PSW FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
◉ Assault. Answer: identified in identified in Canada's Criminal Code
and can be defined as intentionally attempting or threatening to
touch a client's body without the client's consent, causing the client
to fear bodily harm.Canada's Criminal Code and can be defined as
intentionally attempting or threatening to touch a client's body
without the client's consent, causing the client to fear bodily harm.
◉ Battery. Answer: (part of tort law) is the actual intentional
touching of a client's body without the client's consent.
◉ Slander. Answer: making harmful false statements orally.
◉ negligence. Answer: when a person fails to act in a careful or
competent manner and thereby harms the client or damages
property. It is an unintentional wrong, but the person failed to do
what a reasonable or careful person would have done or not done.
◉ false imprisonment. Answer: the unlawful restraint or restrictions
on a person's freedom of movement. (preventing someone from
leaving a facility or the unnecessary use of restraints.)
,◉ harassment. Answer: troubling, tormenting, offending, or
worrying a person through one's behaviour or comments.
◉ autonomy. Answer: have the freedom and choice to make
decisions that affect one's life. Also known as self-determination.
◉ dependence. Answer: The state of relying on others for support;
being unable to manage without help.
◉ interdependence. Answer: the state of relying on one another
◉ independence. Answer: the state of not relying on others for
control or authority
◉ CLIENTS RIGHTS. Answer: • The right to be treated with dignity
and respect
• the right to privacy and confidentiality
• the right to give or withhold informed consent
• the right to autonomy
◉ RIGHTS OF LONG-TERM CARE CLIENT. Answer: Residents' Bill of
Rights Every licensee of a long-term care home shall ensure that the
following rights of residents are fully respected and promoted.
,1. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to be treated with courtesy
and respect and in a way that fully recognizes the resident's
individuality and respects the resident's dignity.
2. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to be protected from abuse.
3. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT not to be neglected by the
licensee or staff.
4. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to be properly sheltered, fed,
clothed, groomed and cared for in a manner consistent with his or
her needs.
5. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to live in a safe and clean
environment.
6. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to exercise the rights of a
citizen.
7. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to be told who is responsible
for and who is providing the resident's direct care.
8. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to be afforded privacy in
treatment and in caring for his or her personal needs.
9. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to have his or her participation
in decision-making respected.
10. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to keep and display personal
possessions, pictures and furnishings in his or her room subject to
safety requirements and the rights of other residents.
11. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to i. participate fully in the
development, interpretation, review and revision of his or her plan
of care, ii. give or refuse consent to any treatment, care or services
for which his or her consent is required by law and to be informed of
, the consequences of giving or refusing consent, iii. participate fully
in making any decision concerning any aspect of his or her care,
including any decision concerning his or her admission, discharge or
transfer to or from a long-term care home or a secure unit and to
obtain an independent opinion with regard t
◉ Positive communication techniques. Answer: active listening,
paraphrasing, empathetic listening, asking closed questions, asking
open-ended questions, clarifying, and focusing.
◉ Active Listening. Answer: Paying close attention to a client's
verbal and nonverbal communication - listening o the content, the
intent and feelings behind the words. The following are guidelines
for active listening:
• face the client: the client will often need to see your facial
expressions and body language to be assured you are listening
• make eye contact: however, consider cultural preferences in
regards to eye contact.
• lean toward the client: Do not sit back with your arms crossed as
this can be interpreted as an indication that you are not open and
receptive to what the client is telling you.
• respond to your client: note however that sometimes your client
may just need to vent
• avoid communication barriers (interrupting, answering your own
questions, giving advice, minimizing problems, using patronizing
language, failing to listen)
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
◉ Assault. Answer: identified in identified in Canada's Criminal Code
and can be defined as intentionally attempting or threatening to
touch a client's body without the client's consent, causing the client
to fear bodily harm.Canada's Criminal Code and can be defined as
intentionally attempting or threatening to touch a client's body
without the client's consent, causing the client to fear bodily harm.
◉ Battery. Answer: (part of tort law) is the actual intentional
touching of a client's body without the client's consent.
◉ Slander. Answer: making harmful false statements orally.
◉ negligence. Answer: when a person fails to act in a careful or
competent manner and thereby harms the client or damages
property. It is an unintentional wrong, but the person failed to do
what a reasonable or careful person would have done or not done.
◉ false imprisonment. Answer: the unlawful restraint or restrictions
on a person's freedom of movement. (preventing someone from
leaving a facility or the unnecessary use of restraints.)
,◉ harassment. Answer: troubling, tormenting, offending, or
worrying a person through one's behaviour or comments.
◉ autonomy. Answer: have the freedom and choice to make
decisions that affect one's life. Also known as self-determination.
◉ dependence. Answer: The state of relying on others for support;
being unable to manage without help.
◉ interdependence. Answer: the state of relying on one another
◉ independence. Answer: the state of not relying on others for
control or authority
◉ CLIENTS RIGHTS. Answer: • The right to be treated with dignity
and respect
• the right to privacy and confidentiality
• the right to give or withhold informed consent
• the right to autonomy
◉ RIGHTS OF LONG-TERM CARE CLIENT. Answer: Residents' Bill of
Rights Every licensee of a long-term care home shall ensure that the
following rights of residents are fully respected and promoted.
,1. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to be treated with courtesy
and respect and in a way that fully recognizes the resident's
individuality and respects the resident's dignity.
2. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to be protected from abuse.
3. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT not to be neglected by the
licensee or staff.
4. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to be properly sheltered, fed,
clothed, groomed and cared for in a manner consistent with his or
her needs.
5. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to live in a safe and clean
environment.
6. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to exercise the rights of a
citizen.
7. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to be told who is responsible
for and who is providing the resident's direct care.
8. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to be afforded privacy in
treatment and in caring for his or her personal needs.
9. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to have his or her participation
in decision-making respected.
10. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to keep and display personal
possessions, pictures and furnishings in his or her room subject to
safety requirements and the rights of other residents.
11. EVERY RESIDENT HAS THE RIGHT to i. participate fully in the
development, interpretation, review and revision of his or her plan
of care, ii. give or refuse consent to any treatment, care or services
for which his or her consent is required by law and to be informed of
, the consequences of giving or refusing consent, iii. participate fully
in making any decision concerning any aspect of his or her care,
including any decision concerning his or her admission, discharge or
transfer to or from a long-term care home or a secure unit and to
obtain an independent opinion with regard t
◉ Positive communication techniques. Answer: active listening,
paraphrasing, empathetic listening, asking closed questions, asking
open-ended questions, clarifying, and focusing.
◉ Active Listening. Answer: Paying close attention to a client's
verbal and nonverbal communication - listening o the content, the
intent and feelings behind the words. The following are guidelines
for active listening:
• face the client: the client will often need to see your facial
expressions and body language to be assured you are listening
• make eye contact: however, consider cultural preferences in
regards to eye contact.
• lean toward the client: Do not sit back with your arms crossed as
this can be interpreted as an indication that you are not open and
receptive to what the client is telling you.
• respond to your client: note however that sometimes your client
may just need to vent
• avoid communication barriers (interrupting, answering your own
questions, giving advice, minimizing problems, using patronizing
language, failing to listen)
