The Cardiovascular System Test Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4sgrgm
1. functions of the cardiovascular system: - Transportation of O2 nutrients, and waste
- Removal of CO2 and waste
- Regulate body temp.
- Maintain acid-base balance
- Transportation of hormones
- Assist with immune function
2. the heart: - thoracic cavity
- above diaphragm, between lungs
- size of a clenched fist
- weighs 8-12 ounces
3. functions of the heart: - Ensures unidirectional flow of blood
- Pumps blood to lungs and body
- Develops blood pressure for nutrient and waste exchange
4. walls of the heart: - pericardium
- epicardium
- myocardium
- endocardium
5. pericardium: - Double serous membrane that encloses the heart
- Outer layer anchors the heart to surrounding structures
- Inner 2 layers separated by serous fluid (pericardial cavity)
6. epicardium: Outside layer of the heart
- Aka the visceral pericardium
7. myocardium: Middle layer of the heart
- Workhorse of heart
8. endocardium: Inner layer of the heart
- Endothelium lining reduces friction
9. atria: Receiving chambers
- Thin walled
- Do not have a lot of pumping power
10. ventricles: discharging chambers
11. right ventricle: which ventricle goes to the lungs?
12. left ventricle: which ventricle goes to the body?
1/5
, The Cardiovascular System Test Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4sgrgm
13. thick muscular walls: great pumping power
14. forame ovale: - Opening between the atria in fetal development allowing blood to bypass the right ventricle
- Small amount of blood does travel to the right ventricle and is drained through the ductus arteriosus
15. ductus arteriosus: Connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta
16. interventricular septum: divides heart into right and left halves
17. superior vena cava: returns blood to heart from head, shoulders, and arms
18. inferior vena cava: returns blood to heart from rest of body
19. pulmonary trunk: Blood flow out of right ventricle to pulmonary arteries
20. pulmonary arteries: to lungs
21. pulmonary veins: back to left side of heart
22. aorta: Largest Artery in body
23. atrioventricular (AV) valves: Between atria and ventricles
- tricuspid
- bicuspid (mitral)
24. semilunar valves: Between ventricles and great arteries
- pulmonary
- aortic
25. heart sounds: Result from closing of valves
1. Lub: AV valve closure - first sound
2. Dub: semilunar valve closure - second sound
26. lub: AV valve closure - first sound
27. dub: semilunar valve closure - second sound
28. the heart circulation: Right and left side act as separate pumps
- Pulmonary circuit: carries blood to lungs & back~ right side of heart
- Systemic circuit: carries blood to body & back~ left side of heart
29. pulmonary circuit: carries blood to lungs & back~ right side of heart
30. systemic circuit: carries blood to body & back~ left side of heart
31. cardiac circulation: - Supplied by right and left coronary arteries
- Cardiac veins empty into coronary sinus which drains into right atrium
32. cardiac cycle: Consists of two phases: Phases determined by state of the ventricles
- diastole: ventricle relax, atria contract
- systole: ventricles contract, atria relax
2/5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4sgrgm
1. functions of the cardiovascular system: - Transportation of O2 nutrients, and waste
- Removal of CO2 and waste
- Regulate body temp.
- Maintain acid-base balance
- Transportation of hormones
- Assist with immune function
2. the heart: - thoracic cavity
- above diaphragm, between lungs
- size of a clenched fist
- weighs 8-12 ounces
3. functions of the heart: - Ensures unidirectional flow of blood
- Pumps blood to lungs and body
- Develops blood pressure for nutrient and waste exchange
4. walls of the heart: - pericardium
- epicardium
- myocardium
- endocardium
5. pericardium: - Double serous membrane that encloses the heart
- Outer layer anchors the heart to surrounding structures
- Inner 2 layers separated by serous fluid (pericardial cavity)
6. epicardium: Outside layer of the heart
- Aka the visceral pericardium
7. myocardium: Middle layer of the heart
- Workhorse of heart
8. endocardium: Inner layer of the heart
- Endothelium lining reduces friction
9. atria: Receiving chambers
- Thin walled
- Do not have a lot of pumping power
10. ventricles: discharging chambers
11. right ventricle: which ventricle goes to the lungs?
12. left ventricle: which ventricle goes to the body?
1/5
, The Cardiovascular System Test Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4sgrgm
13. thick muscular walls: great pumping power
14. forame ovale: - Opening between the atria in fetal development allowing blood to bypass the right ventricle
- Small amount of blood does travel to the right ventricle and is drained through the ductus arteriosus
15. ductus arteriosus: Connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta
16. interventricular septum: divides heart into right and left halves
17. superior vena cava: returns blood to heart from head, shoulders, and arms
18. inferior vena cava: returns blood to heart from rest of body
19. pulmonary trunk: Blood flow out of right ventricle to pulmonary arteries
20. pulmonary arteries: to lungs
21. pulmonary veins: back to left side of heart
22. aorta: Largest Artery in body
23. atrioventricular (AV) valves: Between atria and ventricles
- tricuspid
- bicuspid (mitral)
24. semilunar valves: Between ventricles and great arteries
- pulmonary
- aortic
25. heart sounds: Result from closing of valves
1. Lub: AV valve closure - first sound
2. Dub: semilunar valve closure - second sound
26. lub: AV valve closure - first sound
27. dub: semilunar valve closure - second sound
28. the heart circulation: Right and left side act as separate pumps
- Pulmonary circuit: carries blood to lungs & back~ right side of heart
- Systemic circuit: carries blood to body & back~ left side of heart
29. pulmonary circuit: carries blood to lungs & back~ right side of heart
30. systemic circuit: carries blood to body & back~ left side of heart
31. cardiac circulation: - Supplied by right and left coronary arteries
- Cardiac veins empty into coronary sinus which drains into right atrium
32. cardiac cycle: Consists of two phases: Phases determined by state of the ventricles
- diastole: ventricle relax, atria contract
- systole: ventricles contract, atria relax
2/5
