NON LIVING ORGANIC MOLECULE
ONE PAGE NOTES EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION
LIVING ORGANIC MOLECULE
2.EMBRYOLOGIGAL
CHEMICAL EVOLUTION EVOLUTION - 1.PALENTOLOGICAL(FOSSIL) (ANALOGUS)
SL MILLER EXPERIMENT (HOMOLOGUS)
CLASS 12 HOMOLOGUS (DIVERGENT)
CONDITION ON EARTH---
1.HIGH TEMPERATURE CHEMICAL EVOLUTION TRICK_
2.VOLCANIC ERRUPTION. {SL MILLER EXPERIMEMENT} ANCETORY HAI SAME COMMON
3.REDUCING ATMOSPHERE FUNCTION HAI DIFFRENT ANCESTORY
EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION EXAMPLE-
KEY POINTS ANIMALS-FORELIMBS OF MAN AND
CASE OF MOTH WHALE(MAN-WALKING:WHALE-
1.FIRST ORGANIC MOLECULE- SWIM)
AMINO ACID.
ADAPTIVE RADIATION PLANTS-THORNS OF BOUGAINVILLEA
AND TENDRILS OF CUCURBITA.
2.VERSION OF BIOGENESIS HARDY WEINBERG PRINCIPLE
ANALOGUS (CONVERGENT)
ADAPTIVE RADIATION ACCOUNT OF EVOLUTION
EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS
TRICK_
DARWIN THEORY ANCESTORY HAI DIFFRENT
WHERE A SPECIES FUNCTION HAI SAME
SALTATION THEORY FUNCTION
RAPIDLY DIVERSIFY FROM EXAMPLE-
COMMON ANCESTORY ANIMAL: EYE OF OCTOPUS AND
ACCORDING TO THEIR IMP DEFINITION MAMMALS(PRIMARY KAM HAI DEKHNE KA)
ECOLOGICAL NICHE. [1] GENETIC DRIFT: PLANTS: SWEET POTATO{ROOT MODIFIED}
FOR EXAMPLE- DARWIN FINCHES POTATO{SHOOT MODIFIED}
RANDOM CHANGE IN ALLELIC FREQUENCY
PRIMARY-FOOD RESERVE
IN A SMALL POPULATION DUE TO CHANCE
EVENTS. CASE OF MOTH {NATURAL SELECTION}
CASE[1]: BEFORE INDUSTRIALISATION
[2]GENE POOL: LICHENS WERE PROMINENT BEFORE
FINCHES WERE DIVERSIFIED ACCORDING TO THEIR
TOTAL NO. OF GENES AND ALLELS
FOOD REQUIREMENT INDUSTRY DUE TO A LESSER AMOUNT
PRESENT IN THE POPULATION.
MARSUPIAL RADIATION OF POLLUTION.
EG OF ADAPTIVE RADIATION [3]FOUNDER EFFECT: WHITE MOTHS WERE EASY TO BE
CASE OF AUSTRALIA LOSS OF GENETIC VARIATION WHEN A CAMOUFLAGED WITH LICHEN ON THE
DUE TO HUGE COMPETITION
NEW POPULATION IS ESTABLISHED. BARK OF THE TREE.
PLACENTAL MAMMALS OF
AUSTRALIA DIVERSIFIED. [4]GENE MIGRATION: BLACK MOTHS WERE RARE DUE TO
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION EXPOSURE TO PREDATORS.
MOVEMENT OF ALLELES FROM ONE
POPULATION TO ANOTHER DUE TO CASE[2]: AFTER INDUSTRIALISATION
MIGRATION OF INDIVISUAL. LICHEN DISAPPEARED DUE TO
[5]EVOLUTION: INCREASE IN POLLUTION HENCE WHITE
GRADUAL CHANGE IN EVOLUTION IS THE MOTH BECAME RARE AND DARK MOTH
GRADUAL CHANGE IN THE HERITABLE CAMOUFLAGED WITH DARK BARK OF
CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANISMS IN A THE TREE.
POPULATION OVER SUCCESSIVE
GENERATIONS. HARDY WIENBERG PRINCIPLE
ALLELIC FREQUENCIES IN A
DARWIN THEORY POPULATION REMAIN CONSTANT
NATURAL SELECTION SALTATION FROM GENERATION TO GENRATION
(SINGLE STEP LARGE MUTATION) IF NO EVOLUTIONARY FORCES
REPRODUCTIVE FITNESS MUTATIONS ARE RANDOM AND DIRECTIONLESS.
