Pathophysiology Exam 3 Test Bank Chapters 10, 12, 13 | 1000+ Questions and Answers Graded A+ | Respiratory & Cardiovascular Review 2025/2026

Patho Exam 3
k k




(Chapters 10, 12, k k




13 TEST BANK)
k k




Questions and An k k




swers Graded A+
k k

,Whatkhappenskinktheklungskwhenkthekdiaphragmkandkexternalkintercostalkmuscleskrelax?

a. Airkiskforcedkoutkofktheklungs.
b. Lungkvolumekincreases.
c. Intrapulmonickpressurekdecreases.
d. Intrapleuralkpressurekdecreases.k-kANSWERka

Thekrespiratorykmucosakiskcontinuouskthroughkthe:

1. upperkandklowerkrespiratoryktracts.
2. nasalkcavitieskandktheksinuses.
3. nasopharynxkandkoropharynx.
4. middlekearkcavitykandkauditoryktube.

a. 1konly
b. 1,k2
c. 2,k3
d. 1,k3,k4
e. 1,k2,k3,k4k-kANSWERke

WhichkofkthekfollowingkactivitieskdoeskNOTkrequirekmusclekcontractionskandkenergy?

a. Quietkinspiration
b. Forcedkinspiration
c. Quietkexpiration
d. Forcedkexpirationk-kANSWERkc

Thekmaximumkvolumekofkairkakpersonkcankexhalekafterkakmaximumkinspirationkiskterm
edkthe:

a. expiratorykreservekvolume.
b. inspiratorykreservekvolume.
c. totalklungkcapacity.
d. vitalkcapacity.k-kANSWERkd

Whichkofkthekfollowingkappliesktokthekbloodkinkthekpulmonarykartery?

a. PCO2kisklow.
b. PO2kisklow.
c. Hydrostatickpressurekiskverykhigh.
d. Itkiskflowingkintokthekleftkatrium.k-kANSWERkb

Whichkofkthekfollowingkcauseskbronchodilation?

a. Epinephrine
b. Histamine

,c. Parasympatheticknervousksystem
d. Drugskthatkblockk2-adrenergickreceptorsk-kANSWERka

Thekcentralkchemoreceptorskinkthekmedullakareknormallykmostksensitivekto:

a. lowkoxygenklevel.
b. lowkconcentrationkofkhydrogenkions.
c. elevatedkoxygenklevel.
d. elevatedkcarbonkdioxideklevel.k-kANSWERkd

Oxygenkdiffuseskfromkthekalveoliktokthekbloodkbecause:

a. PO2kiskhigherkinkthekblood.
b. PO2kisklowerkinkthekblood.
c. CO2kiskdiffusingkoutkofkthekblood.
d. morekCO2kiskdiffusingkoutkofkcellskintokthekblood.k-kANSWERkb

Carbonkdioxidekiskprimarilyktransportedkinkthekblood:

a. askdissolvedkgas.
b. attachedktokthekironkmoleculekinkhemoglobin.
c. askbicarbonatekion.
d. askcarbonickacid.k-kANSWERkc

Whatkwouldkhypercapniakcause?

a. IncreasedkserumkpH
b. Decreasedkrespirations
c. Respiratorykacidosis
d. Decreasedkcarbonickacidkinkthekbloodk-kANSWERkc

Whichkofkthekfollowingkwouldkresultkfromkhyperventilation?

a. Respiratorykacidosis
b. Respiratorykalkalosis
c. Metabolickalkalosis
d. Metabolickacidosisk-kANSWERkb

Whichkofkthekfollowingkvalueskiskalwayskdecreasedkwithkrespiratorykalkalosisk(compens
atedkorkdecompensated)?

a. Serumkbicarbonate
b. PaCO2
c. SerumkpH
d. UrinekpHk-
kANSWERkbk(Decompensationkoccurskwhenkcompensatorykmechanismskcannotkmai
ntainkaknormalkpHkrange.)

, Whatkwouldkbekthekmostkeffectivekcompensationkforkrespiratorykacidosis?

a. Thekkidneyskeliminatingkmorekbicarbonatekions
b. Thekkidneyskproducingkmorekbicarbonatekions
c. Thekkidneyskreabsorbingkmorekhydrogenkions
d. Ankincreasekinkrespiratorykratek-kANSWERkb

Whatkiskthekacid-
basekstatuskofkakpatientkwithkthekfollowingkvalueskforkarterialkbloodkgases?

Serumkbicarbonatek36.5kmmol/Lk(normalkrange:k22-
28)kPCO2k75kmmkHgk(normalkrange:k35-45)
SerumkpHk7.0

a. Compensatedkmetabolickacidosis
b. Decompensatedkmetabolickacidosis
c. Compensatedkrespiratorykacidosis
d. Decompensatedkrespiratorykacidosisk-kANSWERkd

(Decompensationkoccurskwhenkcompensatorykmechanismskcannotkmaintainkaknormalk
pHkrange.)

(CompensatorykMechanisms:kWhenkakpathologickconditionkexists,kthekpHkbalancekmov
eskoutsidekofktheknormalkrangekandktheklungskorkkidneyskcompensate.
Compensationkiskakshort-
termksolution.kThekgoalkisktokresolvekthekunderlyingkcausekofkthekimbalance.)

Whatkdoeskcarbaminohemoglobinkreferkto?

a. Replacementkofkoxygenkbykcarbonkmonoxidekonkhemoglobinkmolecules
b. Fullksaturationkofkallkhemekmoleculeskbykoxygen
c. Carbonkdioxidekattachedktokankaminokgroupkonkthekhemoglobinkmolecule
d. Oxygenkcombinedkwithkironkinkthekhemoglobinkmoleculek-kANSWERkc

Approximatelykwhatkpercentagekofkboundkoxygenkiskreleasedktokthekcellskforkmetabolismkduri
ngkankerythrocyte'skjourneykthroughkthekcirculatoryksystem?

a. 80%
b. 25%
c. 10%
d. 50%k-kANSWERkb

Thekproductionkofkyellowish-green,kcloudy,kthickksputumkiskoftenkankindicationkof:

a. bacterialkinfection.