Nursing (RN) Issues,Verified
Questions & Answers | Complete
Exam Preparation | Principles of
Management | Updated 2026
An unemancipated pediatric client is to undergo a routine medical procedure. Who is
the appropriate authority to provide consent? -
CORRECT ANSWER- either of the child's parents
R: For unemancipated pediatric clients, the parents are required to provide consent.
Either parent may do so. The court intervenes in situations where the parents refuse
to allow a child to undergo treatment. A grandparent may provide consent only if the
situation is an emergency and the parents are not present. The client is underage
and unemancipated; therefore if at all possible, consent must be obtained from one
of the child's parents in a non life-threatening situation."
"A nursing student is examining the health services pyramid. Keeping in mind that
care services begin at the bottom of this pyramid, in which order should care
services be arranged? -
CORRECT ANSWER- According to the health services pyramid, 5. Tertiary health
care forms the highest level of health care; these needs include intensive care and
subacute care
4. The next level of health care is secondary health care services, which include
emergency care and acute medical-surgical care.
3. A nurse should then address the primary health care needs of clients; these needs
include prenatal and baby care and nutrition counseling.
2. Clinical preventive services form the next level of the pyramid.
1. population-based health care services come first."
"According to *Avedis Donabedian*, which is the most important validator of quality
and effectiveness of health care in a hospital -
CORRECT ANSWER- Patient outcomes acheived by the care provided
R: Avedis Donabedian was a physician and founder of the *Donabedian model of
care*. According to him, the patient outcomes obtained by health care delivery
determines the quality and effectiveness of the health care. The number of patients
admitted to a hospital does not indicate the quality of the health care delivered in the
hospital. The values and goals presented by the hospital define the quality of the
,medical system. Similarly, the number of health care workers in the hospital does not
determine the quality or effectiveness of the health care system."
"In what order should a nurse follow steps of risk management to identify potential
hazards and to eliminate them before harm occurs? -
CORRECT ANSWER- To eliminate potential hazards before harm occurs, the nurse
should first
1. identify the possible risks
2. analyze the possible risks
3. act to reduce risks
4. evaluate the steps that have been taken."
"What legal complications might a nurse face for using a restraint without a legal
warrant on a client? -
CORRECT ANSWER- If a nurse uses restraints without a legal warrant on a client,
he/she may be charged with *false imprisonment*."
"What is Libel? -
CORRECT ANSWER- written defamation of character."
"What is negligence? -
CORRECT ANSWER- any conduct that falls below the standard of care."
"What is malpractice? - CORRECT ANSWER- Malpractice is a type of negligence
that is regarded as professional negligence."
"A client with cancer is undergoing treatment in a hospital. The nurse finds the orders
from the primary healthcare provider inappropriate. Clarification from the healthcare
provider does not resolve the nurse's doubts. Who should the nurse contact and
inform next? - CORRECT ANSWER- The nurse should go to the *supervising
nurse* or follow the *established chain of command* if he or she finds any
discrepancies in the primary healthcare provider's orders.
All nurses must act as *risk managers*, depending upon the situation. The nurse in
question should follow the established chain of command to address his or her
doubts. A nursing student is still a novice and is too inexperienced to handle such
matters. A nurse administrator manages client care and the delivery of specific
nursing services within a healthcare agency; a nurse administrator is not the
appropriate person to ask for help in solving the problem at hand."
"A client with diabetes mellitus experiences a sudden fall in blood glucose levels
while travelling by air. The client is not carrying any medications or a copy of a
personal medical record. Which type of health information technology would be
beneficial for this client? - CORRECT ANSWER- The PHR is an electronic health
record which consists of health data and the treatment provided for the client. The
,client can enter the data and maintain these health records. It is easy to carry and
helps healthcare providers provide treatment in emergency conditions. Clinical
health care informatics seeks to transform client health by educating and training
health care professionals. It does not help to provide emergency treatment to the
client while traveling."
"oversees the exchange of client's information among the patient's healthcare
providers and across geographic areas. - CORRECT ANSWER- RHIO"
"The nurse working in a cardiac center is preparing to enter client data using health
information technology. The nurse needs to refer to this data during subsequent
follow-up patient visits. Which type of record should the nurse use to enter patient's
data? - CORRECT ANSWER- EMR - is a client's health record within a healthcare
provider's facility. These records are not intended to be shared between multiple
facilities and agencies."
"According to Quality and Safety Education (QSEN), what is patient-centered care? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Understanding that the client is the source of control when
providing care"
"Which member of the interprofessional team in a palliative care setting serves as
the patient advocate, evaluating the physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of the
patient? - CORRECT ANSWER- NURSE"
"A nurse administers intravenous (IV) therapy to the wrong client. What possible
legal complications might the nurse face in such situation? - CORRECT ANSWER-
MALPRACTICE"
"Assault - CORRECT ANSWER- any action that places the client or the nurse in
fear of a harmful or offensive contact without consent."
