PSYC 388 INTRODUCTION TO
COUNSELLING FINAL ATHABASCA FINAL
STUDY GUIDE 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⫸ counselling Answer: skilled and principle use of relationships to
facilitate self knowledge, emotional acceptance and growth and the
optimal development of personal resources. presenting issues centres on
development issues, overcoming specific problems, coping better w/ a
crisis situation or overcoming feelings associated with inner conflicts.
- counselling deals w/ wellness, personal growth, career and pathological
concerns
- counselling is conducted w/ people who are functioning well and those
who are having serious problems
- counselling is theory based
⫸ guidance Answer: the process of helping people make important
choices that affects their lives i.e. choosing preferred lifestyle.
early work w/ this was based out of schools nd career centres, it was
beneficial to help less experienced person find direction in life
⫸ leadership Answer: effective leadership includes empathy, group
processing, goal setting, other specific leadership requirements such as
completing performance reviews, communicating compensation
philosophies and practices, addressing colleagues performance
problems, and being accountable for team camaraderie and productivity.
, ⫸ before 1900's (millenium trends) Answer: - mostly advice/info
- developed out of humanitarian causes to improve lives affected by
industrial revolution
- other influences to cousnellings growth: social welfare movement,
spread of public education, various changes in population makeup
(influx of immigrants)
-moral therapy movement in france came to canada ~1850 that promoted
human approach to trwat psych problems
- pioneers of counselling called themselves teachers of social reformers
or advocates - their work built on specific instructions moral instructions
of being good and right as well as a concentrated effort to deal with intra
and interpersonal relations
⫸ 1900 to 1909 (millenium trend) Answer: 2 main movements: mental
health movement (Clifford beers) and vocational guidance movement
(frank parsons)
-vocational guidance movement: choosing a vocation (strong suitability
for career/kinda like drive) related to a knowledge of work, knowledge
of self and a matching of two through true reasoning.
-mental health movement, is essentially based out of a book written by
beers which outted hospitals for their poor treatment of those who were
mentally ill and led to hospitals taking better care of mentally ill patients
⫸ frank parsons Answer: founder of guidance, focus on work and
growth. he was an engineer, college teacher and social worker before
being social reformer. he is best known for founding bostons vocational
COUNSELLING FINAL ATHABASCA FINAL
STUDY GUIDE 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⫸ counselling Answer: skilled and principle use of relationships to
facilitate self knowledge, emotional acceptance and growth and the
optimal development of personal resources. presenting issues centres on
development issues, overcoming specific problems, coping better w/ a
crisis situation or overcoming feelings associated with inner conflicts.
- counselling deals w/ wellness, personal growth, career and pathological
concerns
- counselling is conducted w/ people who are functioning well and those
who are having serious problems
- counselling is theory based
⫸ guidance Answer: the process of helping people make important
choices that affects their lives i.e. choosing preferred lifestyle.
early work w/ this was based out of schools nd career centres, it was
beneficial to help less experienced person find direction in life
⫸ leadership Answer: effective leadership includes empathy, group
processing, goal setting, other specific leadership requirements such as
completing performance reviews, communicating compensation
philosophies and practices, addressing colleagues performance
problems, and being accountable for team camaraderie and productivity.
, ⫸ before 1900's (millenium trends) Answer: - mostly advice/info
- developed out of humanitarian causes to improve lives affected by
industrial revolution
- other influences to cousnellings growth: social welfare movement,
spread of public education, various changes in population makeup
(influx of immigrants)
-moral therapy movement in france came to canada ~1850 that promoted
human approach to trwat psych problems
- pioneers of counselling called themselves teachers of social reformers
or advocates - their work built on specific instructions moral instructions
of being good and right as well as a concentrated effort to deal with intra
and interpersonal relations
⫸ 1900 to 1909 (millenium trend) Answer: 2 main movements: mental
health movement (Clifford beers) and vocational guidance movement
(frank parsons)
-vocational guidance movement: choosing a vocation (strong suitability
for career/kinda like drive) related to a knowledge of work, knowledge
of self and a matching of two through true reasoning.
-mental health movement, is essentially based out of a book written by
beers which outted hospitals for their poor treatment of those who were
mentally ill and led to hospitals taking better care of mentally ill patients
⫸ frank parsons Answer: founder of guidance, focus on work and
growth. he was an engineer, college teacher and social worker before
being social reformer. he is best known for founding bostons vocational
