Lehne’s Pharmacotherapeutics
PREPARATION TEST 2026 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
● Pharmacokinetics- (Tics--> TIME). Answer: The movement of the
drug in the body over time through absorption, distribution, metabolism,
and excretion
● Pharmodynamics. Answer: What the drug does to the body-->
biological response
● Absorption via. Answer: Cell membranes (lipid-based)
1. Channels & Pores (small molecules)
2. Transport system (selective)
3. DIRECT PENETRATION (LIPID SOLUBLE)
● PGP (p-glycoprotein). Answer: Multi-drug transport protein (transport
system) that moves drugs OUT of cells
● What meds can NOT penetrate cell membranes. Answer: 1. Polar
molecules- water-soluble drugs
2. Ions- except for the VERY small (like dissolves like)
, 3. Ion trapping/pH partitioning (drug accumulates on a side that
encourages ionization (undissolved)
● What impacts the rate of absorption. Answer: 1. Rate of dissolution
(immediate release, enteric coating, etc.)
2. Surface area (blood flow, lipid solubility, & pH partitioning)
● Bioavailability. Answer: 1. A measure of the extent of drug absorption
for a given drug and route (from 0% to 100%).
2. Drugs are equal in bioavailability if they absorb at the same rate and
to same extent
3. Absorption/bioavailability impacted by ROUTE
● Three factors determining Distribution of a drug. Answer: 1. Blood
flow (or lack thereof) to tissues (abscess/solid tumors)
2. Ability for the drug to exit vascular system (BBB/Placental)
3. Protein binding- bound/unbound; affinity, binding site competition
4. Ability of drug to enter cells- lipd-solubility or transport system
● Six consequences of drug Metabolism. Answer: 1) accelerated renal
excretion of drugs
2) drug inactivation
3) increased therapeutic action
4) activation of "prodrugs"
PREPARATION TEST 2026 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
● Pharmacokinetics- (Tics--> TIME). Answer: The movement of the
drug in the body over time through absorption, distribution, metabolism,
and excretion
● Pharmodynamics. Answer: What the drug does to the body-->
biological response
● Absorption via. Answer: Cell membranes (lipid-based)
1. Channels & Pores (small molecules)
2. Transport system (selective)
3. DIRECT PENETRATION (LIPID SOLUBLE)
● PGP (p-glycoprotein). Answer: Multi-drug transport protein (transport
system) that moves drugs OUT of cells
● What meds can NOT penetrate cell membranes. Answer: 1. Polar
molecules- water-soluble drugs
2. Ions- except for the VERY small (like dissolves like)
, 3. Ion trapping/pH partitioning (drug accumulates on a side that
encourages ionization (undissolved)
● What impacts the rate of absorption. Answer: 1. Rate of dissolution
(immediate release, enteric coating, etc.)
2. Surface area (blood flow, lipid solubility, & pH partitioning)
● Bioavailability. Answer: 1. A measure of the extent of drug absorption
for a given drug and route (from 0% to 100%).
2. Drugs are equal in bioavailability if they absorb at the same rate and
to same extent
3. Absorption/bioavailability impacted by ROUTE
● Three factors determining Distribution of a drug. Answer: 1. Blood
flow (or lack thereof) to tissues (abscess/solid tumors)
2. Ability for the drug to exit vascular system (BBB/Placental)
3. Protein binding- bound/unbound; affinity, binding site competition
4. Ability of drug to enter cells- lipd-solubility or transport system
● Six consequences of drug Metabolism. Answer: 1) accelerated renal
excretion of drugs
2) drug inactivation
3) increased therapeutic action
4) activation of "prodrugs"
