1|Page
BMS 300 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026.
Camillo Golgi was a - ANSWER-reticularist
Santiago Ramon y Cajal was a - ANSWER-cellularist and the father of
the neuron doctrine
The dentrite is
a. input
b. conductile
c. output - ANSWER-a
the axon is
a. input
b. conductile
c. output - ANSWER-b
The axon terminal is
a. input
b. conductile
c. output - ANSWER-c
Protein synthesis occurs in the
a. cell body
b. axon
c. dentrite
d. terminal - ANSWER-a
the input region lacks ___, but contains ____
a. ligand-gated channels, voltage gated channels
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b. K+ leak channels, voltage gated channels
c. voltage-gated channels, ligand gated channels
d. ligand-gated channels, K+ leak channels - ANSWER-c
The fast axoplasmic transport includes proteins from the __________
and transported on ___________. The slow axoplasmic transport
includes proteins from the ____________.
a. rough ER, microtubules, cytoplasm
b. microtubules, cytoplasm, rough ER
c. cytoplasm, rough ER, microtubules - ANSWER-a
Proteins are transported via axoplasmic transport at slow rates (0.5 to 2
mm per day) and fast rates (200 to 400 mm per day). The difference in
transport rate directly results from:
a. the difference in the time spend per day in transport
b. the site where the protein is synthesized
c. the substrate molecule used by the motor protein
d. the motor protein used to transport the proteins - ANSWER-a
In resting condition, ____ is high outside the cell and ___ is high inside
the cell.
a. Na+, K+
b. K+, Na+ - ANSWER-a
The resting membrane potential is approximately
a. +40 mv
b. -40 mv
c. -70 mv
d. +70 mv - ANSWER-c
T or F on the dendrite or input region of a neuron has ion channels -
ANSWER-F
What is equilibrium potential? - ANSWER-when the electrical gradient
is equal and opposite to the chemical gradient
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Schwann call are located in the ___ and oligodendrocytes are found in
the ____
a. PNS, CNS
b. CNS, PNS - ANSWER-a
What are functions of astrocytes
-regulate extracellular K+ concentrations
-clear out excess amounts of neurotransmitters
-form concentric rings around neurons
-surround the synaptic cleft between neurons - ANSWER-regulate
extracellular K+ concentrations, clear out excess amounts of
neurotransmitters, surround the synaptic cleft between neurons
The concentric rings formed by oligodendrocytes are called
a. schwann cells
b. astrocytes
c. myelin - ANSWER-c
What channels are located exclusively at the Nodes of Ranvier?
-VG K+ channels
-VG Na+ channels
-VA Ca2+ channels
-VA Cl- channels - ANSWER-VA K+ channels, VG Na+ channels
To clear neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft in the central nervous
system, there are cells that contain transmembrane proteins that
simultaneously bind Na + and the neurotransmitter glutamate. This
transmembrane protein then simultaneously transports them into the
cell's cytoplasm. The cell type where you would expect to find such
transporters would be the:
a. astrocyte
b. oligodendrocyte
c. Schwann
d neuron - ANSWER-a
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What two ions are responsible for establishing an equilibrium between
the electrical and chemical gradients? - ANSWER-K+, anions
The Nernst potential equation depends on - ANSWER-charge on ions,
concentration of ions outside of cell, concentration of ions inside the
cell, temperature
T or F The membrane potential seeks the equilibrium potential of the ion
whose permeability is dominant - ANSWER-T
When gated Na+ channels close, what ion is responsible for bringing the
membrane back to resting membrane potential?
a. Cl-
b. Na+
c. K+
d. anions - ANSWER-c
Cells that maintain the extracellular environment in the central nervous
system by pumping sodium and potassium ions and mopping up excess
neurotransmitter are:
a. astrocytes
b. schwann cells
c. mircoglia
d. oligodendrocytes - ANSWER-a
What is the function and description of a dendrite - ANSWER-input
region, usually characterized by ligand gated channels
What is the function and description of an axon - ANSWER-conductile
region, characterized by voltage gated channels
What is the function and description of an axon terminal - ANSWER-
output region, characterized by SNARE proteins
BMS 300 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026.
