MedConnoisseur © 2022
,Chapter 01: Health: A Community View Nies:
Community/Public Health Nursing, 8th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which best describes the primary reason that
Americans are concerned about health care?
a. Politicians are discussing how to improve health
care.
b. The media has provided mixed messages about the
healthAcare system.nei vicoli che i turisti non trovano mai, c'era una
Venezia,
c. Our national health care costs keep increasing.
bottega senza insegna. Dentro, un uomo di nome Orsino
d. The new health care system offers free services to
dipingeva sogni.
Americans.
Non metaforicamente. I clienti entravano, si sedevano su una
ANS: C sedia di velluto rosso, chiudevano gli occhi e descrivevano il
sogno
The primary più for
reason bello
theche
focusavessero
on healthmai
carefatto.
is theOrsino ascoltava
constantly in costs, which
increasing
cannot besilenzio,
sustained.poiThe costs of caring for the sick accounted for the majority of escalating
dipingeva.
health care dollars, which increased from 5.7% of the gross domestic product in 1965 to
Il quadro era sempre pronto il giorno dopo. E quando il cliente
17.8% in 2015. Politicians and the media both influence Americans’ perceptions about health
lo guardava, rientrava nel sogno — completamente, con tutti i
care; however, they are not the primary reason why Americans are concerned. The new health
sensi.
care system will change the health care access and availability, but will not necessarily be
Unafree
offering any sera arrivò to
services una bambina di forse dieci anni, sola. Non
Americans.
aveva soldi. Disse che il suo sogno era l'unico posto dove
rivedeva
DIF: Cognitive suaUnderstand
Level: madre. (Comprehension)
Orsino non disse nulla. Lavorò tutta la notte, usando colori che
nonbegun
2. A nurse has aveva to mai
lobbymescolato primafor
with politicians — changes
colori che brillavano
to the health care system. Why is this
involvement important?al buio.
leggermente
a. Nurses, as central characters in several popular TV series, are currently very
Lainmattina dopo,
mediquando la bambina aprì gli occhi dopo aver
visible American
guardato il quadro, U
Na.stava sorridendo in modo diverso. Non il
b. Nurses are primarily responsibS le foNr mT
anagingOthe various units in our health care
sorriso di chi ha ricevuto un regalo, ma di chi ha ricordato
system.
c. Nurses qualcosa di fondamentale.
are the largest segment of health care providers.
Orsino guardò
d. Nurses are the only group il quadro
that isrimasto
employedsulboth
cavalletto. Eraoutside
inside and vuoto.of hospitals.
Aveva dato alla bambina non una copia del sogno, ma il sogno
ANS: C vero. L'ultimo che gli rimaneva.
As the largest
Chiusesegment of health
la bottega care providers, nurses are informed about the current health
serenamente.
care system and all the problems that result from people not seeking care until they are
desperately ill. Nurses, as the American Nurses Association (ANA) emphasize, usually
believe that health care is a right, not a privilege. Therefore, nurses, whose work is central to
our current health care delivery system, can also be instrumental in working politically to
create a health care delivery system that will meet health needs. While nurses are in several
current TV series and are employed both inside and outside of hospitals, physicians and other
health care providers are as well. Nurses are often managers, but managers often have other
backgrounds, such as business administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
3. What conclusion can be drawn from examining where nurses are employed?
a. There is a trend toward consolidation of health care into large central medical
MedConnoisseur © 2022
, centers.
b. There is an increased emphasis on community-based health care.
c. There is an obvious need to decrease health care costs by cutting positions.
d. Managed care organizations (MCOs) are employing nurses to improve customer
relations.
ANS: B
MCOs are employing nurses in many capacities. Although hospitals are closing and acute care
is increasingly found in central medical centers, the same trend may be seen in an increase in
neighborhood-based practice centers. While positions are cut in most industries, health care is
recognized as an area where growth in employment is expected. However, nurses are
increasingly employed in community settings as opposed to hospitals. This change reflects the
move toward community-based care rather than hospital-based tertiary care. To help decrease
the continued rise in health care costs, the increased emphasis is on disease prevention rather
than high-cost treatment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
4. Which ethical belief would be most helpful in the current health care crisis?
a. Emphasis should be on individual and corporation freedom in the marketplace.
b. Emphasis should be on individual autonomy and freedom of choice.
c. Emphasis should be on social justice and collective responsibility.
d. Emphasis should be on the effectiveness of technology in resolving problems.
