NR 503 Population Health, Epidemiology & Statistical Principles
Midterm Exam Study Guide – Chamberlain
Questions with Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass
1. How does a provider determine the usefulness, appropriateness, of a
screening test? Where would and NP look to find a screening test? What
de- termines if a screening test should be used?
Answer> Determining whether a screening
test is appropriate requires the APRN to address several aspects of the
disease
of interest. The target population needs to be identifiable. There should be
enough people to make the study cost effective. The preclinical period
should be proficient to allow treatment before symptoms appear so that
early diagnosis and treatment make a difference in terms of outcomes. The
NP could look at the U.S. Preventative1 / Services
10 Task Force, Agency for
Healthcare Research and Quality, and SAMH- SA-HRSA to find a screening
test. Sensitivity and specificity measure the validity of a test. Sensitivity is
the number identified/ the number affected. Specificity is the number
identified in the screening of not having the disease/ the actual number who
, do not have the disease.
2. Can you explain what "descriptive epidemiology" means? What is
the purpose? How is it used?
Answer> It covers time place and person.
First, by looking at the data carefully, the epidemiologist becomes very
familiar with the data. He or she can see what the data can or cannot reveal
based on the variables available, its limitations (for example, the number of
records with missing information for each important variable), and its
eccentricities (for example, all cases range in age from 2 months to 6 years,
plus one 17-year-old.).
Second, the epidemiologist learns the extent and pattern of the public
health prob- lem being investigated — which months, which
neighborhoods, and which groups of people have the most and least cases.
Third, the epidemiologist creates a detailed description of the health of a
population that can be easily communicated with tables, graphs, and maps.
Fourth, the epidemiologist can identify areas or groups within the
population that have high rates of disease. This information in turn provides
important clues to the causes of the disease, and these clues can be turned
into testable hypotheses.
3. How are causation and descriptive epidemiology related, how do they
, work together to aid evidence-based care?
Answer> - helps look at the
cause of the issue or disease process. focuses on the person,
place, and time. An example of how they are intertwined might be a person
who was sick from E. Coli. The physician might look at what the individual
ate to determine what made them sick. For instance, they may have decided
to eat from the salad bar at a local restaurant.
4. What does "causation" mean? Can you relate causation to primary, sec-
ondary and tertiary interventions?
Answer> is an increase in a casual factor or exposure causes an increase in
the outcome of interest (disease). It is related to primary intervention could
be the use of flu vaccines yearly to prevent the flu from causing an illness. A
secondary intervention would be to test for the influenza virus in a patient.
A tertiary intervention would be giving Tamiflu to a flu positive patient. Since
we know that the influenza virus causes the flu when can help to perform
actions against it.
Midterm Exam Study Guide – Chamberlain
Questions with Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass
1. How does a provider determine the usefulness, appropriateness, of a
screening test? Where would and NP look to find a screening test? What
de- termines if a screening test should be used?
Answer> Determining whether a screening
test is appropriate requires the APRN to address several aspects of the
disease
of interest. The target population needs to be identifiable. There should be
enough people to make the study cost effective. The preclinical period
should be proficient to allow treatment before symptoms appear so that
early diagnosis and treatment make a difference in terms of outcomes. The
NP could look at the U.S. Preventative1 / Services
10 Task Force, Agency for
Healthcare Research and Quality, and SAMH- SA-HRSA to find a screening
test. Sensitivity and specificity measure the validity of a test. Sensitivity is
the number identified/ the number affected. Specificity is the number
identified in the screening of not having the disease/ the actual number who
, do not have the disease.
2. Can you explain what "descriptive epidemiology" means? What is
the purpose? How is it used?
Answer> It covers time place and person.
First, by looking at the data carefully, the epidemiologist becomes very
familiar with the data. He or she can see what the data can or cannot reveal
based on the variables available, its limitations (for example, the number of
records with missing information for each important variable), and its
eccentricities (for example, all cases range in age from 2 months to 6 years,
plus one 17-year-old.).
Second, the epidemiologist learns the extent and pattern of the public
health prob- lem being investigated — which months, which
neighborhoods, and which groups of people have the most and least cases.
Third, the epidemiologist creates a detailed description of the health of a
population that can be easily communicated with tables, graphs, and maps.
Fourth, the epidemiologist can identify areas or groups within the
population that have high rates of disease. This information in turn provides
important clues to the causes of the disease, and these clues can be turned
into testable hypotheses.
3. How are causation and descriptive epidemiology related, how do they
, work together to aid evidence-based care?
Answer> - helps look at the
cause of the issue or disease process. focuses on the person,
place, and time. An example of how they are intertwined might be a person
who was sick from E. Coli. The physician might look at what the individual
ate to determine what made them sick. For instance, they may have decided
to eat from the salad bar at a local restaurant.
4. What does "causation" mean? Can you relate causation to primary, sec-
ondary and tertiary interventions?
Answer> is an increase in a casual factor or exposure causes an increase in
the outcome of interest (disease). It is related to primary intervention could
be the use of flu vaccines yearly to prevent the flu from causing an illness. A
secondary intervention would be to test for the influenza virus in a patient.
A tertiary intervention would be giving Tamiflu to a flu positive patient. Since
we know that the influenza virus causes the flu when can help to perform
actions against it.
