NEUROLOGY USMLE EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2026/2027 LATEST UPDATED
Kinesins move (toward/away) cell body while Dyneins move (Toward/away)
cell body of neuron. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Microtubular motor proteins.
Kinesins move away from the cell body toward the axon, carrying vesicles and
organelles in anterograde transport. Dyneins move toward cell body carrying
things in retrograde transport. Dyneins also function in ciliary and flagellar
movement. Hydrolyze ATP to move.
What is Nissl substance? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The Rough ER of
neuron which is in the
cell body. Does not extend to axons.
Which is larger microfilament, microtubule, intermediate filament? -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Microtubule. Then intermediate filament. Then
microfilament.
Page 1 of 41
,bias can occur with inappropriate (non random) methods or through selective
attrition of study participants. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Selection bias. It
creates a population that does not accurately represent the real population. Can
result in erroneous conclusions.
The odds ratio approximates the when disease prevalence is low. -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Relative risk.
can be defined as teh tiem between the initial detection of a disease and a
specific outcome or measured endpoint. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Lead
time. Lead time bias occurs when comparing two different tests for the same
disease when one of the tests can accurately detect the disease at an earlier stage
A 24 year old male is evaluated for chronic headaches and visual changes.
Intracranial calcified mass is seen on MRI. Gross insp shows cystic spaces w
thick brownish fluid rich in cholesterol. The mass most likely shares a common
origin w which:
A. Choroid plexus
B Pineal gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Cerebellar vermis
E. Retina - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Pituitary gland. Calcified cystic
mass in a young adult w no other risks is likely a Craniopharyngioma.
Suprasellar region. Cystic or partially cystic w solid areas. LM shows stratefied
Page 2 of 41
,squamous epith and possibly Keratin pearls. Cysts are filled w yeloow viscous
fluid rich in cholesterol crystals.
Derived from Rathke's pouch remnants. Rathke's pouch is an evagination of the
ectoderm that lines the fetal oral cavity. It protrudes up to form the anterior
pituitary gland. Posterior pit is neuroectoderm.
are calcified cystic tumors that derive from Rathke's pouch, whcih is an
embryonic
precursor to the anterior pituitary. Commonly cause HA, growth failure,
bitemporal hemianopia.
- CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Craniopharyngiomas
bias occurs when comparing two different tests for the same disease when
one
of the tests can accurately detect the disease at an earlier stage - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Lead time bias. A study comparing disease survival times may
erroneously
conclude that using the earlier-detection test prolongs survival, when in
actuality, the increased
survival is solely due to earlier detection of disease.
bias occurs when someone misclassifies data secondary to individual
differences in interpretation or preconceived expectations regarding the study. -
CORRECT
Page 3 of 41
, ANSWER>>>>Observer bias. It can be reduced w a double blind study and
having multiple
encoders of data.
Are the nicotinic receptors on skeletal muscle endplate ligand gated or voltage
gated and how do
they initiate signaling? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Ligand gated (ACh binds)
and they open
Na and K channels.
Does the initial upstroke in the SA node depend on Na or Ca? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Calcium. Everywhere else, skletal muscle, smooth muscle,
cardiac muscle in purkinje fibers, it depends on sodium.
Calcium does flood in when the depolarization from opening Na and K channels
leads to VGCC activation.
A 4 year old boy w difficulty walking. PMH shows frequent respiratory
infections. Cultured cells from the patient show a high rate of radiation induced
genetic mutation. This patient is likely to experience which of the following?
Neurofibrillary tangles in neocortex
Cerebellar atrophy
Loss of neurons in substantia nigra Atrophy of caudate nucleus
Posterior column degeneration
Page 4 of 41
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2026/2027 LATEST UPDATED
Kinesins move (toward/away) cell body while Dyneins move (Toward/away)
cell body of neuron. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Microtubular motor proteins.
Kinesins move away from the cell body toward the axon, carrying vesicles and
organelles in anterograde transport. Dyneins move toward cell body carrying
things in retrograde transport. Dyneins also function in ciliary and flagellar
movement. Hydrolyze ATP to move.
What is Nissl substance? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The Rough ER of
neuron which is in the
cell body. Does not extend to axons.
Which is larger microfilament, microtubule, intermediate filament? -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Microtubule. Then intermediate filament. Then
microfilament.
Page 1 of 41
,bias can occur with inappropriate (non random) methods or through selective
attrition of study participants. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Selection bias. It
creates a population that does not accurately represent the real population. Can
result in erroneous conclusions.
The odds ratio approximates the when disease prevalence is low. -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Relative risk.
can be defined as teh tiem between the initial detection of a disease and a
specific outcome or measured endpoint. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Lead
time. Lead time bias occurs when comparing two different tests for the same
disease when one of the tests can accurately detect the disease at an earlier stage
A 24 year old male is evaluated for chronic headaches and visual changes.
Intracranial calcified mass is seen on MRI. Gross insp shows cystic spaces w
thick brownish fluid rich in cholesterol. The mass most likely shares a common
origin w which:
A. Choroid plexus
B Pineal gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Cerebellar vermis
E. Retina - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Pituitary gland. Calcified cystic
mass in a young adult w no other risks is likely a Craniopharyngioma.
Suprasellar region. Cystic or partially cystic w solid areas. LM shows stratefied
Page 2 of 41
,squamous epith and possibly Keratin pearls. Cysts are filled w yeloow viscous
fluid rich in cholesterol crystals.
Derived from Rathke's pouch remnants. Rathke's pouch is an evagination of the
ectoderm that lines the fetal oral cavity. It protrudes up to form the anterior
pituitary gland. Posterior pit is neuroectoderm.
are calcified cystic tumors that derive from Rathke's pouch, whcih is an
embryonic
precursor to the anterior pituitary. Commonly cause HA, growth failure,
bitemporal hemianopia.
- CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Craniopharyngiomas
bias occurs when comparing two different tests for the same disease when
one
of the tests can accurately detect the disease at an earlier stage - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Lead time bias. A study comparing disease survival times may
erroneously
conclude that using the earlier-detection test prolongs survival, when in
actuality, the increased
survival is solely due to earlier detection of disease.
bias occurs when someone misclassifies data secondary to individual
differences in interpretation or preconceived expectations regarding the study. -
CORRECT
Page 3 of 41
, ANSWER>>>>Observer bias. It can be reduced w a double blind study and
having multiple
encoders of data.
Are the nicotinic receptors on skeletal muscle endplate ligand gated or voltage
gated and how do
they initiate signaling? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Ligand gated (ACh binds)
and they open
Na and K channels.
Does the initial upstroke in the SA node depend on Na or Ca? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Calcium. Everywhere else, skletal muscle, smooth muscle,
cardiac muscle in purkinje fibers, it depends on sodium.
Calcium does flood in when the depolarization from opening Na and K channels
leads to VGCC activation.
A 4 year old boy w difficulty walking. PMH shows frequent respiratory
infections. Cultured cells from the patient show a high rate of radiation induced
genetic mutation. This patient is likely to experience which of the following?
Neurofibrillary tangles in neocortex
Cerebellar atrophy
Loss of neurons in substantia nigra Atrophy of caudate nucleus
Posterior column degeneration
Page 4 of 41
