PCB4674 Evolution Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_isvb3l
1. Evolution can generally be defined as: Change in inherited traits in a population across genera-
tions
2. Although most of the mechanisms of evolution are nonrandom, the one that
is absolutely random is: Genetic drift
3. A hypothetical population has two alleles for a gene:
A and a. In a random sample of 100 individuals, 20 are homozygous for A, 10 are
homozygous for a, and 70 are heterozygous. What is the frequency of A?: 0.55
4. Which part of the Hardy-Weinberg indicates frequency of heterozygotes?: 2pq
5. If a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and
if p = 0.16 and is a dominant allele, what is the
expected value of p after 200 generations, if all Hardy-Weinberg conditions are
continually met?: 0.16
6. Which of the following is an accurate statement of relationships?: A seal is equally
related to a horse and a whale
7. Which of the following groups form a clade (i.e., are part of a monophyletic
group)?: Hippopotamus, whale and giraffe
8. Which of the following does NOT tend to promote speciation?: Gene flow
9. Ernest Hemingway was once given a six-toed cat as a gift. That cat's descen-
dants now live at the Ernest Hemingway home and museum on Key West.
More than half of the Hemingway house cats now have polydactyly.This is a
much higher frequency than in the general housecat population, making the
situation an example of _____.: Founder effect
10. Which of the following is NOT an example of evolution?: When humans travel to a high
altitude, their physiology changes to accommodate lower oxygen levels
11. James Hutton's theory of uniformitarianism, which states that geological
processes have operated at the same gradual rate throughout Earth's history,
provided a critical foundation for Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. Which
of the following best describes the key connection between Hutton's ideas and
Darwin's theory?: Hutton's work provided the concept of 'deep time,' which suggested the Earth was old
enough for the slow, gradual process of evolution by natural selection to occur.
1/8
, PCB4674 Evolution Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_isvb3l
12. Which of the following scenarios is the best example of artificial selection?-
: Farmers choose to breed the largest and most productive cows from their herd to increase milk yield in the next
generation.
13. What event is widely considered the primary trigger for Charles Darwin to
finally publish his theory of evolution in On the Origin of Species?: The receipt of a
letter and manuscript from Alfred Russel Wallace outlining a nearly identical theory of natural selection.
14. Ring species provide a powerful demonstration of speciation because they
show how:: A single species can gradually diverge into two or more distinct species, with a continuum of
interbreeding populations connecting the two reproductively isolated ends.
15. Which of the following is NOT an example of a vestigial structure?: The front flipper
of a seal.
16. Which of the following is the primary reason that Jean-Baptiste Lamarck's
theory of the inheritance of acquired characteristics was refuted by later scien-
tific discoveries?: The discovery of genes and modern genetics showed that changes to an organism's body
cells do not affect its heritable genetic material.
17. Which of the following best describes the significance of the fossil Tiktaalik
in the study of evolution?: It demonstrates a key transitional form with a mix of fish-like and tetrapod-like
features.
18. After several generations of selectively breeding mice in a laboratory, Ted
Garland and his colleagues established populations of mice that voluntarily
chose to run great distances on exercise wheels. The process of establishing
these populations of mice is termed ________.: Artificial selection
19. Radioactive dating techniques have demonstrated that Earth was formed
approximately ________ years ago.: 4.6 billion
20. Pleiotropy occurs when ______________: A mutation in a single gene affects multiple phenotypic
traits
21. Processed pseudogenes are useful for testing Darwin's theory of descent
with modification because they ________.: Accumulate mutations at a constant rate, and thus older
processed pseudogenes should be shared by a greater variety of species.
2/8
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_isvb3l
1. Evolution can generally be defined as: Change in inherited traits in a population across genera-
tions
2. Although most of the mechanisms of evolution are nonrandom, the one that
is absolutely random is: Genetic drift
3. A hypothetical population has two alleles for a gene:
A and a. In a random sample of 100 individuals, 20 are homozygous for A, 10 are
homozygous for a, and 70 are heterozygous. What is the frequency of A?: 0.55
4. Which part of the Hardy-Weinberg indicates frequency of heterozygotes?: 2pq
5. If a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and
if p = 0.16 and is a dominant allele, what is the
expected value of p after 200 generations, if all Hardy-Weinberg conditions are
continually met?: 0.16
6. Which of the following is an accurate statement of relationships?: A seal is equally
related to a horse and a whale
7. Which of the following groups form a clade (i.e., are part of a monophyletic
group)?: Hippopotamus, whale and giraffe
8. Which of the following does NOT tend to promote speciation?: Gene flow
9. Ernest Hemingway was once given a six-toed cat as a gift. That cat's descen-
dants now live at the Ernest Hemingway home and museum on Key West.
More than half of the Hemingway house cats now have polydactyly.This is a
much higher frequency than in the general housecat population, making the
situation an example of _____.: Founder effect
10. Which of the following is NOT an example of evolution?: When humans travel to a high
altitude, their physiology changes to accommodate lower oxygen levels
11. James Hutton's theory of uniformitarianism, which states that geological
processes have operated at the same gradual rate throughout Earth's history,
provided a critical foundation for Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. Which
of the following best describes the key connection between Hutton's ideas and
Darwin's theory?: Hutton's work provided the concept of 'deep time,' which suggested the Earth was old
enough for the slow, gradual process of evolution by natural selection to occur.
1/8
, PCB4674 Evolution Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_isvb3l
12. Which of the following scenarios is the best example of artificial selection?-
: Farmers choose to breed the largest and most productive cows from their herd to increase milk yield in the next
generation.
13. What event is widely considered the primary trigger for Charles Darwin to
finally publish his theory of evolution in On the Origin of Species?: The receipt of a
letter and manuscript from Alfred Russel Wallace outlining a nearly identical theory of natural selection.
14. Ring species provide a powerful demonstration of speciation because they
show how:: A single species can gradually diverge into two or more distinct species, with a continuum of
interbreeding populations connecting the two reproductively isolated ends.
15. Which of the following is NOT an example of a vestigial structure?: The front flipper
of a seal.
16. Which of the following is the primary reason that Jean-Baptiste Lamarck's
theory of the inheritance of acquired characteristics was refuted by later scien-
tific discoveries?: The discovery of genes and modern genetics showed that changes to an organism's body
cells do not affect its heritable genetic material.
17. Which of the following best describes the significance of the fossil Tiktaalik
in the study of evolution?: It demonstrates a key transitional form with a mix of fish-like and tetrapod-like
features.
18. After several generations of selectively breeding mice in a laboratory, Ted
Garland and his colleagues established populations of mice that voluntarily
chose to run great distances on exercise wheels. The process of establishing
these populations of mice is termed ________.: Artificial selection
19. Radioactive dating techniques have demonstrated that Earth was formed
approximately ________ years ago.: 4.6 billion
20. Pleiotropy occurs when ______________: A mutation in a single gene affects multiple phenotypic
traits
21. Processed pseudogenes are useful for testing Darwin's theory of descent
with modification because they ________.: Accumulate mutations at a constant rate, and thus older
processed pseudogenes should be shared by a greater variety of species.
2/8
