PURDUE UNIVERSITY MN 502 QUIZ 3 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
◉ Metastasis- secondary tumor a location distant from the primary
tumor. Answer: •Lymph system-
•Spreads through the lymph drainage system
•Sentinel node
•Hematogenous-
•Spreads through venous system starting at capillaries
•Proteases digest the extracellular matrix and basement
membranes.
•Create pathways through which cells can move.
◉ CAUTION. Answer:
◉ DNA polymerase pairs the complementary bases.. Answer:
•Adenine-thymine; cytosine-guanine
◉ DNA Transcription Translation. Answer:
◉ Base Pair Mutation. Answer: •One base pair is substituted for
another; may result in changes in amino acid sequence.
,•May or may not cause disease or problems.
◉ Frameshift Mutation. Answer: •Involves the insertion or deletion
of one or more base pairs to the DNA molecule.
◉ Mutagens. Answer: •Are agents, such as radiation and chemicals,
that increase the frequency of mutations.
◉ Nondisjunction. Answer:
◉ Autosomes. Answer: •Are the first 22 of the 23 pairs of
chromosomes in males and females.
•The two members are virtually identical and are thus said to be
homologous.
◉ Sex Chromosomes. Answer: •Make up the remaining pair of
chromosomes.
•In females, it is a homologous pair (XX).
•In males, it is a nonhomologous pair (XY).
◉ Karyotype. Answer: Complete set of chromosomes
•The length and centromere location determine the ordered display
of chromosomes.
, ◉ Punnett Square. Answer:
◉ Homozygous vs. Heterozygous. Answer:
◉ Marfan syndrome. Answer: Inherited degenerative generalized
disorder of the connective tissue
◉ Neurofibromatosis. Answer: •Neurogenic tumors arising from
Schwann cells and similar cells
◉ Autosomal recessive disorders. Answer: •Single-gene mutations
•Passed from an affected parent regardless of sex
•Occur only in homozygous allele pairs
•Usual transmission from two carrier parents
•Implication of consanguinity
•Early age for onset of disorders
◉ Phenylketonuria. Answer: Deficiency of phenylalanine
hydroxylase
•Causes intellectual disability if untreated
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
◉ Metastasis- secondary tumor a location distant from the primary
tumor. Answer: •Lymph system-
•Spreads through the lymph drainage system
•Sentinel node
•Hematogenous-
•Spreads through venous system starting at capillaries
•Proteases digest the extracellular matrix and basement
membranes.
•Create pathways through which cells can move.
◉ CAUTION. Answer:
◉ DNA polymerase pairs the complementary bases.. Answer:
•Adenine-thymine; cytosine-guanine
◉ DNA Transcription Translation. Answer:
◉ Base Pair Mutation. Answer: •One base pair is substituted for
another; may result in changes in amino acid sequence.
,•May or may not cause disease or problems.
◉ Frameshift Mutation. Answer: •Involves the insertion or deletion
of one or more base pairs to the DNA molecule.
◉ Mutagens. Answer: •Are agents, such as radiation and chemicals,
that increase the frequency of mutations.
◉ Nondisjunction. Answer:
◉ Autosomes. Answer: •Are the first 22 of the 23 pairs of
chromosomes in males and females.
•The two members are virtually identical and are thus said to be
homologous.
◉ Sex Chromosomes. Answer: •Make up the remaining pair of
chromosomes.
•In females, it is a homologous pair (XX).
•In males, it is a nonhomologous pair (XY).
◉ Karyotype. Answer: Complete set of chromosomes
•The length and centromere location determine the ordered display
of chromosomes.
, ◉ Punnett Square. Answer:
◉ Homozygous vs. Heterozygous. Answer:
◉ Marfan syndrome. Answer: Inherited degenerative generalized
disorder of the connective tissue
◉ Neurofibromatosis. Answer: •Neurogenic tumors arising from
Schwann cells and similar cells
◉ Autosomal recessive disorders. Answer: •Single-gene mutations
•Passed from an affected parent regardless of sex
•Occur only in homozygous allele pairs
•Usual transmission from two carrier parents
•Implication of consanguinity
•Early age for onset of disorders
◉ Phenylketonuria. Answer: Deficiency of phenylalanine
hydroxylase
•Causes intellectual disability if untreated
