- muscle development, growth, repair
- activated in response to injury and training
- keeps the cytoplasmic fluid inside fiber
- fuses with the tendon
Structure of the muscle fiber: sarcolemma (plasmalemma)
- conducts action potentials
- separates nuclei from satellite cells
- cytoplasm of muscle cell
Structure of the muscle fiber: sarcoplasm
- contains organelles, glycogen, myoglobin
Structure of the muscle fiber: transverse tubules - invagination of plasmalemma
(T-tubules) - carry action potentials deep into muscle fiber
- Ca2+ storage
Structure of the muscle fiber: sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
- release and uptake during muscle contraction
how does a action potential enter the cell?
, Kines 350 exam 1 PSU
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9udjvr
it enters through the holes of the sarcolemma, reaches
the T-tubules which spreads the action potential over the
entire muscle
what is a function of the sarcolemma? conduct action potentials
what is a function of T tubules? allow calcium into the sarcolemma
what is a function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum? hold calcium and release when muscle is ready to contract
what is a myofibril? - contractile elements of the muscle cell (actin, myosin, etc)
what is the organization of a muscle? muscle -> fasciculi -> muscle fiber -> myofibril
what is a sarcomere? contractile unit of skeletal muscle
how is a sarcomere formed? formed by the organized arrangement of the myofibrils
- repeated units span "end to end" if the full myofibril
what is the structure of a sarcomere? length
- can be added in series and in parallel
what is the distinctive feature of a sarcomere? striated appearances (banding pattern)
a) A-band: dark stripes
b) I-band: light stripes
what makes up a sarcomere? c) H-zone: middle of A-band
d) M-line: middle of H-zone
e) Z-disc: common boundary
myosin is more dense then actin which creates a darker
why are the thick filaments dark in color?
color
actin is less dense then myosin which creates that lighter
why are thin filaments lighter in color?
color
- appears lighter under a micro scope
characteristics of actin - major component of the I-band
- anchored to the z-disk
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9udjvr
1. Skeletal
What are the three types of muscle? 2. Cardiac
3. Smooth
what are the two types of striated muscle? skeletal and cardiac
- striated, tubular and multinucleated fibers.
define characteristics of skeletal muscle - typically connected to the skeleton
- is voluntary
Skeletal muscle is involuntary (T or F) False
- striated, tubular, branched, uninucleate fibers
define characteristic of cardiac muscle - occurs in the walls of the heart
- involuntary
- narrow, tapered rod-shaped cells
- non striated
define characteristics of smooth muscle - uninucleate fibers
- occurs in walls of internal organs and blood vessels
- is involuntary
1. anatomical: muscle fascicles
skeletal muscle structure (levels of organization; anatom-
2. cellular: muscle fibers
ical-> cellular -> molecular)
3. molecular: myofibrils
muscle, fascicles, fibers, myofibrils, sarcomeres, myosin
levels of organization: muscle
and actin
what surrounds the entire muscle? epimysium
The Epimysium consists of... many bundles called fasciculi
fasciculi are surrounded by perimysium
perimysium consists of individual muscle cells or muscle fibers
muscle fibers are surrounded by endomysium
muscle fibers consist of
, Kines 350 exam 1 PSU
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9udjvr
myofibrils divided into sarcomeres (actin, myosin, en-
zymes, substrates, nuclei)
mass muscle structure goes from ______ to _______ to
epimysium to perimysium to endomysium
_______
the structure that is seen on a piece of meat that surrounds
define the mass muscle structure: epimysium
the other layers
define the mass muscle structure: perimysium wraps muscle fascicles
define the mass muscle structure: endomysium layer between individual muscle fibers
a) sarcolemma
b) sarcoplasm
what is the structure of the muscle fiber: (cellular)?
c) T-tubules (run around myofibrils)
d) myofibrils)
- replacing nuclei to help the muscle repair
- reserve cells of the muscle
what is the function of satellite cells?
- muscle development, growth, repair
- activated in response to injury and training
- keeps the cytoplasmic fluid inside fiber
- fuses with the tendon
Structure of the muscle fiber: sarcolemma (plasmalemma)
- conducts action potentials
- separates nuclei from satellite cells
- cytoplasm of muscle cell
Structure of the muscle fiber: sarcoplasm
- contains organelles, glycogen, myoglobin
Structure of the muscle fiber: transverse tubules - invagination of plasmalemma
(T-tubules) - carry action potentials deep into muscle fiber
- Ca2+ storage
Structure of the muscle fiber: sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
- release and uptake during muscle contraction
how does a action potential enter the cell?
, Kines 350 exam 1 PSU
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9udjvr
it enters through the holes of the sarcolemma, reaches
the T-tubules which spreads the action potential over the
entire muscle
what is a function of the sarcolemma? conduct action potentials
what is a function of T tubules? allow calcium into the sarcolemma
what is a function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum? hold calcium and release when muscle is ready to contract
what is a myofibril? - contractile elements of the muscle cell (actin, myosin, etc)
what is the organization of a muscle? muscle -> fasciculi -> muscle fiber -> myofibril
what is a sarcomere? contractile unit of skeletal muscle
how is a sarcomere formed? formed by the organized arrangement of the myofibrils
- repeated units span "end to end" if the full myofibril
what is the structure of a sarcomere? length
- can be added in series and in parallel
what is the distinctive feature of a sarcomere? striated appearances (banding pattern)
a) A-band: dark stripes
b) I-band: light stripes
what makes up a sarcomere? c) H-zone: middle of A-band
d) M-line: middle of H-zone
e) Z-disc: common boundary
myosin is more dense then actin which creates a darker
why are the thick filaments dark in color?
color
actin is less dense then myosin which creates that lighter
why are thin filaments lighter in color?
color
- appears lighter under a micro scope
characteristics of actin - major component of the I-band
- anchored to the z-disk
