Test Bank - Little and Falace's Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient, 10th Edition - Miller - All 30 Chapters and Rationales Included

Test Bank For Little and Falace's Dental Management of the
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bn Medically Compromised Patient,
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10th Edition by Craig Miller,
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Chapters 1 - 30
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,Little: Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient, 10th Edition Test Bank
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Table of Contents
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PART ONE: PATIENT EVALUATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT
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Chapter 1: Patient Evaluation and Risk Assessment
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PART TWO: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
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Chapter 2: Infective Endocarditis
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Chapter 3: Hypertension
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Chapter 4: Ischemic Heart Disease
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Chapter 5: Cardiac Arrhythmias
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Chapter 6: Heart Failure (or Congestive Heart Failure)
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PART THREE: PULMONARY DISEASE
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Chapter 7: Pulmonary Disease
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Chapter 8: Smoking and Tobacco Use Cessation
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Chapter 9: Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders
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PART FOUR: GASTROINTESTIAL DISEASE
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Chapter 10: Liver Disease
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Chapter 11: Gastrointestinal Disease
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PART FIVE: GENITOURINARY DISEASE
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Chapter 12: Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis
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Chapter 13: Sexually Transmitted Diseases
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PART SIX: ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC DISEASE
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Chapter 14: Diabetes Mellitus
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Chapter 15: Adrenal Insufficiency
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Chapter 16: Thyroid Diseases
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Chapter 17: Pregnancy and Breast Feeding
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PART SEVEN: IMMUNOLOGIC DISEASE
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Chapter 18: AIDS, HIV Infection, and Related Conditions
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Chapter 19: Allergy
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Chapter 20: Rheumatologic and Connective Tissue Disorders
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Chapter 21: Organ and Bone Marrow Transplantation
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PART EIGHT: HEMATOLOGIC AND ONCOLOGIC DISEASE
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Chapter 22: Disorders of Red Blood Cells
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Chapter 23: Disorders of White Blood Cells
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Chapter 24: Acquired Bleeding and Hypercoagulable Disorders
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Chapter 25: Congenital Bleeding and Hypercoagulable Disorders
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Chapter 26: Cancer and Oral Care of the Patient
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PART NINE: NEUROLOGIC, BEHAVIORAL, AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
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Chapter 27: Neurologic Disorders
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Chapter 28: Anxiety, Eating Disorders, and Behavioral Reactions to Illness
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Chapter 29: Psychiatric Disorders
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Chapter 30: Drug and Alcohol Abuse
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Page 1 of 74 bn bn bn

Chapter 01: Patient Evaluation and Risk Assessment
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Little: Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient, 10th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE bn




1. Elective dental care should be deferred for patients with severe, uncontrolled
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bn hypertension, meaning that the blood pressure is greater than or equal to mm Hg.
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a. 200/140
b. 180/140
c. 180/110
d. 160/110
ANSWER: C bn


Elective dental care should be deferred for patients with severe, uncontrolled
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hypertension, which is blood pressure greater than or equal to 180/110 mm Hg, until
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the condition can be brought under control.
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2. The American Heart Association currently recommends antibiotic prophylaxis for a
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patient with which of the following cardiac conditions?
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a. Mitral valve prolapse bn bn


b. Prosthetic heart valve bn bn


c. Rheumatic heart disease bn bn


d. Pacemakers for cardiac arrhythmias bn bn bn




ANSWER: B bn


Previously, the American Heart Association (AHA) recommended antibiotic prophylaxis
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for many patients with heart murmurs caused by valvular disease (e.g., mitral valve
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prolapse, rheumatic heart disease) in an effort to prevent infective endocarditis;
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however, current guidelines omit this recommendation on the basis of accumulated
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scientific evidence. If a murmur is due to certain specific cardiac conditions (e.g.,
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previous endocarditis, prosthetic heart valve, complex congenital cyanotic heart
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disease), the AHA continues to recommend antibiotic prophylaxis for most dental
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procedures.
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3. One consequence of chronic hepatitis (B or C) or cirrhosis of the liver is decreased
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bn ability of the body to certain drugs, including local anesthetics and analgesics.
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a. absorb
b. distribute
c. metabolize
d. excrete
ANSWER: C bn


Patients also may have chronic hepatitis (B or C) or cirrhosis, with impairment of
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liver function. This deficit may result in prolonged bleeding and less efficient
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metabolism of certain drugs, including local anesthetics and analgesics.
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4. Which of the following symptoms and signs is most consistent with allergy?
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a. Heart palpitations bn


b. Itching
c. Vomiting
d. Fainting



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ANSWER: B bn


Symptoms and signs consistent with allergy include itching, urticaria (hives), rash,
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swelling, wheezing, angioedema, runny nose, and tearing eyes. Isolated signs and
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symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, heart palpitations, and fainting generally are not
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of an allergic origin but rather are manifestations of drug intolerance, adverse side
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effects, or psychogenic reactions.
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5. Which of the following is true of the patient with a history of tuberculosis?
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a. A positive result on skin testing means that the person has active TB.
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b. Most patients who become positive skin testers develop active disease.
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c. Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have a high
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incidence of tuberculosis.
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d. A diagnosis of active TB is made by a purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test.
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ANSWER: b n C
The potential coexistence of tuberculosis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
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(AIDS) should be explored because patients with AIDS have a high incidence of
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tuberculosis. A positive result on skin testing means specifically that the person has at
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some time been infected with TB, not necessarily that active disease is present. Most
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patients who become positive skin testers do not develop active disease. A diagnosis of
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active TB is made by chest x-ray, imaging, sputum culture, and clinical examination.
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6. Vasoconstrictors should be avoided in patients who cocaine or methamphetamine bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


users because these agents may precipitate
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a. severe hypotension bn


b. severe hypertension bn


c. respiratory depression bn


d. cessation of intestinal peristalsis bn bn bn




ANSWER: B bn


Vasoconstrictors should be avoided in patients who are cocaine or methamphetamine bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


users because the combination may precipitate arrhythmias, MI, or severe
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hypertension.
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7. It has been shown that the risk for occurrence of a serious perioperative cardiovascular
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event (e.g., MI, heart failure) is increased in patients who are unable to meet a -MET
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(metabolic equivalent of task) demand during normal daily activity.
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a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
d. 10
ANSWER: A bn


Daily activities requiring 4 METs include level walking at 4 miles/hour or climbing a
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flight of stairs. Activities requiring greater than 10 METs include swimming and singles
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tennis. An exercise capacity of 10 to 13 METs indicates excellent physical conditioning.
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8. Which of the following alterations in the fingernails is associated with cirrhosis?
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a. Yellowing
b. Clubbing
c. White discoloration bn


d. Splinter hemorrhages bn




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