ANS: C
Public health recognizes the necessity of collective action in keeping the environment safe and
in egalitarian tradition and vision. An overinvestment in technology and seeking of cures
within the market justice system has stifled the evolution of a health system to protect and
preserve the health of the population. Although individual autonomy and freedom of choice
are important, so is the recognition of collective responsibility in ensuring social justice,
which entitles all people to basic necessities.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
5. What is the primary problem seen in Healthy People 2020’s emphasis on choosing healthy
lifestyle behaviors, such as daily exercise or healthy food choices?
a. Emphasis on other lifestyle choices, such as not smoking and minimal use of
alcohol or drugs, is also needed.
b. All of us must work together to make unhealthy behaviors socially unacceptable.
c. It costs more to make healthy choices, such as buying and eating fresh fruits and
vegetables as opposed to quick and cheap fast-food choices.
d. Public policy emphasizes personal responsibility but ignores social and
environmental changes needed for well-being.
ANS: D
Although all responses are accurate, the primary problem is the emphasis on personal choices
in the Healthy People 2020 objectives. Emphasis on personal choices ignores the need for
community responsibility and action that addresses environmental or cultural restraints to
health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
6. What responsibility does the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics require of
the nurse beyond giving excellent care to patients?
MedConnoisseur © 2022
, a. Accept longer work schedules to ensure that professional care is always available
to clients.
b. Recognize the need for experienced nurses to mentor new graduates to help
increase and expand the number of professionals available.
c. Support health legislation to improve accessibility and cost of health care.
d. Volunteer to work overtime as needed to ensure maximum quality of care.
ANS: C
The ANA Code of Ethics promotes social reform by focusing on health policy and legislation
to positively affect accessibility, quality, and cost of health care. The code does not directly
address workplace issues, such as work schedules or need for overtime.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis)
A Venezia, nei vicoli che i turisti non trovano mai, c'era una
7. What is thebottega
communitysenza insegna.
health nursingDentro, un uomo
definition di nome Orsino
of health?
a. Healthdipingeva
is a person’ssogni.
goal-directed purposeful process toward well-being or
Non
wholeness. metaforicamente. I clienti entravano, si sedevano su una
b. Healthsedia
is an di velluto rosso,
individual’s chiudevano
physical, gli social
mental, and occhi well-being,
e descrivevano il
not merely the
absencesogno più bello
of disease che avessero mai fatto. Orsino ascoltava in
or infirmity.
c. Healthsilenzio, poi dipingeva. between a person and his or her environment in
is the mutual adaptation
meetingIl quadro era sempre pronto il giorno dopo. E quando il cliente
daily existence.
d. Health is families and aggregates choosing actions to ensure safety and well-being.
lo guardava, rientrava nel sogno — completamente, con tutti i
ANS: D sensi.
Una sera
The text stresses thatarrivò
healthuna bambina
is not di forse
just the result of andieci anni, sola.
individual’s Non but choices and
choices,
actions ofaveva soldi.families,
individuals, Disse che il suoand
groups, sogno era l'unico
communities thatposto
lead todove
better health.
rivedeva sua madre.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
Orsino non disse nulla. Lavorò tutta la notte, usando colori che
8. How doesnon aveva mai
community mescolato
health primacommunity?
nursing define — colori che brillavano
a. A group leggermente al buio.
of persons living within specific geographic boundaries
b. A group La ofmattina
personsdopo, quando
who share la bambina
a common aprì
identity andglienvironment
occhi dopo aver
c. A group guardato il quadro, stava sorridendo in modo diverso.
of persons who work together to meet common goals Non il
d. A group sorriso di chiwho
of persons ha ricevuto
resolve aun regalo, ma
community di chi ha ricordato
concern
ANS: B qualcosa di fondamentale.
Community Orsino
healthguardò
nurses ilwork
quadro
withrimasto sul cavalletto.
both geopolitical groupsEra vuoto.
(within specific geographic
boundaries)Aveva dato alla bambinagroups
and phenomenological non una
(whocopia
have del sogno,identity
a common ma il sogno
based on culture,
history, orvero. L'ultimo che gli rimaneva.
goals). A particular phenomenological group may or may not have been a planned
group—that Chiuse la bottega
is, a group serenamente.
that came together to resolve a recognized common problem or to
meet a common goal. However, of all the choices, a group of persons who share a common
identity (phenomenological group) and environment (which implies a specific geographic
setting) is the broadest and most complete definition.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
9. Which variable has a major influence on a community’s health?
a. Behavior choices made by persons in the community
b. Number of health care providers and hospitals in the community
c. Quality of the public safety officers (police officers, firefighters, etc.)
d. The number and credentials of public health officials in the community
ANS: A
MedConnoisseur © 2022
,Chapter 01: Health: A Community View Nies:
Community/Public Health Nursing, 8th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which best describes the primary reason that
Americans are concerned about health care?
a. Politicians are discussing how to improve health
care.
b. The media has provided mixed messages about the
healthAcare system.nei vicoli che i turisti non trovano mai, c'era una
Venezia,
c. Our national health care costs keep increasing.
bottega senza insegna. Dentro, un uomo di nome Orsino
d. The new health care system offers free services to
dipingeva sogni.