"Battery - CORRECT ANSWER- is any intentional touching without consent."
"What purpose does a community health center serve in preventive and primary care
services? - CORRECT ANSWER- Community health centers are outpatient clinics
that provide primary care to a specific population"
"A visitor from a room adjacent to a client asks the nurse what disease the client has.
The nurse responds, "I will not discuss any client's illness with you. Are you
concerned about it?" This response is based on the nurse's knowledge that to
discuss a client's condition with someone not directly involved with that client is an
example of what? - CORRECT ANSWER- Breach of confidentilaity"
, "The nurse is entering a client's data in the electronic health record. What action
should the nurse take to minimize ambiguity and confusion? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Use consistent, codified terminology"
"Whom on the interprofessional team helps the family members prepare for the
patients death and also during greif and bereavement process? - CORRECT
ANSWER- The social worker.
Therefore, the nurse involves the social worker in consoling the family members in
this situation."
"Factors that affect the health and wellness of the client. - CORRECT ANSWER-
Lifestyle, environmental and genetic and physiological
R: Spiritual and emotional factors are internal variables that influence health, health
beliefs, and practices."
"According to informatics, a nurse should use information and technology to: -
CORRECT ANSWER- 1. communicate
2. manage knowledge
3. mitigate errors
4. support decision-making."
"A student nurse is listing the different aspects of the healthcare services pyramid.
Under which type of healthcare services should the student nurse include sports
medicine? - CORRECT ANSWER- The student nurse should include sports
medicine under restorative care. It is not categorized as primary, tertiary, or
preventive healthcare services."
"The adverse effects or complications caused by variation from the standard care or
procedure are known as medical errors. Tracheotomy is a surgical procedure in
which the surgeon makes an opening through the neck into the trachea. During this
procedure, if the surgeon is not careful, the organs located near the trachea such as
the thyroid glands may be ruptured and may lead to complications. - CORRECT
ANSWER- Therefore the presence of hole in the thyroid gland indicates medical
error.
R: Norm effects: Due to the insertion of tracheotomy tube, patients may feel
uncomfortable for a few days. They may have difficulty in talking and swallowing
fluids until they adapt to breathing through the tube. A hole is made in front of the
neck for the insertion of the tube. Thus these findings are not indicative of medical
errors."
Questions & Answers | Complete
Exam Preparation | Principles of
Management | Updated 2026
An unemancipated pediatric client is to undergo a routine medical procedure. Who is
the appropriate authority to provide consent? -
CORRECT ANSWER- either of the child's parents
R: For unemancipated pediatric clients, the parents are required to provide consent.
Either parent may do so. The court intervenes in situations where the parents refuse
to allow a child to undergo treatment. A grandparent may provide consent only if the
situation is an emergency and the parents are not present. The client is underage
and unemancipated; therefore if at all possible, consent must be obtained from one
of the child's parents in a non life-threatening situation."
"A nursing student is examining the health services pyramid. Keeping in mind that
care services begin at the bottom of this pyramid, in which order should care
services be arranged? -
CORRECT ANSWER- According to the health services pyramid, 5. Tertiary health
care forms the highest level of health care; these needs include intensive care and
subacute care
4. The next level of health care is secondary health care services, which include
emergency care and acute medical-surgical care.
3. A nurse should then address the primary health care needs of clients; these needs
include prenatal and baby care and nutrition counseling.
2. Clinical preventive services form the next level of the pyramid.
1. population-based health care services come first."
"According to *Avedis Donabedian*, which is the most important validator of quality
and effectiveness of health care in a hospital -
CORRECT ANSWER- Patient outcomes acheived by the care provided
R: Avedis Donabedian was a physician and founder of the *Donabedian model of
care*. According to him, the patient outcomes obtained by health care delivery
determines the quality and effectiveness of the health care. The number of patients
admitted to a hospital does not indicate the quality of the health care delivered in the
hospital. The values and goals presented by the hospital define the quality of the
,medical system. Similarly, the number of health care workers in the hospital does not
determine the quality or effectiveness of the health care system."
"In what order should a nurse follow steps of risk management to identify potential
hazards and to eliminate them before harm occurs? -
CORRECT ANSWER- To eliminate potential hazards before harm occurs, the nurse
should first
1. identify the possible risks
2. analyze the possible risks
3. act to reduce risks
4. evaluate the steps that have been taken."
"What legal complications might a nurse face for using a restraint without a legal
warrant on a client? -
CORRECT ANSWER- If a nurse uses restraints without a legal warrant on a client,
he/she may be charged with *false imprisonment*."
"What is Libel? -
CORRECT ANSWER- written defamation of character."
