MAT E 202 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026
Poisson's Ratio - Answers negative ratio between transverse strain and axial strain
"Engineering" Yield Strength - Answers stress at which noticeable plastic deformation has occured
Proportional Limit (Yield Point) - Answers the stress-strain graph is no longer linear
Ultimate Tensile Strength - Answers maximum stress before fracture on a stress - strain graph
Ductility - Answers amount of plastic deformation at failure, stretch
Resilience - Answers area under elastic proportion of the curve, how well a material maintains its
shape
Toughness - Answers area under stress-strain curve, amount of energy a material can absorb
Hardness - Answers resistance to surface plastice deformation
Elastic Deformation - Answers non-permanent alteration to a sample
Plastic Deformation - Answers permanent alteration to a sample
Stiffness - Answers resistance to elastic deformation, Young's modulus
Strength - Answers resistance to plastic deformation
Metals - Answers strong, ductile, high thermal & electrical conductivities
Ceramics - Answers hard, brittle, low thermal & electrical conductivities
Polymers/Plastics - Answers soft, ductile, low strength and densities, low thermal & electrical
conductivities
Thermal Conductivity - Answers ability to conduct heat
Electrical Resistivity - Answers ability to resist flow of electrical current (electrons)
Metallic Bonding - Answers sea of electrons
Ionic Bonding - Answers transfer of electrons
Primary bonding for Metals - Answers metallic bonding
Primary bonding for Ceramics - Answers ionic and covalent
Covalent Bonding - Answers share of electrons
Primary bonding for Plastics/polymers - Answers covalent
Secondary Bonding - Answers long chains formed by attraction forces
Ductile fracture - Answers slow crack propagation, significant plastic deformation, fails with warning
Brittle fracture - Answers rapid crack propagation, little to no plastic deformation, fails without
warning
Stages of Ductile Fracture - Answers necking, void nucleation, void growth and coalescence, crack
propagation, fracture
Brittle factures - Answers chevron markings point towards initiation site
Intergranular - Answers between grains or along grain boundary
Transgranular - Answers through grains or breaking grain boundary
Charpy Test - Answers measure fracture toughness
Fatigue - Answers failure under lengthy period of repeated stress or strain cycling
S - N Curve - Answers stress amplitude - cycles to failure
DBTT - Answers Ductile - Brittle transition temperature, tensile impact test
BCC Fatigue Behaviour - Answers has a fatigue limit
FCC Fatigue Behaviour - Answers no fatigue limit
Improve Fatigue life: reduce magnitude of mean stress - Answers reduce mean stress with
compression, shot peening
Improve Fatigue life: surface treatments - Answers imposing compressive surface stresses the surface
hardness
Improve Fatigue life: design changes - Answers removing stress concentrators
Creep - Answers deformation over time at extreme temperatures and constant strain
Finding creep - Answers T > 0.4(mp) in K
Steady - State Creep Rate - Answers deformation during a test period at constant load and
temperature
Rupture Lifetime - Answers time for fracture of a sample
Primary Creep - Answers slope decreases with time
Secondary Creep - Answers steady - state
Tertiary Creep - Answers slope increases with time
Resistivity - Answers extent a material opposes electrical flow
Electrical Conductivity - Answers amount a material allows for free flowing electrons
Poisson's Ratio - Answers negative ratio between transverse strain and axial strain
"Engineering" Yield Strength - Answers stress at which noticeable plastic deformation has occured
Proportional Limit (Yield Point) - Answers the stress-strain graph is no longer linear
Ultimate Tensile Strength - Answers maximum stress before fracture on a stress - strain graph
Ductility - Answers amount of plastic deformation at failure, stretch
Resilience - Answers area under elastic proportion of the curve, how well a material maintains its
shape
Toughness - Answers area under stress-strain curve, amount of energy a material can absorb
Hardness - Answers resistance to surface plastice deformation
Elastic Deformation - Answers non-permanent alteration to a sample
Plastic Deformation - Answers permanent alteration to a sample
Stiffness - Answers resistance to elastic deformation, Young's modulus
Strength - Answers resistance to plastic deformation
Metals - Answers strong, ductile, high thermal & electrical conductivities
Ceramics - Answers hard, brittle, low thermal & electrical conductivities
Polymers/Plastics - Answers soft, ductile, low strength and densities, low thermal & electrical
conductivities
Thermal Conductivity - Answers ability to conduct heat
Electrical Resistivity - Answers ability to resist flow of electrical current (electrons)
Metallic Bonding - Answers sea of electrons
Ionic Bonding - Answers transfer of electrons
Primary bonding for Metals - Answers metallic bonding
Primary bonding for Ceramics - Answers ionic and covalent
Covalent Bonding - Answers share of electrons
Primary bonding for Plastics/polymers - Answers covalent
Secondary Bonding - Answers long chains formed by attraction forces
Ductile fracture - Answers slow crack propagation, significant plastic deformation, fails with warning
Brittle fracture - Answers rapid crack propagation, little to no plastic deformation, fails without
warning
Stages of Ductile Fracture - Answers necking, void nucleation, void growth and coalescence, crack
propagation, fracture
Brittle factures - Answers chevron markings point towards initiation site
Intergranular - Answers between grains or along grain boundary
Transgranular - Answers through grains or breaking grain boundary
Charpy Test - Answers measure fracture toughness
Fatigue - Answers failure under lengthy period of repeated stress or strain cycling
S - N Curve - Answers stress amplitude - cycles to failure
DBTT - Answers Ductile - Brittle transition temperature, tensile impact test
BCC Fatigue Behaviour - Answers has a fatigue limit
FCC Fatigue Behaviour - Answers no fatigue limit
Improve Fatigue life: reduce magnitude of mean stress - Answers reduce mean stress with
compression, shot peening
Improve Fatigue life: surface treatments - Answers imposing compressive surface stresses the surface
hardness
Improve Fatigue life: design changes - Answers removing stress concentrators
Creep - Answers deformation over time at extreme temperatures and constant strain
Finding creep - Answers T > 0.4(mp) in K
Steady - State Creep Rate - Answers deformation during a test period at constant load and
temperature
Rupture Lifetime - Answers time for fracture of a sample
Primary Creep - Answers slope decreases with time
Secondary Creep - Answers steady - state
Tertiary Creep - Answers slope increases with time
Resistivity - Answers extent a material opposes electrical flow
Electrical Conductivity - Answers amount a material allows for free flowing electrons