Americans.
Non metaforicamente. I clienti entravano, si sedevano su una
ANS: C sedia di velluto rosso, chiudevano gli occhi e descrivevano il
sogno
The primary più for
reason bello
theche
focusavessero
on healthmai
carefatto.
is theOrsino ascoltava
constantly in costs, which
increasing
cannot besilenzio,
sustained.poiThe costs of caring for the sick accounted for the majority of escalating
dipingeva.
health care dollars, which increased from 5.7% of the gross domestic product in 1965 to
Il quadro era sempre pronto il giorno dopo. E quando il cliente
17.8% in 2015. Politicians and the media both influence Americans’ perceptions about health
lo guardava, rientrava nel sogno — completamente, con tutti i
care; however, they are not the primary reason why Americans are concerned. The new health
sensi.
care system will change the health care access and availability, but will not necessarily be
Unafree
offering any sera arrivò to
services una bambina di forse dieci anni, sola. Non
Americans.
aveva soldi. Disse che il suo sogno era l'unico posto dove
rivedeva
DIF: Cognitive suaUnderstand
Level: madre. (Comprehension)
Orsino non disse nulla. Lavorò tutta la notte, usando colori che
nonbegun
2. A nurse has aveva to mai
lobbymescolato primafor
with politicians — changes
colori che brillavano
to the health care system. Why is this
involvement important?al buio.
leggermente
a. Nurses, as central characters in several popular TV series, are currently very
Lainmattina dopo,
mediquando la bambina aprì gli occhi dopo aver
visible American
guardato il quadro, U
Na.stava sorridendo in modo diverso. Non il
b. Nurses are primarily responsibS le foNr mT
anagingOthe various units in our health care
sorriso di chi ha ricevuto un regalo, ma di chi ha ricordato
system.
c. Nurses qualcosa di fondamentale.
are the largest segment of health care providers.
Orsino guardò
d. Nurses are the only group il quadro
that isrimasto
employedsulboth
cavalletto. Eraoutside
inside and vuoto.of hospitals.
Aveva dato alla bambina non una copia del sogno, ma il sogno
ANS: C vero. L'ultimo che gli rimaneva.
As the largest
Chiusesegment of health
la bottega care providers, nurses are informed about the current health
serenamente.
care system and all the problems that result from people not seeking care until they are
desperately ill. Nurses, as the American Nurses Association (ANA) emphasize, usually
believe that health care is a right, not a privilege. Therefore, nurses, whose work is central to
our current health care delivery system, can also be instrumental in working politically to
create a health care delivery system that will meet health needs. While nurses are in several
current TV series and are employed both inside and outside of hospitals, physicians and other
health care providers are as well. Nurses are often managers, but managers often have other
backgrounds, such as business administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
3. What conclusion can be drawn from examining where nurses are employed?
a. There is a trend toward consolidation of health care into large central medical
MedConnoisseur © 2022
, centers.
b. There is an increased emphasis on community-based health care.
c. There is an obvious need to decrease health care costs by cutting positions.
d. Managed care organizations (MCOs) are employing nurses to improve customer
relations.
ANS: B
MCOs are employing nurses in many capacities. Although hospitals are closing and acute care
is increasingly found in central medical centers, the same trend may be seen in an increase in
neighborhood-based practice centers. While positions are cut in most industries, health care is
recognized as an area where growth in employment is expected. However, nurses are
increasingly employed in community settings as opposed to hospitals. This change reflects the
move toward community-based care rather than hospital-based tertiary care. To help decrease
the continued rise in health care costs, the increased emphasis is on disease prevention rather
than high-cost treatment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
4. Which ethical belief would be most helpful in the current health care crisis?
a. Emphasis should be on individual and corporation freedom in the marketplace.
b. Emphasis should be on individual autonomy and freedom of choice.
c. Emphasis should be on social justice and collective responsibility.
d. Emphasis should be on the effectiveness of technology in resolving problems.