TAKES PLACE.
KEY CONCEPT: CONDITION: GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM
TYPES OF NATURAL SELECTION
1)BRANCHING DESCENT FORMULA: P²+Q²=1; P²+2PQ+Q²=1
SPECIES ARRISE FROM COMMON ANCESTOR
[LIKE BRANCHES ARISE FROM A TREE] FREQUENCY OF FREQUENCY OF FREQUENCY OF
BRANCHES ARE NEW SPECIES AND TREE IS HOMOZYGOUS HETEROZYGOUS HETEROZYGOUS
THE COMMON ANCESTORY. STABLISING DISRUPTIVE DIRECTIONAL DOMINANT ALLEL RECESSIVE GENOTYPE
2)NATURAL SELECTION FAQ
ORGANISM WITH HERITABLE TRAITS BETTER
SUITS TOP THEIR ENVIROMENT ARE MORE IN A POPULATION P IS 0.6 FIND P , Q , 2PQ?
LIKELY TO SURVIVE AND REPRODUCE. [A]STABLISING
INTERMEDIATE SELECTION
EG :WEIGHT OF A BABY
DARWIN LOW AND HIGH WEIGHT ARE DANGEROUS WHILE
FEATURES SALTATION THEORY INTERMIDIATE ARE SAFER ONES.
THEORY
[B]DIRECTIONAL
EITHER EXTREME PEAK SELECTION
EG :CASE OF MOTH
EITHER WHITE MOTH [BEFORE INDUSTRY]
PROPOSED CHARLES OR BLACK MOTH [AFTER INDUSTRY] SURVIVED
HUGO DE VERIS
BY DARWIN [C] DISRUPTIVE
BOTH EXTREME PEAK SELECTION
EG :BEAK VARIATION IN FINCHE
FINCHES DEVELOPED EVERY KIND OF BEAK FOR
SURVIVAL.
GRADUALLY FACTORS AFFECTING HARDY WEINBERG PRINCIPLE
NATURE OF SUDDEN LARGE
OVER
EVOLUTION CHANGES
GENRATION
NATURAL MUTATION GENE GENETIC
NATURAL SELECTION FLOW DRIFT
MAIN CAUSE MUTATION
SELECTION
ONE PAGE NOTES EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION
LIVING ORGANIC MOLECULE
2.EMBRYOLOGIGAL
CHEMICAL EVOLUTION EVOLUTION - 1.PALENTOLOGICAL(FOSSIL) (ANALOGUS)
SL MILLER EXPERIMENT (HOMOLOGUS)
CLASS 12 HOMOLOGUS (DIVERGENT)
CONDITION ON EARTH---
1.HIGH TEMPERATURE CHEMICAL EVOLUTION TRICK_
2.VOLCANIC ERRUPTION. {SL MILLER EXPERIMEMENT} ANCETORY HAI SAME COMMON
3.REDUCING ATMOSPHERE FUNCTION HAI DIFFRENT ANCESTORY
EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION EXAMPLE-
KEY POINTS ANIMALS-FORELIMBS OF MAN AND
CASE OF MOTH WHALE(MAN-WALKING:WHALE-
1.FIRST ORGANIC MOLECULE- SWIM)
AMINO ACID.
ADAPTIVE RADIATION PLANTS-THORNS OF BOUGAINVILLEA
AND TENDRILS OF CUCURBITA.
2.VERSION OF BIOGENESIS HARDY WEINBERG PRINCIPLE
ANALOGUS (CONVERGENT)
ADAPTIVE RADIATION ACCOUNT OF EVOLUTION
EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS
TRICK_
DARWIN THEORY ANCESTORY HAI DIFFRENT
WHERE A SPECIES FUNCTION HAI SAME
SALTATION THEORY FUNCTION
RAPIDLY DIVERSIFY FROM EXAMPLE-
COMMON ANCESTORY ANIMAL: EYE OF OCTOPUS AND
ACCORDING TO THEIR IMP DEFINITION MAMMALS(PRIMARY KAM HAI DEKHNE KA)
ECOLOGICAL NICHE. [1] GENETIC DRIFT: PLANTS: SWEET POTATO{ROOT MODIFIED}
FOR EXAMPLE- DARWIN FINCHES POTATO{SHOOT MODIFIED}
RANDOM CHANGE IN ALLELIC FREQUENCY
PRIMARY-FOOD RESERVE
IN A SMALL POPULATION DUE TO CHANCE
EVENTS. CASE OF MOTH {NATURAL SELECTION}
CASE[1]: BEFORE INDUSTRIALISATION
[2]GENE POOL: LICHENS WERE PROMINENT BEFORE
FINCHES WERE DIVERSIFIED ACCORDING TO THEIR
TOTAL NO. OF GENES AND ALLELS
FOOD REQUIREMENT INDUSTRY DUE TO A LESSER AMOUNT
PRESENT IN THE POPULATION.
