PSYC 140 MODULE 4 EXAM PORTAGE
LEARNING 2026 EXAM SCRIPT PRACTICE
QUESTIONS ANSWERS INCLUDED
◉ This researcher was pessimistic about a child's abilities to learn by
himself. Answer: Vygotsky
◉ According to Vygotsky, in an ideal learning situation, adults give
much assistance to young children early on. As the children become
more competent, the adult begins to withdraw direct assistance. This
illustrates the zone of _______________. Answer: proximal
development
◉ Which Piagetian substage occurs during the Preoperational stage:
Secondary Circular Reactions, Symbolic Function, or
Metacognition. Answer: Symbolic Function
◉ Why do young children fail conservation tasks, according to Piaget?
Answer: Centration
◉ ____________ according to Piaget, is the ability to understand that
altering physical appearance does not necessarily change the
amount of that substance. Answer: Conservation
,◉ Which theorist, Piaget or Vygotsky, thought that collaborative work
with teachers or older peers is the key to cognitive
development? Answer: Vygotsky
◉ True or false? Gender constancy is similar to Piaget's idea of
conservation. Answer: True
◉ According to Piaget, ____________ are mental activities. Answer:
Operations
◉ Which theorist, Piaget or Vygotsky, thought that self-discovery was
key to cognitive development? Answer: Piaget
◉ Which of the following accurately describes Discovery Learning?
Answer: Children learn by actively exploring—emphasis on hands- on
learning.
◉ Which of the following accurately describes Piaget's views on
assimilation and accommodation? Answer: Problem-solving skills must
be discovered; they cannot be taught.
◉ This researcher focused on how young children experiment on their
world in order to learn about it. Answer: Piaget
, ◉ True or false? Myelination can impact the way that children think.
Answer: True
◉ Synaptic ____________ occurs when under-utilized synaptic
connections die away. Answer: Pruning
◉ The process by which neurons become insulated with a layer of fat
cells is known as ____________. Answer: Myelination
◉ True or false? Myelination can impact the way that children think.
Answer: True
◉ Gender ____________ theory states that children learn what society
thinks about male- and female-appropriate behaviors and that
they organize new information according to these models. Answer:
Schema
◉ True or false? Children in early childhood as well as elementary
school tend to associate with children of the same gender. Answer: True
◉ Which of Baumrind's parenting styles is associated with the most
negative long-term outcomes? Answer: Neglectful
LEARNING 2026 EXAM SCRIPT PRACTICE
QUESTIONS ANSWERS INCLUDED
◉ This researcher was pessimistic about a child's abilities to learn by
himself. Answer: Vygotsky
◉ According to Vygotsky, in an ideal learning situation, adults give
much assistance to young children early on. As the children become
more competent, the adult begins to withdraw direct assistance. This
illustrates the zone of _______________. Answer: proximal
development
◉ Which Piagetian substage occurs during the Preoperational stage:
Secondary Circular Reactions, Symbolic Function, or
Metacognition. Answer: Symbolic Function
◉ Why do young children fail conservation tasks, according to Piaget?
Answer: Centration
◉ ____________ according to Piaget, is the ability to understand that
altering physical appearance does not necessarily change the
amount of that substance. Answer: Conservation
,◉ Which theorist, Piaget or Vygotsky, thought that collaborative work
with teachers or older peers is the key to cognitive
development? Answer: Vygotsky
◉ True or false? Gender constancy is similar to Piaget's idea of
conservation. Answer: True
◉ According to Piaget, ____________ are mental activities. Answer:
Operations
◉ Which theorist, Piaget or Vygotsky, thought that self-discovery was
key to cognitive development? Answer: Piaget
◉ Which of the following accurately describes Discovery Learning?
Answer: Children learn by actively exploring—emphasis on hands- on
learning.
◉ Which of the following accurately describes Piaget's views on
assimilation and accommodation? Answer: Problem-solving skills must
be discovered; they cannot be taught.
◉ This researcher focused on how young children experiment on their
world in order to learn about it. Answer: Piaget
, ◉ True or false? Myelination can impact the way that children think.
Answer: True
◉ Synaptic ____________ occurs when under-utilized synaptic
connections die away. Answer: Pruning
◉ The process by which neurons become insulated with a layer of fat
cells is known as ____________. Answer: Myelination
◉ True or false? Myelination can impact the way that children think.
Answer: True
◉ Gender ____________ theory states that children learn what society
thinks about male- and female-appropriate behaviors and that
they organize new information according to these models. Answer:
Schema
◉ True or false? Children in early childhood as well as elementary
school tend to associate with children of the same gender. Answer: True
◉ Which of Baumrind's parenting styles is associated with the most
negative long-term outcomes? Answer: Neglectful
