SARAH MICHELLE BOARD REVIEW 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ What are common signs and symptoms of Meniere's Disease?
Answer: Vertigo, tinnitus, ear pressure, nystagmus
◉ What is our biggest worry for a Meniere's Disease patient?
Answer: There is a possibility for a potential, permanent hearing
loss.
◉ What is rhinitis meidcamentosa? Answer: Drug-induced rebound
nasal congestion, this can happen after use of nasal decongestants
like Afrin. These nasal decongestants should ideally not be used for
greater than 3-5 days because of this risk.
◉ What is herpes keratitis? Answer: This is an infection of the
cornea due to herpes simplex virus
◉ How is herpes keratitis diagnosed? Answer: By examining the eye
under a black lamp and visualized the cornea, in herpes keratitis,
fern like lines will be seen on the cornea
◉ A child that has a history of mononucleosis is at increased risk for
development for what cancer later in life? And why? Answer:
,Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Burkitt's Lymphoma, this is due to the
exposure of the Epstein-Barr virus
◉ What types of patients will be at a higher risk of pneumonia?
Answer: Patient with chronic lung diseases: asthma, COPD, cystic
fibrosis.
◉ Why are cough suppressants not helpful in pneumonia patients?
Answer: Because we WANT them to get that gunk out, we do not
want them to hold it in their lungs, an expectorant would be a better
option for these patients.
◉ When should a follow up chest X-Ray be completed after
treatment of pneumonia? Answer: Around 8 week mark
◉ What is COPD? Answer: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
This is a chronic condition that is made up of chronic bronchitis and
emphysema. It is a progressive inflammatory lung disease that
makes it hard for the patients to breathe, because the chronic
bronchitis leads to mucous build up and the emphysema portion
destroys areas of the lungs.
◉ What signs and symptoms are common in COPD patients?
Answer: Chronic cough
Sputum production
,Dyspnea- difficulty breathing
◉ What signs and symptoms are specific to B12 deficiency anemia?
Answer: Neurological symptoms, paresthesia (numbness and
tingling in hands and feet), unsteady gait, memory issues
Beefy red tongue
◉ What diet can result in B12 deficiency? Answer: Vegan- oral
supplements can be used for treatment
◉ What surgery can result in B12 deficiency? Answer: Gastric
surgery- patient will lose intrinsic factor that is required to absorb
B12- these patients will require life long IM B12 injections
◉ What patient population is lupus commonly seen? Answer:
Women of childbearing age- ages 15-45, African Americans are
going to be at higher risk
◉ What is the diagnostic criteria for Lupus? Answer: Must have
4/11 diagnostic criteria:
Malar rash
Discoid rash
Photosensitivity
, Oral/nasal ulcers
Non-erosive arthritis
Cardio-pulmonary complaints
Renal complaints
Neurological concerns
Immunological disorders
+ ANA test
Hematologic disorders
◉ What is Sjogren's Syndrome and what is the treatment? Answer:
Dry eyes and dry mouth- treatment revolves around symptom
management- artificial tears, hard candies, etc.
Common in lupus patients
◉ What is a major concern for lupus patients? How do we monitor
this? Answer: Impact on the kidneys- Lupus nephritis
Be on the look out for glomerularnephritis as well as proteinuria
These patients will require routine UA for assessment of their
kidneys and protect them
◉ What is the function of the thyroid? Answer: Viral hormone gland
Metabolism regulation- impacts every SINGLE cell within the body
Proper growth and development across the entire lifespan
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ What are common signs and symptoms of Meniere's Disease?
Answer: Vertigo, tinnitus, ear pressure, nystagmus
◉ What is our biggest worry for a Meniere's Disease patient?
Answer: There is a possibility for a potential, permanent hearing
loss.
◉ What is rhinitis meidcamentosa? Answer: Drug-induced rebound
nasal congestion, this can happen after use of nasal decongestants
like Afrin. These nasal decongestants should ideally not be used for
greater than 3-5 days because of this risk.
◉ What is herpes keratitis? Answer: This is an infection of the
cornea due to herpes simplex virus
◉ How is herpes keratitis diagnosed? Answer: By examining the eye
under a black lamp and visualized the cornea, in herpes keratitis,
fern like lines will be seen on the cornea
◉ A child that has a history of mononucleosis is at increased risk for
development for what cancer later in life? And why? Answer:
,Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Burkitt's Lymphoma, this is due to the
exposure of the Epstein-Barr virus
◉ What types of patients will be at a higher risk of pneumonia?
Answer: Patient with chronic lung diseases: asthma, COPD, cystic
fibrosis.
◉ Why are cough suppressants not helpful in pneumonia patients?
Answer: Because we WANT them to get that gunk out, we do not
want them to hold it in their lungs, an expectorant would be a better
option for these patients.
◉ When should a follow up chest X-Ray be completed after
treatment of pneumonia? Answer: Around 8 week mark
◉ What is COPD? Answer: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
This is a chronic condition that is made up of chronic bronchitis and
emphysema. It is a progressive inflammatory lung disease that
makes it hard for the patients to breathe, because the chronic
bronchitis leads to mucous build up and the emphysema portion
destroys areas of the lungs.
◉ What signs and symptoms are common in COPD patients?
Answer: Chronic cough
Sputum production
,Dyspnea- difficulty breathing
◉ What signs and symptoms are specific to B12 deficiency anemia?
Answer: Neurological symptoms, paresthesia (numbness and
tingling in hands and feet), unsteady gait, memory issues
Beefy red tongue
◉ What diet can result in B12 deficiency? Answer: Vegan- oral
supplements can be used for treatment
◉ What surgery can result in B12 deficiency? Answer: Gastric
surgery- patient will lose intrinsic factor that is required to absorb
B12- these patients will require life long IM B12 injections
◉ What patient population is lupus commonly seen? Answer:
Women of childbearing age- ages 15-45, African Americans are
going to be at higher risk
◉ What is the diagnostic criteria for Lupus? Answer: Must have
4/11 diagnostic criteria:
Malar rash
Discoid rash
Photosensitivity
, Oral/nasal ulcers
Non-erosive arthritis
Cardio-pulmonary complaints
Renal complaints
Neurological concerns
Immunological disorders
+ ANA test
Hematologic disorders
◉ What is Sjogren's Syndrome and what is the treatment? Answer:
Dry eyes and dry mouth- treatment revolves around symptom
management- artificial tears, hard candies, etc.
Common in lupus patients
◉ What is a major concern for lupus patients? How do we monitor
this? Answer: Impact on the kidneys- Lupus nephritis
Be on the look out for glomerularnephritis as well as proteinuria
These patients will require routine UA for assessment of their
kidneys and protect them
◉ What is the function of the thyroid? Answer: Viral hormone gland
Metabolism regulation- impacts every SINGLE cell within the body
Proper growth and development across the entire lifespan
