Food Technology Year 12 T1 Exam 100% Solved

Food Technology Year 12 T1 Exam 100% Solved What is the Agri-Food chain? - Answer- The production and supply of food to consumers What are the four sectors of the Agri-Food chain? - Answer- - Agriculture and fisheries - Food processing and manufacturing - Food service and catering - Food retail What do Agriculture and Fisheries do? How has it developed? - Answer- The vast majority of food sold in Australia is grown and supplied by Australian farmers. Agriculture practices have become more mechanised and dependent on new technologies and farming methods. New technological developments: - Irrigation systems - Genetic engineering - Breeding programs - Sophisticated farming equipment What does the Food processing and manufacturing sector do? - Answer- products undergo a form of value adding or alteration before human consumption. The change may be little (convenience of fruit and veg) or significant (pasteurisation of milk). How has technology impacted the Food processing and manufacturing sector? - Answer- The cost of Australian labour has led to an increase of highly computerised and mechanised processing systems to ensure economic viability and constant supply. What does the food service and catering sector do? - Answer- Includes all aspects of commercial food preparation, production and service. Is made up of commercial and non-commercial organisations. What does the food retail sector do? - Answer- Involves selling food to consumers (the marketplace). Large national food retailers: Woolworths, Coles, Aldi, IGA. Example of ecologically sustainable production methods - Answer- Organic Farming Produce food without the use of harmful chemicals that can damage the environment. Grown, processed and manufactured without the use of pesticides, herbicides, fertilisers or growth hormones. Crop rotation is used in organic farming as it gives the soil the chance to rejuvenate and replenish lost nutrients. What is an example of an emerging agriculture technologies? - Answer- Crop sensors inform application equipment of correct amounts of fertilisation needed. Optical sensors or drones are able to identify crop health across the field What is an example of an emerging food technology? - Answer- Genetically designed food Formation of certain strains of DNA to put in plants or animals to better the condition and health. What are the aspects of AFI? - Answer- Levels of operation, Research and development, quality assurance consumer influence, working conditions and career opportunities. Impact the organisation has on the economy, society and environment. What is meant by level of operation? - Answer- Refers to the measure of food production - the level of technology used by an organisation will increase in sophistication as the size of the business increases. What are different types of level of operation? - Answer- Household, small business, Large company and multinational What is meant by Research and development? - Answer- The process used to create new food products, improve existing products and explore the market to create a niche item. It is very important for businesses to stay competitive and they will spend a large sum of money on R&D. What are the benefits of R&D? - Answer- - Ability to respond to changing market - Develop new technologies - Improve profitability - Increase export opportunities - Ensure a safer, more nutritious food supply What are three examples of CSIRO areas of research? - Answer- Animal science, plant science and sustainable farm management How does CSIRO research animal science? - Answer- CSIRO works with livestock farmers to improve productivity, profitability and sustainability through improved livestock breeds and agriculture management. They also development premium feed, improve gene technology and discover ways to protect the animals from pests and diseases. How does CSIRO research plant science? - Answer- Helps to enhance plant breeds and improve management practices of scarce resources such as water. How does CSIRO research sustainable farm management? - Answer- Developing new tools and equipment to better manage farm practices. Leads to increase profitability and productivity. What is meant by Quality Assurance? - Answer- The responsibility of everyone involved in producing and manufacturing food products to make sure each item is up to a certain standard; this standard has to be met at all stages of production. What is the aim of HACCP? - Answer- Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) is implemented. The aim of HACCP is to detect potential problem areas in food production and minimise hazards and risks. What are the three different types of hazards? - Answer- Biological, Chemical and physical How does the consumer influence the food industry? - Answer- - Growth in demand for healthy foods, organic foods, whole-foods and biodegradable packaging. - Consumers may be inclined to pay more for safer food with a longer shelf life or foods that are organic/vegan. - People are increasingly consuming foods on the go and buying foods which are partially prepared. What are two current food trends? - Answer- Demand for organic foods and environmentally friendly packaging How does the industry impact the environment? - Answer- The processing or production of any food item uses energy and water which contributes to carbon emissions. Majority of food is packaged which must be transported and distributed. Food waste is another issue. How does industrial farming impact the environment? - Answer- Use chemical products such as pesticides to control weeds, pests and diseases. Industrialised agricultural methods of food production have contributed to land degradation, climate change, water scarcity, pollution and lack of nutrients in the soil.