ANES FINAL EXAM| UPDATED QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS |
EXPERT
VERIFIED A+ STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027 LATEST
What is the MOA of benzodiazepines? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>GABA agonist
Which drug class causes ADH inhibition, resulting in diuresis? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Alpha-2 agonists
What is the MOA of opioids? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>inhibition
of nociceptive information pathways
What is the MOA of dissociative anesthetics? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>antagonism of excitatory amino acid
neurotransmitters
Page 1 of 46
,Which ketamine combination is commonly used in horses? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>diazepam or midazolam
What are the most likely targets for anesthetics? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>NMDA receptor GABA receptor
How do we define unconsciousness in animals? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>when there is a loss of righting reflex
analgesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>absence of pain
What is the MOA of anticholinergic agents? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>competitive antagonism of AcH at parasympathetic
muscarinic cholinergic receptors
What is the MOA of acepromazine? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>central antagonism of D2 dopamine receptors and H1
histamine receptors
peripheral alpha-1 adrenergic blockade
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,What is the relationship between MAC and potency? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>The higher the MAC, the lower the potency
MAC of isoflurane - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>1.3-1.6%
MAC of sevoflurane - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>2.4-2.6%
T/F: Pre-meds increase the MAC. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>False
- premeds decrease MAC T/F: The MORE soluble the inhalant is in
the blood, the LONGER it takes to produce anesthesia.
- CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True
T/F: All inhalants have a wide safety margin. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>False - inhalants have a narrow margin of safety
Time constant - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>volume/inflow
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, T/F: A patient that moves is always considered conscious. -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>False - movement does not equal
consciousness
Which stage of anesthesia does involuntary excitement occur? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Stage 2
Differentials for tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>electrolyte
disturbance hypotension anaphylaxis
hypovolemia
Differentials for bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>increased
vagal tone hypothermia
hyperkalemia
Differentials for tachypnea - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>hypoxemia
hypercarbia hyperthermia
Differentials for bradypnea/apnea - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>hypothermia
MS weakness
Page 4 of 46
WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS |
EXPERT
VERIFIED A+ STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027 LATEST
What is the MOA of benzodiazepines? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>GABA agonist
Which drug class causes ADH inhibition, resulting in diuresis? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Alpha-2 agonists
What is the MOA of opioids? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>inhibition
of nociceptive information pathways
What is the MOA of dissociative anesthetics? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>antagonism of excitatory amino acid
neurotransmitters
Page 1 of 46
,Which ketamine combination is commonly used in horses? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>diazepam or midazolam
What are the most likely targets for anesthetics? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>NMDA receptor GABA receptor
How do we define unconsciousness in animals? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>when there is a loss of righting reflex
analgesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>absence of pain
What is the MOA of anticholinergic agents? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>competitive antagonism of AcH at parasympathetic
muscarinic cholinergic receptors
What is the MOA of acepromazine? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>central antagonism of D2 dopamine receptors and H1
histamine receptors
peripheral alpha-1 adrenergic blockade
Page 2 of 46
,What is the relationship between MAC and potency? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>The higher the MAC, the lower the potency
MAC of isoflurane - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>1.3-1.6%
MAC of sevoflurane - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>2.4-2.6%
T/F: Pre-meds increase the MAC. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>False
- premeds decrease MAC T/F: The MORE soluble the inhalant is in
the blood, the LONGER it takes to produce anesthesia.
- CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True
T/F: All inhalants have a wide safety margin. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>False - inhalants have a narrow margin of safety
Time constant - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>volume/inflow
Page 3 of 46
, T/F: A patient that moves is always considered conscious. -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>False - movement does not equal
consciousness
Which stage of anesthesia does involuntary excitement occur? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Stage 2
Differentials for tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>electrolyte
disturbance hypotension anaphylaxis
hypovolemia
Differentials for bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>increased
vagal tone hypothermia
hyperkalemia
Differentials for tachypnea - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>hypoxemia
hypercarbia hyperthermia
Differentials for bradypnea/apnea - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>hypothermia
MS weakness
Page 4 of 46
