SENG 438 FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026
What affects software quality? - Answers Quality, Cost, Time
Time - Answers Meeting project deadline and reaching the market at the right time
Cost - Answers Meeting the anticipated project costs
Quality (reliability) - Answers Working fine for the designated period on the designated system
Service - Answers A system's behaviour as it is perceived by its users.
Correct service is delivered when the service implements the system function.
Delivery of incorrect service is a system outage.
Error - Answers Human action that results in software containing a fault.
Fault (bug) - Answers Cause for either a failure of the program or an internal error. It must be
detected and removed.
Failure - Answers The only one of the 3 factors that is observable.
An event that occurs when the delivered service deviates from correct service.
Failure Mode - Answers The manner n which a fault occurs
Failure Effect - Answers The consequence(s) of a failure mode on an operation, function, status of a
system/process/activity/environment. The undesirable outcome of a fault of a system element in a
particular mode.
Error - Answers A discrepancy between a computed, observed, or measured value or condition and
the true, specified, or theoretically correct value or condition.
A human action that results in software containing a fault
Availability - Answers Readiness for correct service
Reliability - Answers Continuity of correct service
Safety - Answers Absence of catastrophic consequences on the users and the environment.
Confidentiality - Answers Absence of unauthorized disclosure of information
Integrity - Answers Absence of improper system state alterations
Maintainability - Answers Ability to undergo repairs and modifications
Validation - Answers Checking whether they system meets the customer's actual needs.
Building the right product.
Verification - Answers Whether the system is well-engineered, bug free, etc.
Building the product right
Test Case - Answers Set of inputs and expected outputs for a unit/module/system under test
Test Suite - Answers Set of test cases
Exploratory testing - Answers Tests are designed and executed at the same time.
Scripted testing - Answers Test are first designed and recorded. Then they may be executed some
later time by any tester
Regression Testing - Answers Check that a system update does not reintroduce faults that have been
corrected earlier.
Black-Box testing - Answers Access to specification is granted.
Goal: increase input domain coverage.
Partitions are based on slices of requirements and their expected behaviour
White-box - Answers Access to source code is granted.
Goal: increase code coverage
Partitions are based on grouping input domain elements into classes that cover difference
statements/branches/paths in the source code
Stub - Answers Fake class that comes with preprogrammed return values. Injected into the class
under test to give control over what's being tested as input
Mock - Answers Fake class that replaces the depended class and can be examined after the test is
finished for its interactions with the class under test.
Equivalence Class Testing (ECT) - Answers Divide input set in to partitions that can be considered the
same. ECs must be complete and disjoint
Equivalence Class - Answers Partitions of the input space in such a way that input data has the same
effect on the SUT
Weak-Normal ECT - Answers Test each partition at least once. All values are in the valid range
Strong-Normal ECT - Answers Test every possible combination of partitions for each variable. All
values are in the valid range.
What affects software quality? - Answers Quality, Cost, Time
Time - Answers Meeting project deadline and reaching the market at the right time
Cost - Answers Meeting the anticipated project costs
Quality (reliability) - Answers Working fine for the designated period on the designated system
Service - Answers A system's behaviour as it is perceived by its users.
Correct service is delivered when the service implements the system function.
Delivery of incorrect service is a system outage.
Error - Answers Human action that results in software containing a fault.
Fault (bug) - Answers Cause for either a failure of the program or an internal error. It must be
detected and removed.
Failure - Answers The only one of the 3 factors that is observable.
An event that occurs when the delivered service deviates from correct service.
Failure Mode - Answers The manner n which a fault occurs
Failure Effect - Answers The consequence(s) of a failure mode on an operation, function, status of a
system/process/activity/environment. The undesirable outcome of a fault of a system element in a
particular mode.
Error - Answers A discrepancy between a computed, observed, or measured value or condition and
the true, specified, or theoretically correct value or condition.
A human action that results in software containing a fault
Availability - Answers Readiness for correct service
Reliability - Answers Continuity of correct service
Safety - Answers Absence of catastrophic consequences on the users and the environment.
Confidentiality - Answers Absence of unauthorized disclosure of information
Integrity - Answers Absence of improper system state alterations
Maintainability - Answers Ability to undergo repairs and modifications
Validation - Answers Checking whether they system meets the customer's actual needs.
Building the right product.
Verification - Answers Whether the system is well-engineered, bug free, etc.
Building the product right
Test Case - Answers Set of inputs and expected outputs for a unit/module/system under test
Test Suite - Answers Set of test cases
Exploratory testing - Answers Tests are designed and executed at the same time.
Scripted testing - Answers Test are first designed and recorded. Then they may be executed some
later time by any tester
Regression Testing - Answers Check that a system update does not reintroduce faults that have been
corrected earlier.
Black-Box testing - Answers Access to specification is granted.
Goal: increase input domain coverage.
Partitions are based on slices of requirements and their expected behaviour
White-box - Answers Access to source code is granted.
Goal: increase code coverage
Partitions are based on grouping input domain elements into classes that cover difference
statements/branches/paths in the source code
Stub - Answers Fake class that comes with preprogrammed return values. Injected into the class
under test to give control over what's being tested as input
Mock - Answers Fake class that replaces the depended class and can be examined after the test is
finished for its interactions with the class under test.
Equivalence Class Testing (ECT) - Answers Divide input set in to partitions that can be considered the
same. ECs must be complete and disjoint
Equivalence Class - Answers Partitions of the input space in such a way that input data has the same
effect on the SUT
Weak-Normal ECT - Answers Test each partition at least once. All values are in the valid range
Strong-Normal ECT - Answers Test every possible combination of partitions for each variable. All
values are in the valid range.
