NURS 1873 Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions
Hypertension Stages - Local
Normal: <100 and <80
Elevated: 120-129 and <80
HTN Stage 1: 130-139 and 80-89
HTN Stage 2: 140+ and 90+
HTN Crisis: 180+ and 120+
*BP = Cardiac Output x Systemic Vascular Resistance
Clinical Manifestations of HTN
•Asymptomatic
OR
•Fatigue, dizziness, palpitations, angina, dyspnea
Complications of HTN
Organ Dysfunction
Diagnosis of HTN
BP Reading
Treatment of HTN
Lifestyle Modifications First
Stage 1: Non-pharmacological Management + One 1st Line
Drug
,Stage 2: Non-pharmacological Management + Two 1st Line
Drugs
1st Line HTN Drugs
Thiazide diuretics, CCB, and ACE Inhibitor or ARB
Pulmonary HTN - Central
High blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs
Pulmonary HTN S/S
·Fatigue
·Dyspnea
·Exertional chest pain
·Dizziness
·Syncope
·S3
Pulmonary HTN Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Drug Therapy and Surgery
Local - Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)
•Dilation of the vessel wall (can be in the arch, thoracic, or
abdominal areas).
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) S/S
•Thoracic- Often Asymptomatic; possible chest pain & shortness
of breath
,•Abdominal- Often asymptomatic; possible pulsatile mass or
bruits.
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Nursing and
Interprofessional Care
•Monitoring, Prevent rupture (Decrease cardiovascular disease
(CVD) risk factors- BP management!) and Surgical repair.
•Rupture (= exsanguination)- sever back pain and bruising
leading to shock.
•Treatment= immediate resuscitation and surgical intervention.
•Post surgical interventions- Maintain BP, Check perfusion
(neuro, peripheral and renal), GI involvement, Infection
prevention.
Local - Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
•Hardening of arteries in the heart due to fat deposits.
•Asymptomatic or have Chronic Unstable Angina (chest pain).
•Interprofessional Care: Antilipidemic, antiplatelet, blood
pressure medication, lifestyle changes.
Local- Chronic Stable Angina (CSA)
•= Chest pain
•PQRST
, •Interprofessional Care: Medications
•Vs. Unstable Angina
Local- Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
•Unstable Angina or Myocardial Infarction (MI)
•STEMI or NSTEMI
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) S/S
•Symptoms: Pain, diaphoresis, tachycardia, elevated BP,
vasoconstriction, distant heart tones, Nausea & vomiting, fever
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Interprofessional care
•Interprofessional Care: MONA, Medications, Intervention
Morphine, Oxygen, Nitro, Aspirin
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Complications
Dysrhythmias & Heart Failure (HF).
Progression of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
Stable Angina
Unstable Angina
NSTEMI
STEMI
Local- Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) S/S
Slow Progression
•Intermittent claudication
Hypertension Stages - Local
Normal: <100 and <80
Elevated: 120-129 and <80
HTN Stage 1: 130-139 and 80-89
HTN Stage 2: 140+ and 90+
HTN Crisis: 180+ and 120+
*BP = Cardiac Output x Systemic Vascular Resistance
Clinical Manifestations of HTN
•Asymptomatic
OR
•Fatigue, dizziness, palpitations, angina, dyspnea
Complications of HTN
Organ Dysfunction
Diagnosis of HTN
BP Reading
Treatment of HTN
Lifestyle Modifications First
Stage 1: Non-pharmacological Management + One 1st Line
Drug
,Stage 2: Non-pharmacological Management + Two 1st Line
Drugs
1st Line HTN Drugs
Thiazide diuretics, CCB, and ACE Inhibitor or ARB
Pulmonary HTN - Central
High blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs
Pulmonary HTN S/S
·Fatigue
·Dyspnea
·Exertional chest pain
·Dizziness
·Syncope
·S3
Pulmonary HTN Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Drug Therapy and Surgery
Local - Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)
•Dilation of the vessel wall (can be in the arch, thoracic, or
abdominal areas).
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) S/S
•Thoracic- Often Asymptomatic; possible chest pain & shortness
of breath
,•Abdominal- Often asymptomatic; possible pulsatile mass or
bruits.
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Nursing and
Interprofessional Care
•Monitoring, Prevent rupture (Decrease cardiovascular disease
(CVD) risk factors- BP management!) and Surgical repair.
•Rupture (= exsanguination)- sever back pain and bruising
leading to shock.
•Treatment= immediate resuscitation and surgical intervention.
•Post surgical interventions- Maintain BP, Check perfusion
(neuro, peripheral and renal), GI involvement, Infection
prevention.
Local - Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
•Hardening of arteries in the heart due to fat deposits.
•Asymptomatic or have Chronic Unstable Angina (chest pain).
•Interprofessional Care: Antilipidemic, antiplatelet, blood
pressure medication, lifestyle changes.
Local- Chronic Stable Angina (CSA)
•= Chest pain
•PQRST
, •Interprofessional Care: Medications
•Vs. Unstable Angina
Local- Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
•Unstable Angina or Myocardial Infarction (MI)
•STEMI or NSTEMI
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) S/S
•Symptoms: Pain, diaphoresis, tachycardia, elevated BP,
vasoconstriction, distant heart tones, Nausea & vomiting, fever
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Interprofessional care
•Interprofessional Care: MONA, Medications, Intervention
Morphine, Oxygen, Nitro, Aspirin
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Complications
Dysrhythmias & Heart Failure (HF).
Progression of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
Stable Angina
Unstable Angina
NSTEMI
STEMI
Local- Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) S/S
Slow Progression
•Intermittent claudication