ANS: C
Public health recognizes the necessity of collective action in keeping the environment safe and
in egalitarian tradition and vision. An overinvestment in technology and seeking of cures
within the market justice system has stifled the evolution of a health system to protect and
preserve the health of the population. Although individual autonomy and freedom of choice
are important, so is the recognition of collective responsibility in ensuring social justice,
which entitles all people to basic necessities.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
5. What is the primary problem seen in Healthy People 2020’s emphasis on choosing healthy
lifestyle behaviors, such as daily exercise or healthy food choices?
a. Emphasis on other lifestyle choices, such as not smoking and minimal use of
alcohol or drugs, is also needed.
b. All of us must work together to make unhealthy behaviors socially unacceptable.
c. It costs more to make healthy choices, such as buying and eating fresh fruits and
vegetables as opposed to quick and cheap fast-food choices.
d. Public policy emphasizes personal responsibility but ignores social and
environmental changes needed for well-being.
ANS: D
Although all responses are accurate, the primary problem is the emphasis on personal choices
in the Healthy People 2020 objectives. Emphasis on personal choices ignores the need for
community responsibility and action that addresses environmental or cultural restraints to
health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
6. What responsibility does the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics require of
the nurse beyond giving excellent care to patients?
MedConnoisseur © 2022
, a. Accept longer work schedules to ensure that professional care is always available
to clients.
b. Recognize the need for experienced nurses to mentor new graduates to help
increase and expand the number of professionals available.
c. Support health legislation to improve accessibility and cost of health care.
d. Volunteer to work overtime as needed to ensure maximum quality of care.
ANS: C
The ANA Code of Ethics promotes social reform by focusing on health policy and legislation
to positively affect accessibility, quality, and cost of health care. The code does not directly
address workplace issues, such as work schedules or need for overtime.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis)
A Venezia, nei vicoli che i turisti non trovano mai, c'era una
7. What is thebottega
communitysenza insegna.
health nursingDentro, un uomo
definition di nome Orsino
of health?
a. Healthdipingeva
is a person’ssogni.
goal-directed purposeful process toward well-being or
Non
wholeness. metaforicamente. I clienti entravano, si sedevano su una
b. Healthsedia
is an di velluto rosso,
individual’s chiudevano
physical, gli social
mental, and occhi well-being,
e descrivevano il
not merely the
absencesogno più bello
of disease che avessero mai fatto. Orsino ascoltava in
or infirmity.
c. Healthsilenzio, poi dipingeva. between a person and his or her environment in
is the mutual adaptation
meetingIl quadro era sempre pronto il giorno dopo. E quando il cliente
daily existence.
d. Health is families and aggregates choosing actions to ensure safety and well-being.
lo guardava, rientrava nel sogno — completamente, con tutti i
ANS: D sensi.
Una sera
The text stresses thatarrivò
healthuna bambina
is not di forse
just the result of andieci anni, sola.
individual’s Non but choices and
choices,
actions ofaveva soldi.families,
individuals, Disse che il suoand
groups, sogno era l'unico
communities thatposto
lead todove
better health.
rivedeva sua madre.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
Orsino non disse nulla. Lavorò tutta la notte, usando colori che
8. How doesnon aveva mai
community mescolato
health primacommunity?
nursing define — colori che brillavano
a. A group leggermente al buio.
of persons living within specific geographic boundaries
b. A group La ofmattina
personsdopo, quando
who share la bambina
a common aprì
identity andglienvironment
occhi dopo aver
c. A group guardato il quadro, stava sorridendo in modo diverso.
of persons who work together to meet common goals Non il
d. A group sorriso di chiwho
of persons ha ricevuto
resolve aun regalo, ma
community di chi ha ricordato
concern
ANS: B qualcosa di fondamentale.
Community Orsino
healthguardò
nurses ilwork
quadro
withrimasto sul cavalletto.
both geopolitical groupsEra vuoto.
(within specific geographic
boundaries)Aveva dato alla bambinagroups
and phenomenological non una
(whocopia
have del sogno,identity
a common ma il sogno
based on culture,
history, orvero. L'ultimo che gli rimaneva.
goals). A particular phenomenological group may or may not have been a planned
group—that Chiuse la bottega
is, a group serenamente.
that came together to resolve a recognized common problem or to
meet a common goal. However, of all the choices, a group of persons who share a common
identity (phenomenological group) and environment (which implies a specific geographic
setting) is the broadest and most complete definition.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
9. Which variable has a major influence on a community’s health?
a. Behavior choices made by persons in the community
b. Number of health care providers and hospitals in the community
c. Quality of the public safety officers (police officers, firefighters, etc.)
d. The number and credentials of public health officials in the community
ANS: A
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