Camillo Golgi was a - ANSWER-reticularist
Santiago Ramon y Cajal was a - ANSWER-cellularist and the father of
the neuron doctrine
The dentrite is
a. input
b. conductile
c. output - ANSWER-a
the axon is
a. input
b. conductile
c. output - ANSWER-b
The axon terminal is
a. input
b. conductile
c. output - ANSWER-c
Protein synthesis occurs in the
a. cell body
b. axon
c. dentrite
d. terminal - ANSWER-a
the input region lacks ___, but contains ____
a. ligand-gated channels, voltage gated channels
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b. K+ leak channels, voltage gated channels
c. voltage-gated channels, ligand gated channels
d. ligand-gated channels, K+ leak channels - ANSWER-c
The fast axoplasmic transport includes proteins from the __________
and transported on ___________. The slow axoplasmic transport
includes proteins from the ____________.
a. rough ER, microtubules, cytoplasm
b. microtubules, cytoplasm, rough ER
c. cytoplasm, rough ER, microtubules - ANSWER-a
Proteins are transported via axoplasmic transport at slow rates (0.5 to 2
mm per day) and fast rates (200 to 400 mm per day). The difference in
transport rate directly results from:
a. the difference in the time spend per day in transport
b. the site where the protein is synthesized
c. the substrate molecule used by the motor protein
d. the motor protein used to transport the proteins - ANSWER-a
In resting condition, ____ is high outside the cell and ___ is high inside
the cell.
a. Na+, K+
b. K+, Na+ - ANSWER-a
The resting membrane potential is approximately
a. +40 mv
b. -40 mv
c. -70 mv
d. +70 mv - ANSWER-c
T or F on the dendrite or input region of a neuron has ion channels -
ANSWER-F
What is equilibrium potential? - ANSWER-when the electrical gradient
is equal and opposite to the chemical gradient
,3|Page
Schwann call are located in the ___ and oligodendrocytes are found in
the ____
a. PNS, CNS
b. CNS, PNS - ANSWER-a
What are functions of astrocytes
-regulate extracellular K+ concentrations
-clear out excess amounts of neurotransmitters
-form concentric rings around neurons
-surround the synaptic cleft between neurons - ANSWER-regulate
extracellular K+ concentrations, clear out excess amounts of
neurotransmitters, surround the synaptic cleft between neurons
The concentric rings formed by oligodendrocytes are called
a. schwann cells
b. astrocytes
c. myelin - ANSWER-c
What channels are located exclusively at the Nodes of Ranvier?
-VG K+ channels
-VG Na+ channels
-VA Ca2+ channels
-VA Cl- channels - ANSWER-VA K+ channels, VG Na+ channels
To clear neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft in the central nervous
system, there are cells that contain transmembrane proteins that
simultaneously bind Na + and the neurotransmitter glutamate. This
transmembrane protein then simultaneously transports them into the
cell's cytoplasm. The cell type where you would expect to find such
transporters would be the:
a. astrocyte
b. oligodendrocyte
c. Schwann
d neuron - ANSWER-a
, 4|Page
What two ions are responsible for establishing an equilibrium between
the electrical and chemical gradients? - ANSWER-K+, anions
The Nernst potential equation depends on - ANSWER-charge on ions,
concentration of ions outside of cell, concentration of ions inside the
cell, temperature
T or F The membrane potential seeks the equilibrium potential of the ion
whose permeability is dominant - ANSWER-T
When gated Na+ channels close, what ion is responsible for bringing the
membrane back to resting membrane potential?
a. Cl-
b. Na+
c. K+
d. anions - ANSWER-c
Cells that maintain the extracellular environment in the central nervous
system by pumping sodium and potassium ions and mopping up excess
neurotransmitter are:
a. astrocytes
b. schwann cells
c. mircoglia
d. oligodendrocytes - ANSWER-a
What is the function and description of a dendrite - ANSWER-input
region, usually characterized by ligand gated channels
What is the function and description of an axon - ANSWER-conductile
region, characterized by voltage gated channels
What is the function and description of an axon terminal - ANSWER-
output region, characterized by SNARE proteins
