NU 110
Galen A&P NU-110 Exam 4 Questions
and Answers 2026
The Central Nervous System (CNS)
Includes the brain and the spinal cord
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
includes the nerves that connect the Central Nervous system with the rest of the
body
2 parts of nervous tissue
Glia Cells, and neurons.
Glia cell
are support cells of the brain
astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes
makes the blood brain barrier. Connects to blood vessels and acts as the gate
keeper. Does allot with metabolism, mostly of medication
Microglia
immune cells of the brain. Migrate to the area of injury, it covers it and cleans it
up. It does not have allot of T or B cells.
Oligodendrocytes
secretes allot of myelin. It is important for the neuron. Actually wraps around
portions of the neuron.
Myelin
increases the speed of the neuron. It is the white matter of the brain and the
spinal cord.
Neurons and Glia can grow back
but they grow back very slowly.
NU 110
,NU 110
neuron information only travels
in one direction. That way there is no traffic jams or mixed signals.
Dendrites
where the information comes in to the neuron
Cell Body
houses the nucleus and other cell structures. Receives signal from the dendrites.
Axon
gets information from the cell body
Axon Terminals
Get information from the axon. Is where we release all of the neuron transmitters.
Myelin
Not all neurons have ______ but those that do move information quickly
Afferent Neurons
are sensory neurons. Carries information to the Central nervous system.
Interneurons
makes connections within the central nervous system.
Efferent Neurons.
Motor neurons. Carry information away from the Central nervous system and
towards the periphery.
Neurons and Glia are all
intermingled together
Action Potential or Nerve impulse
is the electrical signal. Can only happen in the neuron
Neuron can only be in one of 3 states
Polarization, Depolarization, Repolarization
Polarization State.
NU 110
, NU 110
is the resting State. The inside is more negative. Potassium is being moved out.
and the inside of the cell becomes more negative.
Depolarization
Is a stimulated neuron. The inside of the cell becomes more positive. There is allot
of Sodium to come into the cell.
Repolarization
returns to resting. Charge goes back to negative inside. Puts all of the ions back to
where they are supposed to be. So potassium moves out. Back to negative charge
on the inside.
Refectory Period.
Cell is not able to respond to another action potential until repolarization is
complete and everything is back to where it is supposed to be.
Make myelin (2 cells)
are schwann cells and oligodendrocytes.
Schwann cell is located in the
peripheral nervous system. makes myelin
In a myelinated nerve
the nerve impulse jumps from node to node.
Saltatory Conduction
it is the jumping of the nerve impulse in the myelinated nerve.
Myelination increases
the speed of the nerve impulse.
Gray matter
does not have any myelination.
Corpus Collosum
is the only bridge from the right and left side of the brain.
Synapse or Synaptic Cleft
NU 110
Galen A&P NU-110 Exam 4 Questions
and Answers 2026
The Central Nervous System (CNS)
Includes the brain and the spinal cord
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
includes the nerves that connect the Central Nervous system with the rest of the
body
2 parts of nervous tissue
Glia Cells, and neurons.
Glia cell
are support cells of the brain
astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes
makes the blood brain barrier. Connects to blood vessels and acts as the gate
keeper. Does allot with metabolism, mostly of medication
Microglia
immune cells of the brain. Migrate to the area of injury, it covers it and cleans it
up. It does not have allot of T or B cells.
Oligodendrocytes
secretes allot of myelin. It is important for the neuron. Actually wraps around
portions of the neuron.
Myelin
increases the speed of the neuron. It is the white matter of the brain and the
spinal cord.
Neurons and Glia can grow back
but they grow back very slowly.
NU 110
,NU 110
neuron information only travels
in one direction. That way there is no traffic jams or mixed signals.
Dendrites
where the information comes in to the neuron
Cell Body
houses the nucleus and other cell structures. Receives signal from the dendrites.
Axon
gets information from the cell body
Axon Terminals
Get information from the axon. Is where we release all of the neuron transmitters.
Myelin
Not all neurons have ______ but those that do move information quickly
Afferent Neurons
are sensory neurons. Carries information to the Central nervous system.
Interneurons
makes connections within the central nervous system.
Efferent Neurons.
Motor neurons. Carry information away from the Central nervous system and
towards the periphery.
Neurons and Glia are all
intermingled together
Action Potential or Nerve impulse
is the electrical signal. Can only happen in the neuron
Neuron can only be in one of 3 states
Polarization, Depolarization, Repolarization
Polarization State.
NU 110
, NU 110
is the resting State. The inside is more negative. Potassium is being moved out.
and the inside of the cell becomes more negative.
Depolarization
Is a stimulated neuron. The inside of the cell becomes more positive. There is allot
of Sodium to come into the cell.
Repolarization
returns to resting. Charge goes back to negative inside. Puts all of the ions back to
where they are supposed to be. So potassium moves out. Back to negative charge
on the inside.
Refectory Period.
Cell is not able to respond to another action potential until repolarization is
complete and everything is back to where it is supposed to be.
Make myelin (2 cells)
are schwann cells and oligodendrocytes.
Schwann cell is located in the
peripheral nervous system. makes myelin
In a myelinated nerve
the nerve impulse jumps from node to node.
Saltatory Conduction
it is the jumping of the nerve impulse in the myelinated nerve.
Myelination increases
the speed of the nerve impulse.
Gray matter
does not have any myelination.
Corpus Collosum
is the only bridge from the right and left side of the brain.
Synapse or Synaptic Cleft
NU 110