"What is negligence? -
CORRECT ANSWER- any conduct that falls below the standard of care."
"What is malpractice? - CORRECT ANSWER- Malpractice is a type of negligence
that is regarded as professional negligence."
"A client with cancer is undergoing treatment in a hospital. The nurse finds the orders
from the primary healthcare provider inappropriate. Clarification from the healthcare
provider does not resolve the nurse's doubts. Who should the nurse contact and
inform next? - CORRECT ANSWER- The nurse should go to the *supervising
nurse* or follow the *established chain of command* if he or she finds any
discrepancies in the primary healthcare provider's orders.
All nurses must act as *risk managers*, depending upon the situation. The nurse in
question should follow the established chain of command to address his or her
doubts. A nursing student is still a novice and is too inexperienced to handle such
matters. A nurse administrator manages client care and the delivery of specific
nursing services within a healthcare agency; a nurse administrator is not the
appropriate person to ask for help in solving the problem at hand."
"A client with diabetes mellitus experiences a sudden fall in blood glucose levels
while travelling by air. The client is not carrying any medications or a copy of a
personal medical record. Which type of health information technology would be
beneficial for this client? - CORRECT ANSWER- The PHR is an electronic health
record which consists of health data and the treatment provided for the client. The
,client can enter the data and maintain these health records. It is easy to carry and
helps healthcare providers provide treatment in emergency conditions. Clinical
health care informatics seeks to transform client health by educating and training
health care professionals. It does not help to provide emergency treatment to the
client while traveling."
"oversees the exchange of client's information among the patient's healthcare
providers and across geographic areas. - CORRECT ANSWER- RHIO"
"The nurse working in a cardiac center is preparing to enter client data using health
information technology. The nurse needs to refer to this data during subsequent
follow-up patient visits. Which type of record should the nurse use to enter patient's
data? - CORRECT ANSWER- EMR - is a client's health record within a healthcare
provider's facility. These records are not intended to be shared between multiple
facilities and agencies."
"According to Quality and Safety Education (QSEN), what is patient-centered care? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Understanding that the client is the source of control when
providing care"
"Which member of the interprofessional team in a palliative care setting serves as
the patient advocate, evaluating the physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of the
patient? - CORRECT ANSWER- NURSE"
"A nurse administers intravenous (IV) therapy to the wrong client. What possible
legal complications might the nurse face in such situation? - CORRECT ANSWER-
MALPRACTICE"
"Assault - CORRECT ANSWER- any action that places the client or the nurse in
fear of a harmful or offensive contact without consent."
"Battery - CORRECT ANSWER- is any intentional touching without consent."
"What purpose does a community health center serve in preventive and primary care
services? - CORRECT ANSWER- Community health centers are outpatient clinics
that provide primary care to a specific population"
"A visitor from a room adjacent to a client asks the nurse what disease the client has.
The nurse responds, "I will not discuss any client's illness with you. Are you
concerned about it?" This response is based on the nurse's knowledge that to
discuss a client's condition with someone not directly involved with that client is an
example of what? - CORRECT ANSWER- Breach of confidentilaity"
, "The nurse is entering a client's data in the electronic health record. What action
should the nurse take to minimize ambiguity and confusion? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Use consistent, codified terminology"
"Whom on the interprofessional team helps the family members prepare for the
patients death and also during greif and bereavement process? - CORRECT
ANSWER- The social worker.
Therefore, the nurse involves the social worker in consoling the family members in
this situation."
"Factors that affect the health and wellness of the client. - CORRECT ANSWER-
Lifestyle, environmental and genetic and physiological
R: Spiritual and emotional factors are internal variables that influence health, health
beliefs, and practices."
"According to informatics, a nurse should use information and technology to: -
CORRECT ANSWER- 1. communicate
2. manage knowledge
3. mitigate errors
4. support decision-making."
"A student nurse is listing the different aspects of the healthcare services pyramid.
Under which type of healthcare services should the student nurse include sports
medicine? - CORRECT ANSWER- The student nurse should include sports
medicine under restorative care. It is not categorized as primary, tertiary, or
preventive healthcare services."
"The adverse effects or complications caused by variation from the standard care or
procedure are known as medical errors. Tracheotomy is a surgical procedure in
which the surgeon makes an opening through the neck into the trachea. During this
procedure, if the surgeon is not careful, the organs located near the trachea such as
the thyroid glands may be ruptured and may lead to complications. - CORRECT
ANSWER- Therefore the presence of hole in the thyroid gland indicates medical
error.
R: Norm effects: Due to the insertion of tracheotomy tube, patients may feel
uncomfortable for a few days. They may have difficulty in talking and swallowing
fluids until they adapt to breathing through the tube. A hole is made in front of the
neck for the insertion of the tube. Thus these findings are not indicative of medical
errors."
