NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm
1. Pathophysiology of asthma (5): -airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-
reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
2. Bronchioles: smaller passageways that originate from the bronchi that
become the alveoli
3. 3 layers of the bronchioles: innermost
layer middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
4. lamina propria: the middle layer of the bronchioles
5. structure of the lamina propria: embedded with connective tissue cells and
immune cells
6. 1.Asthma: Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflam-
matory response in the bronchioles
7. 2.What are 5 s/s of asthma:
coughing wheezing
shortness of
breath rapid
breathing chest
tightness
8. purpose of the lamina propria: white blood cells are present to help protect
the airways
9. How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma: the
WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an inflammatory response
that damages host tissue
10. What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain: columnar
epithe- lial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
11. What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain: smooth
muscle cells
12. what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do: control the
airways ability to constrict and dilate
13. alveolar hyperinflation: When air is unable to move out of the alveolar
like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus plug thus
trapping air inside
1/8
, 14. how does hyperinflation occur?: the ongoing inflammatory process of
asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse around
2/8
1. Pathophysiology of asthma (5): -airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-
reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
2. Bronchioles: smaller passageways that originate from the bronchi that
become the alveoli
3. 3 layers of the bronchioles: innermost
layer middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
4. lamina propria: the middle layer of the bronchioles
5. structure of the lamina propria: embedded with connective tissue cells and
immune cells
6. 1.Asthma: Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflam-
matory response in the bronchioles
7. 2.What are 5 s/s of asthma:
coughing wheezing
shortness of
breath rapid
breathing chest
tightness
8. purpose of the lamina propria: white blood cells are present to help protect
the airways
9. How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma: the
WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an inflammatory response
that damages host tissue
10. What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain: columnar
epithe- lial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
11. What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain: smooth
muscle cells
12. what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do: control the
airways ability to constrict and dilate
13. alveolar hyperinflation: When air is unable to move out of the alveolar
like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus plug thus
trapping air inside
1/8
, 14. how does hyperinflation occur?: the ongoing inflammatory process of
asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse around
2/8
