LPNU 130 - Adult Medical-Surgical Nursing II
Exam UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER A life-threatening condition caused by
loss of >20% of blood or fluid, impairing the heart's ability to pump blood.
Main causes of hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Hemorrhage, severe
dehydration, plasma loss.
Examples of hemorrhagic causes of hypovolemic shock - CORRECT
ANSWER Trauma, GI bleeding, surgery.
Examples of fluid loss causes of hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Vomiting,
diarrhea, heatstroke, burns.
Examples of plasma loss causes of hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Burns,
pancreatitis.
Neurologic symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Anxiety,
restlessness, confusion, altered mental status.
Cardiovascular symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT
ANSWER Tachycardia, weak/thready pulse, hypotension.
Respiratory symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Tachypnea,
shallow breathing.
Skin symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Pale, cool,
clammy skin; delayed capillary refill.
, Urinary symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Decreased
urine output (<30 mL/hr).
GI symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Thirst, nausea, dry
mucous membranes.
Disorders of coagulation - CORRECT ANSWER Conditions that impair blood's ability
to clot, causing excessive bleeding or thrombosis.
Bleeding disorders - CORRECT ANSWER Disorders characterized by insufficient clot
formation.
Hemophilia A - CORRECT ANSWER A bleeding disorder caused by deficiency of
Factor VIII.
Symptoms of Hemophilia A - CORRECT ANSWER Hemarthrosis, deep muscle
bleeding, prolonged bleeding after injury.
Hemophilia B - CORRECT ANSWER Also known as Christmas disease; caused by
Factor IX deficiency.
Von Willebrand Disease (vWD) - CORRECT ANSWER Caused by deficiency or
dysfunction of von Willebrand Factor (vWF).
Symptoms of vWD - CORRECT ANSWER Mucosal bleeding, menorrhagia, easy
bruising.
Vitamin K deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER Leads to bleeding due to lack of clotting
factors II, VII, IX, and X.
Symptoms of Vitamin K deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER GI bleeding, prolonged
prothrombin time (PT).
Exam UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER A life-threatening condition caused by
loss of >20% of blood or fluid, impairing the heart's ability to pump blood.
Main causes of hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Hemorrhage, severe
dehydration, plasma loss.
Examples of hemorrhagic causes of hypovolemic shock - CORRECT
ANSWER Trauma, GI bleeding, surgery.
Examples of fluid loss causes of hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Vomiting,
diarrhea, heatstroke, burns.
Examples of plasma loss causes of hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Burns,
pancreatitis.
Neurologic symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Anxiety,
restlessness, confusion, altered mental status.
Cardiovascular symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT
ANSWER Tachycardia, weak/thready pulse, hypotension.
Respiratory symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Tachypnea,
shallow breathing.
Skin symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Pale, cool,
clammy skin; delayed capillary refill.
, Urinary symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Decreased
urine output (<30 mL/hr).
GI symptoms of early hypovolemic shock - CORRECT ANSWER Thirst, nausea, dry
mucous membranes.
Disorders of coagulation - CORRECT ANSWER Conditions that impair blood's ability
to clot, causing excessive bleeding or thrombosis.
Bleeding disorders - CORRECT ANSWER Disorders characterized by insufficient clot
formation.
Hemophilia A - CORRECT ANSWER A bleeding disorder caused by deficiency of
Factor VIII.
Symptoms of Hemophilia A - CORRECT ANSWER Hemarthrosis, deep muscle
bleeding, prolonged bleeding after injury.
Hemophilia B - CORRECT ANSWER Also known as Christmas disease; caused by
Factor IX deficiency.
Von Willebrand Disease (vWD) - CORRECT ANSWER Caused by deficiency or
dysfunction of von Willebrand Factor (vWF).
Symptoms of vWD - CORRECT ANSWER Mucosal bleeding, menorrhagia, easy
bruising.
Vitamin K deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER Leads to bleeding due to lack of clotting
factors II, VII, IX, and X.
Symptoms of Vitamin K deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER GI bleeding, prolonged
prothrombin time (PT).