MARSUPIAL RADIATION OF POLLUTION.
EG OF ADAPTIVE RADIATION [3]FOUNDER EFFECT: WHITE MOTHS WERE EASY TO BE
CASE OF AUSTRALIA LOSS OF GENETIC VARIATION WHEN A CAMOUFLAGED WITH LICHEN ON THE
DUE TO HUGE COMPETITION
NEW POPULATION IS ESTABLISHED. BARK OF THE TREE.
PLACENTAL MAMMALS OF
AUSTRALIA DIVERSIFIED. [4]GENE MIGRATION: BLACK MOTHS WERE RARE DUE TO
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION EXPOSURE TO PREDATORS.
MOVEMENT OF ALLELES FROM ONE
POPULATION TO ANOTHER DUE TO CASE[2]: AFTER INDUSTRIALISATION
MIGRATION OF INDIVISUAL. LICHEN DISAPPEARED DUE TO
[5]EVOLUTION: INCREASE IN POLLUTION HENCE WHITE
GRADUAL CHANGE IN EVOLUTION IS THE MOTH BECAME RARE AND DARK MOTH
GRADUAL CHANGE IN THE HERITABLE CAMOUFLAGED WITH DARK BARK OF
CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANISMS IN A THE TREE.
POPULATION OVER SUCCESSIVE
GENERATIONS. HARDY WIENBERG PRINCIPLE
ALLELIC FREQUENCIES IN A
DARWIN THEORY POPULATION REMAIN CONSTANT
NATURAL SELECTION SALTATION FROM GENERATION TO GENRATION
(SINGLE STEP LARGE MUTATION) IF NO EVOLUTIONARY FORCES
REPRODUCTIVE FITNESS MUTATIONS ARE RANDOM AND DIRECTIONLESS.
TAKES PLACE.
KEY CONCEPT: CONDITION: GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM
TYPES OF NATURAL SELECTION
1)BRANCHING DESCENT FORMULA: P²+Q²=1; P²+2PQ+Q²=1
SPECIES ARRISE FROM COMMON ANCESTOR
[LIKE BRANCHES ARISE FROM A TREE] FREQUENCY OF FREQUENCY OF FREQUENCY OF
BRANCHES ARE NEW SPECIES AND TREE IS HOMOZYGOUS HETEROZYGOUS HETEROZYGOUS
THE COMMON ANCESTORY. STABLISING DISRUPTIVE DIRECTIONAL DOMINANT ALLEL RECESSIVE GENOTYPE
2)NATURAL SELECTION FAQ
ORGANISM WITH HERITABLE TRAITS BETTER
SUITS TOP THEIR ENVIROMENT ARE MORE IN A POPULATION P IS 0.6 FIND P , Q , 2PQ?
LIKELY TO SURVIVE AND REPRODUCE. [A]STABLISING
INTERMEDIATE SELECTION
EG :WEIGHT OF A BABY
DARWIN LOW AND HIGH WEIGHT ARE DANGEROUS WHILE
FEATURES SALTATION THEORY INTERMIDIATE ARE SAFER ONES.
THEORY
[B]DIRECTIONAL
EITHER EXTREME PEAK SELECTION
EG :CASE OF MOTH
EITHER WHITE MOTH [BEFORE INDUSTRY]
PROPOSED CHARLES OR BLACK MOTH [AFTER INDUSTRY] SURVIVED
HUGO DE VERIS
BY DARWIN [C] DISRUPTIVE
BOTH EXTREME PEAK SELECTION
EG :BEAK VARIATION IN FINCHE
FINCHES DEVELOPED EVERY KIND OF BEAK FOR
SURVIVAL.
GRADUALLY FACTORS AFFECTING HARDY WEINBERG PRINCIPLE
NATURE OF SUDDEN LARGE
OVER
EVOLUTION CHANGES
GENRATION
NATURAL MUTATION GENE GENETIC
NATURAL SELECTION FLOW DRIFT
MAIN CAUSE MUTATION
SELECTION
