NURS 6512 ADVANCED HEALTH ASSESSMENT
MIDTERM ACTUAL PAPER 2026 VERIFIED STUDY
SOLUTIONS
◉ hypokalemia. Answer: hyperpolarization, nonresponsive cardiac
cells, depressed st, bipastic twave, affected uwave
◉ what controls potassium balance. Answer: cortical collecting
ducts of kidneys with most being lost in urine
◉ what anion follows sodium in ECF. Answer: chloride
◉ Normal pH of arterial blood. Answer: ph of 7.4
◉ normal ph. Answer: 7.0-7.45 (alkalemia >7.45) acidosis (<7.0)
◉ 3 ways hydrogen is regulated. Answer: chemical buffer system,
brain stem, renal mechanism
◉ corns. Answer: flat, slightly elevated, painful, smooth hard surface,
pressure points
,◉ calluses. Answer: thickened skin due to hyperkeratosis, weight
bearing area of feet and hands, not well demarcated, not tender
◉ striae. Answer: stretch marks
◉ melasma. Answer: increased pigmentation associated with
pregnancy
◉ acanthosis nigricans. Answer: brown thickening of skin, axillae,
neck, groin
◉ vitiligo. Answer: localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized
by milk-white patches
◉ nevi. Answer: moles, large variation
Normal: all one color, clearly defined borders, flat or smooth, less
than <6mm
atypical: mixed colors, irregular borders, textured, larger than 6mm
◉ Acne (acne vulgaris). Answer: Skin disorder characterized by
chronic inflammation the sebatious glands from retained secretions
and Propionibacterium acnes
could be cystic as well
, ◉ petechiae, purpura, ecchymoses. Answer: Three terms that refer
to bleeding that occurs in the skin are petechiae, purpura, and
ecchymoses. Generally, the term "petechiae" refers to smaller
lesions. "Purpura" and "ecchymoses" are terms that refer to larger
lesions. In certain situations purpura may be palpable. In all
situations, petechiae, ecchymoses, and purpura do not blanch when
pressed. If there is any question, press on the lesions carefully with a
glass slide. Don't break the slide or cut the patient.
◉ Telangiectasia. Answer: skin lesion due to permanently enlarged
and dilated blood vessels that are visible
◉ spider angioma (telangiectasia). Answer: dilated radiating
capillaries surrounding a central arteriole on the face, forearms, and
hands
radiating telangiectases blanch under diascopy, the center does not
red in color
f>m
liver disease, young children, hyperestrogenic states
treat with electrocautery and laser surgery
up to 1.5cm
◉ dermatographia test. Answer: take your fingernail run along the
skin wait a few seconds, if you see the mark still there elevating that
is positive response
MIDTERM ACTUAL PAPER 2026 VERIFIED STUDY
SOLUTIONS
◉ hypokalemia. Answer: hyperpolarization, nonresponsive cardiac
cells, depressed st, bipastic twave, affected uwave
◉ what controls potassium balance. Answer: cortical collecting
ducts of kidneys with most being lost in urine
◉ what anion follows sodium in ECF. Answer: chloride
◉ Normal pH of arterial blood. Answer: ph of 7.4
◉ normal ph. Answer: 7.0-7.45 (alkalemia >7.45) acidosis (<7.0)
◉ 3 ways hydrogen is regulated. Answer: chemical buffer system,
brain stem, renal mechanism
◉ corns. Answer: flat, slightly elevated, painful, smooth hard surface,
pressure points
,◉ calluses. Answer: thickened skin due to hyperkeratosis, weight
bearing area of feet and hands, not well demarcated, not tender
◉ striae. Answer: stretch marks
◉ melasma. Answer: increased pigmentation associated with
pregnancy
◉ acanthosis nigricans. Answer: brown thickening of skin, axillae,
neck, groin
◉ vitiligo. Answer: localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized
by milk-white patches
◉ nevi. Answer: moles, large variation
Normal: all one color, clearly defined borders, flat or smooth, less
than <6mm
atypical: mixed colors, irregular borders, textured, larger than 6mm
◉ Acne (acne vulgaris). Answer: Skin disorder characterized by
chronic inflammation the sebatious glands from retained secretions
and Propionibacterium acnes
could be cystic as well
, ◉ petechiae, purpura, ecchymoses. Answer: Three terms that refer
to bleeding that occurs in the skin are petechiae, purpura, and
ecchymoses. Generally, the term "petechiae" refers to smaller
lesions. "Purpura" and "ecchymoses" are terms that refer to larger
lesions. In certain situations purpura may be palpable. In all
situations, petechiae, ecchymoses, and purpura do not blanch when
pressed. If there is any question, press on the lesions carefully with a
glass slide. Don't break the slide or cut the patient.
◉ Telangiectasia. Answer: skin lesion due to permanently enlarged
and dilated blood vessels that are visible
◉ spider angioma (telangiectasia). Answer: dilated radiating
capillaries surrounding a central arteriole on the face, forearms, and
hands
radiating telangiectases blanch under diascopy, the center does not
red in color
f>m
liver disease, young children, hyperestrogenic states
treat with electrocautery and laser surgery
up to 1.5cm
◉ dermatographia test. Answer: take your fingernail run along the
skin wait a few seconds, if you see the mark still there elevating that
is positive response
