CCBC Nursing Theory and Clinical Practice Examination: Professionalism,
Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory, Clara Barton, Dorothea Orem,
Sister Callista Roy, Patricia Benner, Madeleine Leininger, Jean Watson, Patient-
Centered Care, Swanson’s Caring Process, Therapeutic Communication, Clinical
Judgment, Nursing Process (ADPIE), Reflection-in-Action, Reflection-on-Action,
Stress and Coping, Lazarus-Folkman Theory, General Adaptation Syndrome, Self-
Concept, Cultural Competence, Restorative Care, Evidence-Based Practice,
Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Telehealth, SBAR Communication, Caring
Interventions, 5 C’s of Caring, Maslow’s Hierarchy, Hair and Oral Hygiene,
Bathing and Personal Care, Helping Relationships, Prioritization of Hypotheses,
and Outcomes Evaluation Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete
A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Professionalism
The commitment to conduct oneself with integrity according to the high standards of the
nursing profession and to engage in lifelong learning to pursue excellence, advance nursing
practice, and promote optimal health.
Environmental Theory
Florence Nightingale's theory
"To facilitate repair of the body by manipulating the patient's environment"
"fresh air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness or sanitation, and light/direct sunlight"
With her theory she created sanitary conditions to help aide in the patients recovery that we
still practice in modern day nursing.
,Florence Nightingale's impact on modern day nursing
major reforms in hygiene and sanitation and decreased mortality rates.
"most famous American nurse who was not a nurse"
Clara Barton
Clara Barton's IMPACT on modern day nursing
She established the American Red Cross in 1881, that is still an ongoing organization today.
what made Clara Barton the, "most famous American nurse who was not a nurse" ?
Taught and helped to organize aid to soldiers during the Civil War.
(so people considered her a nurse but she wasn't)
Benedictine Order
- First documented cases of men in nursing
- consisted of both men and women
men were finally permitted to serve as nurses in the military, when?
,During the Korean War
Who excluded men from joining until 1930?
The American Nurses Association
ORIGINALLY established in 1901 and was for women only?
Army Nurse Corp
men working alongside women in nursing?
Religious, Lay Orders & Military both men and women
telehealth
Use of technology to deliver health-related services and information, including telemedicine,
remotely.
reflection-in-action vs. reflection-on-action
Reflection-in-action happens in real time while care is occurring.
Reflection-on-action happens after the patient care occurs.
Tanner's Clinical Judgement Model
, 4 FEATURES OF HIS CLINICAL JUDGEMENT MODEL:
(NIIR)
1. Noticing (What did you notice?)
2. Interpreting ( What does it mean?)
3. Responding (What will you do?)
4. Reflecting (Did it work?)
WHO is Mildred Montag?
She led the movement for Associate Degree Nursing Programs.
WHAT was Mildred Montag's GOAL?
Her goal: Develop a shorter nursing program to decrease the (then) nursing shortage.
WHO is Sister Callista Roy?
Nurse theorists who developed the Adaptation Model - each person is an adaptive system with
input.
individuals are a set of interrelated systems that maintain a balance between these various
stimuli.
Dorothea Orem's Theory
Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing
Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory, Clara Barton, Dorothea Orem,
Sister Callista Roy, Patricia Benner, Madeleine Leininger, Jean Watson, Patient-
Centered Care, Swanson’s Caring Process, Therapeutic Communication, Clinical
Judgment, Nursing Process (ADPIE), Reflection-in-Action, Reflection-on-Action,
Stress and Coping, Lazarus-Folkman Theory, General Adaptation Syndrome, Self-
Concept, Cultural Competence, Restorative Care, Evidence-Based Practice,
Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Telehealth, SBAR Communication, Caring
Interventions, 5 C’s of Caring, Maslow’s Hierarchy, Hair and Oral Hygiene,
Bathing and Personal Care, Helping Relationships, Prioritization of Hypotheses,
and Outcomes Evaluation Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete
A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Professionalism
The commitment to conduct oneself with integrity according to the high standards of the
nursing profession and to engage in lifelong learning to pursue excellence, advance nursing
practice, and promote optimal health.
Environmental Theory
Florence Nightingale's theory
"To facilitate repair of the body by manipulating the patient's environment"
"fresh air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness or sanitation, and light/direct sunlight"
With her theory she created sanitary conditions to help aide in the patients recovery that we
still practice in modern day nursing.
,Florence Nightingale's impact on modern day nursing
major reforms in hygiene and sanitation and decreased mortality rates.
"most famous American nurse who was not a nurse"
Clara Barton
Clara Barton's IMPACT on modern day nursing
She established the American Red Cross in 1881, that is still an ongoing organization today.
what made Clara Barton the, "most famous American nurse who was not a nurse" ?
Taught and helped to organize aid to soldiers during the Civil War.
(so people considered her a nurse but she wasn't)
Benedictine Order
- First documented cases of men in nursing
- consisted of both men and women
men were finally permitted to serve as nurses in the military, when?
,During the Korean War
Who excluded men from joining until 1930?
The American Nurses Association
ORIGINALLY established in 1901 and was for women only?
Army Nurse Corp
men working alongside women in nursing?
Religious, Lay Orders & Military both men and women
telehealth
Use of technology to deliver health-related services and information, including telemedicine,
remotely.
reflection-in-action vs. reflection-on-action
Reflection-in-action happens in real time while care is occurring.
Reflection-on-action happens after the patient care occurs.
Tanner's Clinical Judgement Model
, 4 FEATURES OF HIS CLINICAL JUDGEMENT MODEL:
(NIIR)
1. Noticing (What did you notice?)
2. Interpreting ( What does it mean?)
3. Responding (What will you do?)
4. Reflecting (Did it work?)
WHO is Mildred Montag?
She led the movement for Associate Degree Nursing Programs.
WHAT was Mildred Montag's GOAL?
Her goal: Develop a shorter nursing program to decrease the (then) nursing shortage.
WHO is Sister Callista Roy?
Nurse theorists who developed the Adaptation Model - each person is an adaptive system with
input.
individuals are a set of interrelated systems that maintain a balance between these various
stimuli.
Dorothea Orem's Theory
Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing
