NURS 310 Exam 3 – Questions With Accurate
Solutions
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Terms in this set (227)
what is bronchiectasis? permanent abnormal widening of airways due to
inflammation
what is chronic obstructive pulmonary group of diseases including asthma, chronic
disease (COPD)? bronchitis, and emphysema
what is elastic recoil? lungs' ability to expand and contract
what is fremitus? vibration felt during palpation of chest
what is kyphosis? curvature of thoracic spine
what is total lung capacity? maximum volume that lungs can expand during
fullest inspiration
what is vital capacity? maximum amount of air that can be expelled
following maximum inspiration
what are the effects of aging on respiratory problems are easier to develop and
respiratory health? harder to manage
,what are the changes in the upper nose - reduced connective tissue support, thicker
airway paths because of the effects of hair in nostrils
aging? reduced submucosal secretions
trachea stiffens
reduced coughing reflexes
weaker gag reflex
what are the changes in the lungs reduced size and weight
because of the effects of aging? weaker elastic recoil
less elastic alveoli
development of kyphosis and/or barrel chest
reduction in vital capacity
increased residual volume - air left in lungs after fully
exhaling
what are nursing problems related to less effective gas exchange:
respiratory risks with aging? (5 main - reduced elastic recoil during expiration
problems) - hyperinflation of lung apices and underinflation of
lung bases (COPD)
ineffective air exchange:
- increase in residual capacity (volume of air in lungs
after normal, passive expiration)
reduced/poor airway clearance:
- decrease in maximum breathing capacity
- calcification of tracheal and laryngeal cartilage
easily fatigued r/t decreased respiratory efficiency:
- reduced elastic recoil during expiration
increased potential for infection:
- decrease in vital capacity
- reduced ciliary activity
- increased diameter of bronchioles and alveolar
ducts
- loss of skeletal muscle strength in thorax and
diaphragm
- increased rigidity of thoracic muscles and ribs
- increased diameter of anteroposterior chest
- less efficient cough response
,what is a significant age-related alteration of T cells contribute to increase prevalence
change in immune function? (T cells) of lung diseases
what are strategies for respiratory - infection prevention (IS)
health promotion? - flu and pneumonia vaccines
- avoid exposure to people with respiratory
infections
- yoga
- smoking cessation
- caution with self treatment of respiratory issues
- review of medications
- encourage healthy oral cavity
what is a major threat to respiratory immobility
health?
what factors should be considered for outdoor pollutants:
respiratory health promotion? - ozone
- carbon monoxide
- nitrogen oxide
indoor pollutants:
- synthetic or plastic building aterials
- spores
- animal dander
- mites
- pollen plaster
- bacteria/viruses
- cigarette smoke
improve indoor air:
- air filters in heating and AC systems
- regular vacuuming
- damp-dusting furnishings
- discourage cigarette smoking
- open windows to air out rooms
- maintain green houseplants
, what are COPD symptoms? chronic cough
production of mucus
fatigue
SOB
dyspnea
chest discomfort
what group of diseases fall under asthma
COPD? chronic bronchitis
emphysema
what groups are at higher risk for women
COPD? smokers
what presentations does a patient with blue bloater
chronic bronchitis typically have?
what are symptoms of a "blue chronic, productive cough
bloater"? purulent sputum
hemoptysis
mild dyspnea initially
cyanosis - due to hypoxemia (blue in blue bloater)
peripheral edema - due to cor pulmonale
crackles, wheezes
prolonged expiration
obese/fluid retention
what are complications of a "blue secondary polycythemia vera due to hypoxemia -
bloater"? body makes too many RBCs to compensate for low
O2 sat
pulmonary HTN due to reactive vasoconstriction
from hypoxemia
cor pulmonale from chronic pulmonary HTN
what presentations does a patient with pink puffer
emphysema typically have?
Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (227)
what is bronchiectasis? permanent abnormal widening of airways due to
inflammation
what is chronic obstructive pulmonary group of diseases including asthma, chronic
disease (COPD)? bronchitis, and emphysema
what is elastic recoil? lungs' ability to expand and contract
what is fremitus? vibration felt during palpation of chest
what is kyphosis? curvature of thoracic spine
what is total lung capacity? maximum volume that lungs can expand during
fullest inspiration
what is vital capacity? maximum amount of air that can be expelled
following maximum inspiration
what are the effects of aging on respiratory problems are easier to develop and
respiratory health? harder to manage
,what are the changes in the upper nose - reduced connective tissue support, thicker
airway paths because of the effects of hair in nostrils
aging? reduced submucosal secretions
trachea stiffens
reduced coughing reflexes
weaker gag reflex
what are the changes in the lungs reduced size and weight
because of the effects of aging? weaker elastic recoil
less elastic alveoli
development of kyphosis and/or barrel chest
reduction in vital capacity
increased residual volume - air left in lungs after fully
exhaling
what are nursing problems related to less effective gas exchange:
respiratory risks with aging? (5 main - reduced elastic recoil during expiration
problems) - hyperinflation of lung apices and underinflation of
lung bases (COPD)
ineffective air exchange:
- increase in residual capacity (volume of air in lungs
after normal, passive expiration)
reduced/poor airway clearance:
- decrease in maximum breathing capacity
- calcification of tracheal and laryngeal cartilage
easily fatigued r/t decreased respiratory efficiency:
- reduced elastic recoil during expiration
increased potential for infection:
- decrease in vital capacity
- reduced ciliary activity
- increased diameter of bronchioles and alveolar
ducts
- loss of skeletal muscle strength in thorax and
diaphragm
- increased rigidity of thoracic muscles and ribs
- increased diameter of anteroposterior chest
- less efficient cough response
,what is a significant age-related alteration of T cells contribute to increase prevalence
change in immune function? (T cells) of lung diseases
what are strategies for respiratory - infection prevention (IS)
health promotion? - flu and pneumonia vaccines
- avoid exposure to people with respiratory
infections
- yoga
- smoking cessation
- caution with self treatment of respiratory issues
- review of medications
- encourage healthy oral cavity
what is a major threat to respiratory immobility
health?
what factors should be considered for outdoor pollutants:
respiratory health promotion? - ozone
- carbon monoxide
- nitrogen oxide
indoor pollutants:
- synthetic or plastic building aterials
- spores
- animal dander
- mites
- pollen plaster
- bacteria/viruses
- cigarette smoke
improve indoor air:
- air filters in heating and AC systems
- regular vacuuming
- damp-dusting furnishings
- discourage cigarette smoking
- open windows to air out rooms
- maintain green houseplants
, what are COPD symptoms? chronic cough
production of mucus
fatigue
SOB
dyspnea
chest discomfort
what group of diseases fall under asthma
COPD? chronic bronchitis
emphysema
what groups are at higher risk for women
COPD? smokers
what presentations does a patient with blue bloater
chronic bronchitis typically have?
what are symptoms of a "blue chronic, productive cough
bloater"? purulent sputum
hemoptysis
mild dyspnea initially
cyanosis - due to hypoxemia (blue in blue bloater)
peripheral edema - due to cor pulmonale
crackles, wheezes
prolonged expiration
obese/fluid retention
what are complications of a "blue secondary polycythemia vera due to hypoxemia -
bloater"? body makes too many RBCs to compensate for low
O2 sat
pulmonary HTN due to reactive vasoconstriction
from hypoxemia
cor pulmonale from chronic pulmonary HTN
what presentations does a patient with pink puffer
emphysema typically have?
